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中国特色词汇翻译毕业论文

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中国特色词汇翻译毕业论文

英语专业毕业论文题目汇总 语言与语言学类 001 从历史文化的发展看某个英语词或短语的语义演变 002 英诗中常用的修辞 003 英语谚语的修辞手法 004 委婉语种 005 英语中的缩略语 006 英语词汇中的外来语单词 007 英语新词新意探究 008 美国英语的特色 009 如何正确把握英语定语从句(或其他各种从句或语法形式)在句子中的确切含义 010 Fuzzy Words and Their Uses in Human Communication 011 Ambiguity and Puns in English 012 Some basic consideration of style 013 English by Newspaper 014 English Personal Pronouns: a Preliminary Textual Analysis 015 Thematic Network and Text Types 016 An Inquiry into Speech Act Theory 017 On Lexical Cohesion in Expository Writing 018 The Inferences of Conversational Implications 019 Context and Meaning 020 The Construction and Interpretation of Cohesion in Texts语言教学类 001 扩大词汇量和提高英语阅读能力的关系 002 提高英语阅读速度的主要障碍 003 英语阅读能力和阅读速度的关系 004 通过扩大知识面提高英语阅读能力 005 如何在阅读实践中提高英语阅读能力 006 阅读英文报刊的好处 007 如何处理精读和泛读的关系 008 如何对付英语阅读材料中的生词 009 如何通过阅读扩大词汇量 010 提高阅读能力和提高英语听力的关系 011 英语听说读写四种技能的关系 012 通过英语阅读提高英语写作能力 013 英语快速阅读能力的构成成分 014 中学生英语自主学习能力的培养 015 英语教学中的语言焦虑及解决策略 016 简笔画-英语教学中简单高效的教学手段 017 提高英语听力理解能力的策略和技巧 018 电子辞典与英语教学 019 普通话对英语语音的迁移作用 020 母语迁移在基础教育各阶段中的作用 021 提高大班课堂教学的效果 022 《英语课程标准》研究 023 口语教学中教师的角色 024 从心理学角度探讨少儿英语教学 025 英语课堂提问的策略研究 026 英语后进生产生的原因以及补差方法研究 027 英语词汇教学方法探讨 028 小学生英语口语能力评估方法研究 029 朗读在英语教学中的作用 030 任务型教学法研究 031 方言对学生英语语音的影响 032 英语阅读课堂教学模式探讨 033 英语课堂的合作学习策略研究 034 中学生英语学习策略的培养 035 探究式教学法在中学英语教学中的应用 036 现代信息技术在英语教学中的应用 037 教师教学行为对高中生英语学习的影响 038 实施成功教育减少两极分化 039 小学英语活动课教学模式研究 040 中学英语听力训练最佳方案 041 原版电影与英语学习 042 中学生英语兴趣的培养 043 《疯狂英语》(或各种教学方式)的利与弊 044 张思中教学法实践调查报告 045 如何杜绝中式英语 046 英语教师的文化素养 047 网络时代如何学好英语 048 背景知识与阅读理解 049 上下文在阅读理解中的作用 050 家庭教师在中学生英语学习中的利弊 051 中学英语教学现状分析 052 中学英语课堂上的Daily Report 053 中外教师解释课文方法比较 054 中外教师课堂提问方法比较 055 中外教师课堂鼓励性用语比较 056 中外教师对学生总体要求之比较 057 计算机辅助英语教学中的诸问题 058 不同种类的计算机辅助英语教学方式 059 计算机辅助英语教学中的教学法原则 060 The Instructive Meaning of Inter-language Pragmatics for foreign Language Teaching 061 Pedagogical Translation and Translation Teaching 062 The Importance of Cultural Authenticity in Teaching Materials 063 Micro-teaching and Student Teacher Training 064 How to Evaluate the Teacher Performance - A Case Study 065 English Test Design 066 The Interference of Native Language in English Writing or Translation 067 Translation Methods and English Teaching翻译类 001 英汉文化差异和翻译 002 英语习语翻译 003 翻译与语境 004 翻译中的对等问题 005 翻译中的衔接与连贯 006 翻译中的文化信息传递 007 语篇体裁与翻译策略 008 汉语四字词语的翻译 009 数字的翻译 010 翻译中的语序转换 011 谈英语被动句的翻译 012 英汉句法对比和翻译 013 谈合同(或其他各种类型文本)的翻译 014 英语否定句的翻译 015 广告英语及其翻译 016 中国特色词汇及其英译 017 英语长句的理解与翻译 018 商号、商标、公司名称等的翻译 019 Importance of Meaning Group in Translation文学类 001 文学批评方法之我见 002 解读布莱克诗篇《老虎》的象征意义 003 弥尔顿创作目的和结果的矛盾之我见 004 华滋华斯诗歌的自然观 005 简析《秋颂》的美学价值 006 由《云雀颂》看雪莱的诗歌创作观 007 论叶芝诗歌中的象征主义 008 狄金森诗歌的现实意义 009 论现代诗歌与后现代诗歌的异同 010 解读《麦克白》的创作意义 011 由海明威的《杀人者》理解客观叙述法 012 解读福克纳的《干燥七月》 013 中外文学作品比较 014 不同英语文作品比较 015 英文作品中的人物分析 016 英文作品的社会意义 017 英文作品的文体风格参考文献 除相关的专著之外,以下杂志的现刊与过刊可供参考:《中国翻译》,《上海科技翻译》,《外语教学与研究》,《外国语》,《中小学外语教学》,《外语电化教学》,《中小学英语教学与研究》,《外国文学评论》,《福建外语》,《外语界》,《国外外语教学》,《现代外语》及外语院校学报等希望对你有用!:-)

Six, closingThe Chinese are endemic in China in the social and cultural life, use, with Chinese characteristics of English. In cross-cultural communication, Chinese characteristic, expression in words properly translate Chinese special things will have unique role: can make the han culture in English to permeate, thus makes English in China "localization" of rebirth. From Chinese into English to create new meaning, and become the English part of the English culture. Make English readers with Chinese characteristics is also very strange, English to Chinese culture interest, to achieve the effect of Chinese characteristics of English [1] JinHuiKang. Intercultural translation [M].beijing: China's translation and publishing company, 2003.[2]. GuJiaZu, language and culture LiuSheng [M].shanghai: Shanghai foreign language education press, 2002.[3] ZhangXinYuan. Chinese English, culture and translation [J]. Journal of anyang normal college, 2003, (1) : 45.[4] YuanLiangPing. With Chinese characteristics in cross-cultural communication in English [J]. Journal of zhejiang university of every tree, 2005,5 (1) : 69.[5] et. Interlingual translation and cultures [j]. Jiangsu, China mining university press, .[6] YuanBin. English native speakers, the pragmatic functions of Chinese vocabulary [J]. Journal of guangxi normal university, 1999 (2) : 60.[7]. JiangLei commercial advertising translation [J].journal of Chinese translation. 1998, (5) : 40.[8] ZhengYaLi english-chinese translating seeker. Rhetoric [M]. Cambridge: Cambridge university press, jinan.[9] ChengTong spring. The economy of China English vocabulary [J].journal of Chinese translation of science and technology, brana (3) : 6.[10] the fairy. Tang literal and free of dialectical view [J]. Journal of 0, (1) : 121.[11] PengGuYu, YangXianYu thinking difference in language. English on the reflection [J]. Journal of foreign language college, (1) : 16. Quote from Chinese paper download center

严复的"信、达、雅"三个字精辟地概括了翻译的标准。这个标准要求译文既能忠实准确地表达原意,又能通顺流畅、文辞优美、可读性强。但在实践中达到这个标准,却不是一件容易的事。 汉英翻译中有两种倾向:一种是一味追求译文流畅、文辞优美,忽略乃至偏离了原意;另一种是过于拘泥原文字句,机械地从字面上"对号入座",译文不顺而且难懂。这两种倾向都不符合"信、达、雅"标准。在外事翻译中,后一种倾向更为常见。造成这一问题既有主观原因,如怕译文出政治差错,认为直译比较保险,因而不敢越雷池一步;另外也有客观的因素,政治、外交翻译政策性强,不仅要求内容准确、文字严密,而且时间性强,给翻译的时间有限,译者经常处于完成任务的匆忙之中,"该出手时就出手",难以从容地进行推敲润色,因而译文常常迁就中文,顾不得精益求精。我在四十年的翻译工作中,在限定时间内出手的译文常常留下一些永久的遗憾。 当然,我们的翻译工作一直在进步、在发展,尤其是改革开放以来的20年时间里,解决了大量出现的新问题、新词汇、新提法,在外交和对外宣传工作中发挥了巨大作用。但也不容忽视我们工作中存在的问题,特别是译文质量方面的问题。 提高译文质量需要多方面的努力,我感到今后最需要也是最难解决的问题之一,就是如何克服"中式英文",即"Chinglish"问题。 "Chinglish"是我上面所说后一种倾向的一个表现,它的存在导致某些译文生硬晦涩,使讲英语的读者敬而远之,影响了对外宣传的效果。还不能不引起我们的注意。 对"Chinglish",我们需要做一些理论上的探讨,但我认为更主要的是如何从实践中去求得解决。解决了这个问题,就可能使我们的译文更完美,更接近于"信、达、雅"这个标准。当然,这不是一朝一夕所能解决的,需要我们持续不懈地去努力。 由于中国与英语国家的历史背景、政治、经济、社会、文化以及价值观等不同,汉译英容易产生中式英文,就像英译汉容易出现欧式中文一样。因此,要求译者不仅精通汉语和英语,而且熟悉英语国家人们的生活背景、思维方式和语言习惯,时刻关注英语发展动态,多听外电,多读英文原著和原文,逐渐克服"Chinglish",使英译文读起来比较地道。现就有关"Chinglish"几个问题谈几点看法,与前辈和同行探讨。I、产生Chinglish的主要原因及其表现形式一、带有中国特色的词汇不断出现。改革开放以来,产生了不少新词汇、新提法,它们都是中国特有的,在英文里没有或一时找不到相应的译法,即使译出来也需要一定的磨合的过程。译文往往是解释性的,解释不了,就字对字译出,因而容易出现Chinglish。例如:(1)"三讲"(讲学习、讲政治、讲正气)初译:emphasize the need to study, to have political awareness and to be honestand upright改译:emphasise on three things: study, politics and integrity初译是解释性的,显然没有原文简洁。改译简单明了,但也没完全摆脱中式英文的味道。另外,politics一字有时含贬意。(2)"经济法制化"manage economic affairs according to law或put economic operationon a legal hasis or within a legal framework"科研成果产业化"apply scientific research results to industrial production"国民经济信息化"build an information-based national economy"社会知识化"build a knowledge-driven society"国际关系民主化"Democracy should be practised in intemational relations汉语中经常出现"化"字,有的可直译,譬如:"经济全球化",现译成:economic globalization。但不能一律简单译成"ize",譬如把上句译成:Internationalrelations should be democratized。意思就走样了。上述便句均为解释性的译文,免不了中式英文的味道。二、搭配不当。由于受到汉语字面的影响,翻译中往往不是犯语法错误而是更深层次的搭配不当的问题。例如:(3)"我们将……在新的世纪里不断谱写建设有中国特色的社会主义的新篇章。"We will go on achieving fresh successes in building socialism with Chinesecharacteristics in the new century。"谱写新篇章"在有的上下文可以译成write a new chapter,例如:"在中泰友好交往的历史中,谱写了新的篇章。"可译为:we havewritten a new chapter in the annals of Sino-Thai friendship。而在例句(3)中就不能这样译,因为writea chapter与building socialism是不能搭配在一起的。(4)若干一般常见的搭配不当的例句:"来信写道"译为the letter writes属搭配不当,也是拟人化,应为:the letter reads"取得成就"make achievements应为:score或"attain achievements"革命接班人"successors to the revolution 应为:revolutionary successors"革命事业接班人"successors to the revolutionary cause应为:successors in the revolutionarycause有的词句尽管搭配不当,但因长期使用而被英语国家接受,可谓约定俗成,例如:"把中国建设成为"build China into属Chinglish,应译为:turn China into。但在克林顿欢迎江主席的讲话中就用了build San Francisco into a thriving cosmopolitan city。可见英语也在吸收外来语,也在不断发展。三、重复和累赘。汉语和英语对名词、动词、形容词和副词的用法不同,所以对重复强调的用法也不一样。汉语中经常出现重复使用名词的现象,而英语则较多地用代词、短语或省略来表达。例如:(5)"为了开好本次大会,邮联大会中国组委会全力以赴做了大量的准备工作。中国政府和北京市政府均对本次大会的筹备给予了大力支持。很多国家政府和邮政主管部门也为中国筹备本次大会提供了有益的帮助。在此,我谨向所有支持本次大会筹备工作的国家、部门和朋友们表示最衷心的感谢!"初译:The Chinese Organizing Committee of the postal Union Congress has goneall out to make preparations in order to make the Congress a success. TheCentral Government and the Beijing Municipal Government of China have renderedunfailing support to the preparatory work of the Congress. The Governmentsand competent postal departments of many countries have furnished kindassistance to China’s preparatory work for the Congress. Here I’d liketo express my most sincere thanks to all countries, departments and friendsthat have given us support to the preparatory work for the Congress.在这句话中,"大会",出现了五次,初译在英文中也出现五次。"筹备"一词在汉语中出现三次,在英译文中也出现了三次。译文句子非常累赘,有Chinglish的味道。改译:The COC has gone all out and done a lot of preparatory work for thePostal Union Congress to make it a success. Both the Central Governmentand the Beijing Municipal Government of China have rendered unfailing supportto its preparations. The Governments and competent postal departments ofmany countries have provided China with kind help in the work. Here I wishto express most sincere thanks to all the countries, departments and friendsthat have given us support in this regard.改译后,"大会"和"筹备"都只出现过一次,句子简练一些。(6)"为了推动中美关系的发展,中国需要进一步了解美国,美国也需要进一步了解中国。"初译:To promote the development of China-US relations, China needs to knowthe US better and the US also needs to know China better.改译:To promote China-US relations, China needs to know the US better andvice versa.改后译文避免了重复,英文较顺。(7)"依法治国……建立社会主义的法制国家"初译:govern the country by law…and build the socialist country ruled by law累赘且费解。改译:exercise the rule of law…and turn China into a socialist country withan adequate legal system这样避免出现两个"country",层次比较清楚。四、过多使用修饰词。汉语中经常用很强的副词修饰动词和形容词,用形容词修饰名词,以加重语气。而译成英语时需要斟酌,不能一字一字地照译,否则往往强调过头,效果相反,削弱了原文的力量。例如:(8)"我们要继续坚定不移地坚持以经济建设为中心。我们要继续坚定不移地推进改革开放。我们要继续坚定不移地保持社会稳定。我们要继续坚定不移地贯彻执行独立自主的和平外交政策。"a. We will continue to unswervingly focus on economic will continue to unswervingly press ahead with reform and will continue to unswervingly carry out the independent foreign policyof . We will steadfastly focus on economic development, resolutely pressahead with reform and opening-up, persistently maintain social stabilityand unswervingly pursue the independent foreign policy of . We will unswervingly focus on economic development, press ahead withreform and opening-up, maintain social stability and pursue the independentforeign policy of peace.四个"坚定不移地"全译成unswervingly,这样的英译文不仅不能加重语气,反而弱化并显得累赘。如果译成不同的副词也不可取,给人以副词堆砌的感觉。只用一个副词修饰四个动词应该就可以了。再如:"彻底粉碎"completely smash, "smash"本意就是break completely,已经包含了"彻底"的意思,加上completely语气反而弱化。"完全征服"completely conquer, "conquer"不可能是partly。"极为可耻"extremely shameless,"shameless"已是最高级。"伟大的历史性转变"This is a great historic change。在英语里,historic已经包含了great的意思。五、不适当的省略。有时汉语简洁,但译成英文必须补缺。(9)"农业搞好了,农民能自给,五亿人口就稳定了。"初译:if agriculture is in good shape and the peasants self-supporting, thenthe 500million people will feel secure。改译:If agriculture is in good shape and the peasants are self-supporting,…前半句主语和动词都是单数,后半句主语是多数,因而必须据此加一复数动词而不能省略。(10)"人的意志想要避免,也不可能。"It cannot be avoided even if people want to 必须加avoid it。前半句avoided是被动,而后半句avoid是主动,因而不能省略。六、拟人法。这种现象在汉语中经常出现。而在译成英语时,往往因受汉语字面影响使译文有Chinglish的味道。(11)"中国社会主义建设的航船将乘风破浪地驶向现代化的光辉彼岸。"a. The ship of China’s socialist construction will brave the wind and wavesand sail to the glorious destination of modernization。"ship"没有生命,而搞modernization的主语应当是人。b. China will stride forward in building socialism, like a ship bravingthe wind and the waves, towards the glorious destination of modernization.(b)例译文并不理想,但克服了拟人化,比(a)略有改进。(12)"世纪之交,中国外交空前活跃。"a. 不能译成:At the turn of the century, China’s diplomacy is most acitive.因为diplomacy 是没有生命的,active 的主语应当是人。现译The turn of the century finds Chinamost active on the diplomatic arena.就解决了拟人化的问题。(13)"创新是一个民族进步的灵魂"初译:……innovation is the soul of a nation’s progress.改译:……innovation sustains the progress of a 是有生命的,而innovation则没有,两者在一起是拟人化,改译纠正了这一点。七、没有注意词类转换。汉译英有时不能完全按照原文是什么词类就译成什么词类,而需要根据情况对词类进行调整和转换。(14)"我们之间关系的发展使我们不仅成为亲密的朋友而且成为兄弟。"a. The development of our relations has made us not only close friendsbut also . Our relations have so grown that they bind us not only as close friendsbut also as brothers.例句b吃透了原文的精神,转换了词类,使用了英语的表达方法,英语味道比前一例句要强。(15)"轻纺工业产品的花色品种增多,质量继续有所提高。"a. The designs and variety of light industrial and textile products haveincreased and their quality has continued to improve。翻译时词类完全按照中文,因而有Chinglish的味道。b. Light industry and textile products are now available in better designsand quality and in richer variety。b比a 例有明显的改进。(16)"中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。"a. The strength, prosperity and development of China will pose no threatto any . A strong, prosperous and developed China will pose on threat to anycountries.例a是字对字翻译,例b比较自然。II.如何避免Chinglish,使译文读起来像地道的英文一、首先要吃透中文的精神,摆脱中文字面的束缚,从英语读者的角度出发,按照英语习惯,对句子进行重组,以清晰的文字表达原文的意思。(17)"维护世界和平是大有希望的。"a. To maintain world peace is very . There are great hopes for the maintenance of world peace.这两句基本上是字对字翻译。c. The prospect for world peace is very . The prospects for world peace are very encouraging indeed.后两句英文比较通顺。(18)"同时,也从一个角度反映了他们心怀祖国,放眼世界的精神面貌和文化生活。"初译:In addition, their pictures reflect, from a certain angle, their mentaloutlook of having the whole country in mind and the whole world in viewas well s their cultural life.改译:In addition, their pictures reflect, from a certain angle, their mentaloutlook, their love for the motherland and wide-ranging interest in theworld as well as their cultural life.初译句子用了套语,比较臃肿,不好懂。改译后比较通顺易懂。二、在工作中有意识地记录常用语和老大难的译例。多听外电、大量阅读英文原著原文,尤其是关于中国的文章,看看外国人对同一个词、同一个事物以及成语如何表达,进行比较研究后"择优录取"较贴切的用法,为我所用。(但在借用这些词汇和表达方法时,一定要注意其政治倾向和不同的上下文)例如:(19)"新世纪即将到来之际",外报、外电中有很多说法,搜集起来,用时就方便了。As the new century approachesOn the verge of the new centuryAt the dawn of the new centuryAt the threshould of the new centuryAs the new century is just round the corner(2)"……增长百分之几十,有的成倍增长"increase by double-digit percentages or in some cases several-fold如果有具体数字,譬如:增长了百分之,翻译不会有任何困难。但"百分之几十"则不好表达,既然外报有这种表达法,而且与中文也恰好吻合,我们拿来用就是了。(21)bring out the best in people,"人尽其才"通常译为:put people’s talents to thebest use,而现英文句型更生动地表达了"充分发挥人的能力"的意思(Tichets, priced from…to…)are far out of the reach of the ordinary workers,"望尘莫及"If…, all the other problems would melt away."迎刃而解"A special one-time case"下不为例"Visitors who overstayed their pemnits"客人住宿证明过期"Downsizing for efficiency or cut payroll to increase efficiency "减员增效"上述这些英文说法用的都是小字、短字、简单字,都比较形象,均可为我所用。二、阅读英译汉文章时,注意搜集常用的词、短语、句子,查阅英语原文是如何表达,利用reverse or back translation的办法,不断积累地道的英语词汇和句型,也就是:英-汉-英。(22)"我最近常常想到你和贵国"You and your country have been much in my thoughts recently。这个用法比haveoften thought of you地道。(23)"你目睹了中国和世界在本世纪走过的非凡历程"You have witnessed the sweep of a remarkablecentury, both in China and abroad.这里sweep即是"历程",它比course更为形象,而且有"走过"的动作。(24)"大力继承这些遗产并发扬光大"…are dramatically building on this legacy 比inheritingand carrying forward this legacy简练贴切。(25)"经济改革改变了中国的面貌和人民的日常生活"Economic reform…has transformed China’s landscapeand its people’s daily 的用法可以效仿。(26)"美籍华人独特的文化和……勤奋观念加强了我们社会的凝聚力。"Chinese Americans’ unique culture and values of … hard work have strengthenedthe fabric of our society. Fabric的用法值得学习。(27)"每个国家都得根据自己的传统寻找发展方案。"Each country has to look for development approacheswithin its own traditions. "Within"可以译成"根据",那么在类似情况下,"根据"也可译成within。(28)"在零售和烹调行业方面,家办企业的买卖完全超过了国家办的。"In the retail and catering sectors, householdoperations have completely outmarketed the state. "household operations"和"outmarket"都可拿来为我所用。四、天下无难事,只怕有心人。培训对语言的浓厚兴趣,随时随地学习以英语为母语的人在不同场合对不同事物的表达方式。从中吸收对我有用的东西。(29)我们在许多不同的场合都用"辛苦了"一词,而英语国家的人则随着情况的变化而变换说法。譬如,客人刚抵达时,主人可以说:Did you havea good trip?某人辛勤工作后,就可以表扬他:Thank you for your hard work.或You’ve been workinghard!但这次江主席在检阅部队时说,"同志们辛苦了!"(还有"同志们好!")怎样翻译,我没有把握。至于"同志们好!"显然不能译成Hello或How areyou之类。是否可以译成:Salute!也许需要问问外国朋友。再如:客人们抵达后,外国主人问道,"Would you like to make yourself comfortable?"我想,这正是我们平时所说"想方便一下么?"(30)会谈对英方人员说,We have to consult the opinions of a wide cross-section ofpeople。这正是我们所说的"我们必须广泛听取各界人士的意见。"(31)"凭票入场"外国人用"Admission is by ticket only。"我们可以举一反三,将"凭柬上一号观礼台"译成"Admissionby card only"or "Please present this card。"Venue: Reviewing Stand 总之,各种各样的英文材料、广告、路标、宣传品等等都可作为学习材料。最后一点,要跟上飞速发展的时代,不断学习新出现的词汇和知识。仅举几个例子。(32)Quickionary 扫描器字典Telephovision 电视电话A not -for -profit group 非赢利集团Megatrends Asia 《亚洲大趋势》Quantum Fund 量子基金Hedge Fund 对冲基金 如果要从根本上来解决,还需要提高译者的综合素质,尤其是语言素质和修养,不仅汉语要好,英语尤要精通,而且知识面要广。一般说来,译者英语的造诣越深,其译文中的Chinglish就越少。

Six, closingThe Chinese are endemic in China in the social and cultural life, use, with Chinese characteristics of English. In cross-cultural communication, Chinese characteristic, expression in words properly translate Chinese special things will have unique role: can make the han culture in English to permeate, thus makes English in China "localization" of rebirth. From Chinese into English to create new meaning, and become the English part of the English culture. Make English readers with Chinese characteristics is also very strange, English to Chinese culture interest, to achieve the effect of Chinese characteristics of English [1] JinHuiKang. Intercultural translation [M].beijing: China's translation and publishing company, 2003.[2]. GuJiaZu, language and culture LiuSheng [M].shanghai: Shanghai foreign language education press, 2002.[3] ZhangXinYuan. Chinese English, culture and translation [J]. Journal of anyang normal college, 2003, (1) : 45.[4] YuanLiangPing. With Chinese characteristics in cross-cultural communication in English [J]. Journal of zhejiang university of every tree, 2005,5 (1) : 69.[5] et. Interlingual translation and cultures [j]. Jiangsu, China mining university press, .[6] YuanBin. English native speakers, the pragmatic functions of Chinese vocabulary [J]. Journal of guangxi normal university, 1999 (2) : 60.[7]. JiangLei commercial advertising translation [J].journal of Chinese translation. 1998, (5) : 40.[8] ZhengYaLi english-chinese translating seeker. Rhetoric [M]. Cambridge: Cambridge university press, jinan.[9] ChengTong spring. The economy of China English vocabulary [J].journal of Chinese translation of science and technology, brana (3) : 6.[10] the fairy. Tang literal and free of dialectical view [J]. Journal of 0, (1) : 121.[11] PengGuYu, YangXianYu thinking difference in language. English on the reflection [J]. Journal of foreign language college, (1) : 16. Quote from China papers download center

颜色词翻译的毕业论文

帮你找到了,可是要付费,3元,链接在下面英汉颜色词的文化内涵与翻译The Cultural Connotations and Translation of Color Words in Chinese and English梁燕华摘 要:自然界是色彩斑斓的,各民族在长期的历史沉淀中都形成了各自独特的颜色观,折射出绚丽多姿的民族文化.该文从跨文化交际的角度,以文化内涵为切入点,探讨英汉颜色词的异同,强调不同文化中颜色词的民族特性及其翻译的处理.关键词:颜色词;文化内涵;异同;翻译分类号: 文献标识码:A文章编号:1008-7486(2002)03-0149-04作者简介:梁燕华(1972-),女,壮族,广西大学外国语学院讲师,在读硕士(学位),研究方向为英语语言学.作者单位:梁燕华(广西大学,外国语学院,广西,南宁,530004)参考文献:〔1〕Wierzbick York:Oxford University Press,1992.〔2〕许慎.说文解字[M].北京:中华书局,1963.〔3〕王秉钦.文化翻译学[M].天津:南开大学出版社,1995.〔4〕詹人凤.现代汉语语义学[M].北京:商务印书馆,1997.〔5〕包惠南.文化语境与语言翻译[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,2001.〔6〕符淮青.词义的分析与描写[M].北京:语言出版社,1996.〔7〕于逢青.论汉语颜色词的人文特性[J].东北师大学报,1999,(5):78~84.〔8〕朱耀先.浅谈中西文化差异与翻译[J].中国翻译,1997,(4):7~10.〔9〕陆谷孙.英汉大词典[M].上海译文出版社,1993.收稿日期:2002年5月13日出版日期:2002年9月1日

商务英语专业毕业论文选题

1、商务英语课程设置的探讨

2、跨文化因素对英汉翻译的影响

3、商务英语的特点及翻译技巧

4、商务英语函电在对外贸易中的作用

5、单证员在国际贸易中的地位

6、商务英语函电翻译技巧

7、商务谈判中英语的重要性

8、浅谈出口结汇风险的防范

9、中国退税制度的改革及其影响

10、商标名称的翻译与策略

11、外贸企业信用风险管理与控制

首先我觉得这个题目太大了,可以narrow down一下。要选个相对狭窄的切入点,比如说从一些著作的翻译中,译者如何处理颜色词汇的翻译来看。 如果你确实想从颜色词的翻译角度谈中西文化差异,推荐你用《红楼梦》。我毕业论文是写的“《红楼梦》英译本中女性角色的性格缺失”,写的时候对其英译本做过很多调查,也看到过已经有人对色彩词反映的中西方文化差异这一方面有所研究,你可以去参考。 仅列述自己的一些想法,希望能帮助到你~

商务英语专业毕业论文,可以选以下这些容易通过的题目:

1、论文化差异对中美商务谈判的影响

2、从顺应论角度分析商务函电中的委婉语

3、从文体学角度浅析国际商务合同中的语言特点及翻译策略

4、合作原则在商务谈判中的运用

5、功能对等理论在商务英语函电翻译中的应用

6、商务信函的写作原则与技巧

7、商务英语中模糊限制语的语用学研究

8、商务英语中的一词多义现象分析

9、商务英语中的颜色词浅析

10、商务英语中缩略语的翻译策略

11、商务英语信函中委婉语的应用

12、商务英语信函中的语用失误分析

13、商务英语函电的语言特征及翻译策略

14、商务谈判中的语言技巧

15、商务谈判礼仪中的服装禁忌

16、国际商务谈判中的文化障碍及策略研究

17、委婉语在商务英语谈判中的功能和语法手段

18、格莱斯合作原则在商务英语函电中的运用

19、浅析中美商务谈判中的文化冲突

20、模糊语言在商务英语沟通中的语用功能

21、浅析商务谈判中的恭维语应用

22、浅谈文化差异因素对国际商务谈判的影响

23、缩略语在商务英语中的应用

24、试论国际商务谈判中的跨文化问题及对策

25、跨文化商务谈判中的语用失误和对应策略

颜色词汇的毕业论文

首先我觉得这个题目太大了,可以narrow down一下。要选个相对狭窄的切入点,比如说从一些著作的翻译中,译者如何处理颜色词汇的翻译来看。 如果你确实想从颜色词的翻译角度谈中西文化差异,推荐你用《红楼梦》。我毕业论文是写的“《红楼梦》英译本中女性角色的性格缺失”,写的时候对其英译本做过很多调查,也看到过已经有人对色彩词反映的中西方文化差异这一方面有所研究,你可以去参考。 仅列述自己的一些想法,希望能帮助到你~

新美术课程标准要求在学习内容上改变专业化倾向,通过生动的教学活动,使学习内容变得鲜活充实,易于被学生掌握。在小学阶段,培养学生对色彩感受能力是一项重要的教学内容。色彩知识属于美术基础知识的范畴,其中的对比与协调是较专业性的。为上好江苏版美术教材第六册《色彩游戏——对比与协调》一课,我便尝试综合美术,音乐、文学等多种艺术门类,让学生在自主探究、体验,感受中理解色彩对比与协调不仅仅存在于人们生活的衣食住行,在我们所熟悉的音乐、文学作品中也是能体现的。 在游戏中感知色彩: 上课开始时,教师出示学生熟悉的三原色、三间色,接着让学生辨识:感知五彩缤纷的色相。 计“找朋友”的游戏活动,先让学生在纸片上涂出自己喜欢的—种颜色,根据纸片上的色彩“找朋友”。如教师提供的红色,提问:哪些颜色与红色可以成为“朋友”?把它找出来,贴到红色周围。由此学生感知色相接近地颜色组成的协调色画面。针对没有被选出的颜色,让学生说说不配成“朋友的理由,教师引导学生明确常见的红色与绿色、橙色与蓝色等对比色。(在此过程中,教师引导学生感受色彩对比与协调在视觉、心理感知上的区别,为下一步教学做好准备)。 于生活中寻找色彩:教师整理学生的发言,揭示课题(课题的展现要体现色彩的对比与协调)。提问:色彩规律中的对比与协调在生活中有吗?与生活有怎样的关系?带领学生先在教室内找一找(教室环境布置,学生服装等方面的色彩搭配),再让学生在自己所熟悉的生活中找一找(学习、生活用品等),由学生自己说一说找到的色彩对比与协调。记得采纳啊

百度文库,自己搜索。

English language, said the words are different colors or color rich. We must not only observe the basic significance of their own, meaning they have to pay attention to a deeper symbolic meaning. because of their symbolic meaning in different national languages often have different characteristics, Some characteristics of the people even after extended form, color after tropes advocating and taboos. The symbolic significance of this difference in color between different cultures is due to the cultural and historical background of each nation. Aesthetic differences in the psychological, and social development in the history of sedimentation common. it is a permanent phenomenon. This paper attempts from the cultural point of comparison, analysis and research into the development of the cultural symbolism of the color words.

润色论文翻译

在学校进行科研或者在企业从事偏算法的岗位,都难免会和英语论文打交道。以我为例,每当想起要看英语文章内心都非常排斥,都是直接找北京译顶科技帮忙翻译的,宁愿花点钱。

在一些合法专业机构内部挑选吧 问问导师也可以比如艾德思

留学生论文润色是论文写作中非常重要的一部分,前期的规划以及写作技巧是重要的,但是一篇高分的论文离不开不断的写作和润色修改,但是很多同学同时存在一个问题,自己写作后就形成了固定思维,无论是大的框架上还是小的细节上,都很难把握论文的润色修改。

论文的问题

论文润色怎么做?

不同的人、机构收费是不一样的,很多是按字数收费,给你建议意格编辑,不错的

中英颜色词汇对比研究论文

red(红色):无论在英语国家还是在中国,红色往往与庆祝活动或喜庆日子有关。英语里有 red-letter days(纪念日,喜庆的日子),在西方一般指圣诞节或其他节日,因为这些日子在日历上是用红色标明的,所以red-letter的转义就是“可纪念的”、“喜庆的”。 (普通的日子印的是黑色,但 black-letter day却不是“平常的日子”,而表示“倒霉的一天”。)又如 to paint the town red表示“狂欢”、“痛饮”、“胡闹”,多指夜生活中的狂欢作乐,饮酒胡闹,不是“把全城染红”。此外,roll out the red carpet for sb. 的意思是:“(铺展红地毯)隆重地欢迎某人”。如: He was the first European head of state to visit their country,and they rolled out the red carpet for him.(他是第一个访问该国的欧洲首脑,他们用隆重的礼仪来欢迎他。)

中西文化中颜色词语的象征意义 The symbolic meaning of the color word of between China and western countries Summary: Show in the Chinese-English language the words of different colors or color is very abundant. We not merely should pay attention to observing themselves' basic meaning, should paying attention to the deep and broad symbolic meaning of their meaning even more, because their symbolic meaning often has different characteristics in different national languages, some characteristics even form people to the advocating and taboo of the color after guiding stretching , transferred meaning. The difference of symbolic meanings of the color between such different culture is because of each national difference and producing of historical background , aesthetic psychology of culture, sanctified by usage in the sediment of development , history in the society, it is a kind of permanent culture phenomenon. The angle that this text attempts to compare from Chinese and Western culture with analysis, probe into various nationalities' culture to develop the impact on symbolic meaning of the color word. The human language is extensive and profound, different countries, the unique glamour that different and national color words demonstrate, make people regard with special esteem. In Great Britain's Chinese-English language, all very abundant to displaying different colors or the word of the color. We not merely want to understand their each one's own basic meaning, should pay attention to the deep and broad symbolic meaning of their meaning even more. Because often there are different characteristics in different national languages in symbolic meanings of the color, some characteristics have not represented the meaning of its word itself yet, but guide stretching, transferred meaning to it. First , midwest square color word because of our country and hopeless the greater part English country ten thousand li apart objective cause , symbolic meaning of difference, in the geographical position , scene that history aches , very great difference exists aesthetically psychologically, so the feeling of seeking the color word will not be the same. The symbolic meaning that a color word shows will be various naturally . This text will do some brief contrasts and discussions on the color of the word and symbolic meaning difference in Chinese and Western culture. By the look of definition of the color, color through eyes brain and people a kind of vision effect to the light experience of life produce, it is a vision phenomenon launched , reflecting or causing through certain light wave by the object, it is a kind of basic domestic animal of the human eye vision . About the definition of, it is relatively short to going through the time of the feudal society, and in nearly modern science is popularized and the west of development says at full speed, it is easier they accepted. The west relatively pays attention to the analysis things with rational science from the beginning, display it to the objective world and realistic scientific attitude known objectively. So, the symbolic meaning of the color is often more direct in western culture, generally symbolize some abstract cultural meaning with the concrete color of objective things For example: Western culture " getting red " to point color of " blood " but blood surge forward life liquid of the human body among the mind in westerner mainly, once the blood trickles, the life stops , so, the red make people associate it with the violence , dangerous, thus produced to the red taboo. Western Sinologist translate " Dream of the Red Chamber " may because of the fact that consider " red " make them is it bleed to associate it with, so adopted title " the stone is written " that the novel had used originally, English meant story of the stone to compare with the western civilization, Chinese culture is of long standing and well established, the feudal society that China goes through several thousand years, education and science lag behind relatively, so, in Chinese culture, the thought that the color expresses has strong mystery flavor, the development of the objective reality receives China's social development relatively largely. Color intension and symbolic meaning are very abundant in Chinese culture, and the symbolic meaning of the color word is plural. For example, the red in Chinese culture comes from the sun. Our ancestor has a kind of instinctive attachment and worships to the sunshine, the red joyous and lucky production naturally of purpose. With getting white as example and then, in mankind initial stage, our ancestor is small and weak and unable, make them completely exposed in broad daylight, an attack of the irresistible fiendish beast of prey, therefore the dialogue color has a kind of instinctive frightened sense, so the white becomes a kind of color and prohibits avoiding as taboo in Chinese culture. It is obvious; the symbolic meaning of the color demonstrates the human psychological characteristics at the same time. Second, concrete description of different symbolic meanings of the color in Chinese and Western culture. , the red advocates the color basically in our country's culture. It is lucky , joyous that it symbolizes; For example facilitate others bright marriage name " matchmaker ", joyous day will be it register for bright red lantern to want, stick to and form uniting red, the red good fortune word: The man sticks the bright red " liking " word while marrying the daughter and is married, one is lively | The prosperity is named " flourishing "; It symbolizes the revolution and progress again, for instance, Communist Party of China's initial regime is named " red regime ", the initial arms are called " the Red Army "; It is it smoothly , succeed to symbolize too, such as to very kind to known as " becoming much more popular " circumstances have people; Trusted unduly and called " the favourite follower " by the superior ; Assign to and manage profits and shout and " share out bonus", load the end with the beautiful woman to call " the beauty " ,etc.. The red is one to demote symbol that the word with quite strong purpose is " fire , blood " in western culture, representatives are cruel and ferocious and bleeding. If (1), is it massacre with violence is it claim for The red rules of tooth and claw (2 ) bloody to revenge for red revenge to ruling to describe; It symbolizes the radical violent revolution again, such as (1)It is a red revolution to describe the red revolution (2)Radical political movement represent for red hot political campaign (3 ) the Left radical activity commendatory as for a getting red one for red activities, for instance joyous day the red carpet of red days, grand reception ,etc., benefit from different culture and exchange and merge. 2, White and red and opposite, it is a basic taboo word; reflect Chinese are in the material and spiritual abandoning and disgust. The white does not have blood color, dead behavior; symbolize the death, ill omen. If the relative has wanted to wrap rough Dai Xiao after dying since ancient times, worn the white mourning dress, is called the funeral, set up the white mourning hall , should hit the white long narrow flag while carrying a coffin to the cemetery . Getting white word is it reach political influence is it fail, be unwise, is it take to have no profit to signify also to like in the course of its development, such as party that fail play " white flag " say that surrenders always among war; Call person with low intelligence " eat free ", exert oneself but make the advantage or come to naught and is named " busy oneself to no purpose " | " waste strength ". Finally, it signifies there is little knowledge, there is not fame and gain, such as calling rank and file “the commoner ", temper being scarce, scholar not deep calls “the pale-faced scholar ",etc. the experience. Western culture getting white symbolic meaning focus on one's own color their mainly, snow such as being new, fresh milk and color of the lily. Westerners think it white and graceful and pure, so it is the advocating color in the western culture. It is evil that it signifies that too pure to have, such as (1) a white souls, pure white wedding bride's wedding in white full dress of soul (2 ); It is honest , honest that it symbolizes again, such as (1) a white spirit honest soul (2)A white men is noble, an educated person. (3)White hand is honest; It is honest , honest that it symbolizes again, such as (1) a white spirit honest soul (2)A white men is noble, an educated person. (3)White hand is honest; It symbolize lucky too, if (1) somebody, life of one of the white days o f sib’s, it have legal and having hostile meaning lucky day of the life, such as (1) white market legal market, 3, the black has heavy mysterious senses in Chinese culture, it is a kind of serious and serious tone, and its symbolic meaning seems comparatively complicated because of affecting by western culture. On one hand it symbolizes serious , justice, black face Boa Zhen in the popular legend , black type of facial make up of Zhang Fey , Li Chui in traditional Beijing opera ,etc.; It again because a one's own one their dark to give somebody sinisterly , sinister and terrific feeling while being unglazed on the other hand. It symbolizes evilly, reactionary, such as meaning the sinisterly vicious person is a black heart, hidden repulsive inside information is " shady deal ", members of the reactionary group are the reactionary gang, evil backstage manipulator, call the ruler for the list of the dissident that draws up blacklist, (2) legal bright form that white list is sanctioned, (3) a white lie harmless lie. It show crime , break the law, such as is it do bandit conduct shout " walk the underworld " , is it kill robbery of goods , do illegal inn of business name the gangster inn to claim to claim, the violated goods trade calls the black market, is named the dirty money and waited with the money that the illegal means is obtained It is the basic taboo color in the western culture to be black (black), have reflected westerner's spiritual abandoning and disgust. It symbolizes the death , ill omen , disaster, if (1) Black Mass fits fairy Mass, (2) to wear black for her father is her father Dai Xiao, (3)black words unlucky words, (4) the fierce day of a black letter day; It symbolizes the evilness , crime, such as (1) the evil devil of Black Man, (2) a black de ed extremely abominable black guard ruffian , hooligan of behavior (3 ); It symbolizes shame, inglorious too, if a black eye disgraced , bad reputation of a black mark stain (2 ) of (1 ); Depressed , angry that it still symbolizes, such as (1) black dog depressed mood, (2) The future looks black prospects are dim, (3)He gave me a black look. He is looking at me in a great rage. 4,In a word there is a very great difference in different national culture in the symbolic meaning of the color word. Fundamentally, among Chinese culture, symbol of color based on China in the past ruling of feudalism, feudalistic superstition and primitive, backward science, educational state take shape, so the symbolic meaning of the color has quite strong inclination of politicizing and mystifying. The color in western culture signifies that benefits from the popularization degree of the national opening in the west and science , education more, symbolic meaning its little and mysterious, getting many some reason, make sometime , motivation easy to track the meaning of a word its. Symbolic meanings of the color between different cultures are all sanctified by usage in the sediment of development, history in the society; it is a kind of permanent culture phenomenon. , interesting, humor, cordial that they can make the language more vivid! List of references: 1, “modern Chinese dictionary ", Foreign Language Teaching and Research Publishing House. June of 1998 2, Zhang Devin, " informal discussion of Chinese and foreign languages ", the publishing house of university of Henna is 1999. 3, Li Yantis, <>, the 2nd Foreign Language Inst. of Beijing, 1998 4, Jig Mingling, " the social cultural meaning of English color word is analyzed ", the journal of Zhen Zhou University, 1997. 3 5, " 300 Tang poetries ", Jillian People's Press, 1999. 汉英语言中表示各种不同颜色或色彩的词语都很丰富。我们不仅要注意观察它们本身的基本意义,更要留心它们含义深广的象征意义,因为它们的象征意义在不同民族语言中往往有不同的特点,有些特点甚至构成了人们对经过引伸、转义以后颜色的崇尚和禁忌。这种不同文化之间颜色象征意义的差异是由于各自民族的文化历史背景、审美心理的不同而产生的,是在社会的发展、历史的沉淀中约定俗成的,是一种永久性的文化现象。本文试图从中西文化对比的角度,去分析、探究各民族文化发展对颜色词的象征意义的影响。 在人类语言中,颜色词语表现出的独特魅力,令人刮目相看。在汉英语言中,表示各种不同颜色或色彩的词都很丰富。我们不仅要注意观察它们本身的基本意义,更要留心它们含义深广的象征意义,因为颜色的象征意义在不同民族语言中往往有不同的特点,有些特点甚至构成了人们对经过引伸、转义以后颜色的崇尚和禁忌。由于我国与绝大部分英语国家相隔万里,地理位置、自然现象、历史背景、审美心理等千差万别,人们对于颜色的感受和表达不尽相同。这样,颜色的象征意义在中西文化之间自然又会产生很大的差异。本文拟就中西文化中词语的颜色、词语的象征意义作一些对比和探讨,以求教于同行和读者。 从科学的定义来说,颜色是由物体发射、反射或透过一定光波所引起的视觉现象,是人眼视觉的一种基本特征。颜色生成的这种定义,对经历封建社会时间相对短,且在近代和现代教育和科学得到普及和飞速发展的西方来说,是比较易于为他们所接受的。西方从文明一开始,就比较注重科学理性的教育和科学方法的发现,对客观世界和客观认识采取现实的科学态度。因此,西方文化中颜色的象征意义往往比较直接,一般是用客观事物的具体颜色来象征某些抽象的文化含义,所以更易追溯其语义理据和逻辑理据。例如:西方文化中的红色(red)主要指鲜血(blood)颜色,而blood在西方人心目中是奔腾在人体内的"生命之液"。一旦鲜血流淌下来,生命之花也就凋谢。所以red使西方人联想到"暴力"和"危险"产生了一种颜色禁忌。美国学者阿思海姆在他的《色彩论》中说:"色彩能有力的表达情感。……红色被认为是令人激动的,因为它能使我们想到火、血和革命的含义。"著名汉学家霍克斯在翻译"红楼梦"时,由于意识到red可能使现代英语读者联想到“暴力"、"流血",所以采用小说原来曾使用的书名《石头记》,译为The story of the stone。但是由于中国经历了几千年的封建社会以及教育和科技的相对落后,在中国文化中,颜色的生成具有强烈的神秘色彩,它的发展受到中国社会文化发展的较大影响。在先秦,颜色词就已经与古人的世界观、哲学思想联系在一起,后来又与政治挂钩。所以中国文化中的颜色内涵和象征意义十分丰富,而且颜色词的象征意义是多元 的。例如,从文化人类学角度来讲,中国文化中的红色源于太阳,因为烈日如火,其色赤红。我们的初祖在祭祈巫舞的过程中,对阳光有一种本能的依恋和崇拜,红色的喜庆和吉祥之意自然而然地产生了。古人还认为"日至而万物生" (《淮南子•天文训》)感到阳光下万物繁茂,生机勃勃,令人振奋,因而对代表太阳的红色产生了特别亲切的感情。再以白色为例,在人类初始阶段,我们的祖先弱小而无力,无法抗拒凶恶猛兽的攻击、光天化日的白昼使他们暴露无遗,有一种随时都有被食肉猛兽扑食的危险,因而对白色有一种本能的恐惧感;另外,我们的初祖还观察到"月到中秋分外明",因而认为明月与萧煞的秋季连在一起,而代表秋天的颜色也就是白色了(银白色的中秋之月)。这样白色在中国文化里就成了一种颜色禁讳。可见颜色的象征意义在漫长的历史进程中的约定俗成的,体现出某种心理功能。下面我们就中西文化中颜色的不同象征意义进行具 体描述。 1、红色 红色是我国文化中的基本崇尚色,它体现了中国人在精神和物质上的追求。它象征着吉祥、喜庆,如把促 成他人美好婚姻的人叫"红娘",喜庆日子要挂大红灯笼、贴红对联、红福字;男娶女嫁时贴大红"喜"字,把热闹、兴旺叫做"红火";形容繁华、热闹的地方叫"红尘";它又象征革命和进步,如中共最初的政权叫“红色政权”,最早的武装叫“红军”,把政治上要求进步、业务上刻苦钻研的人称为“又红又专”等;它也象征顺利、成功,如人的境遇很好被称为"走红"、"红极一时",得到上司宠信的叫"红人",分到合伙经营利润叫"分红",给人发奖金叫"送红包"等;它还象征美丽、漂亮,如指女子盛妆为"红妆"或"红装" ,把艳妆女子称为"红袖",指女子美艳的容颜为"红颜"等。 西方文化中的红色(red)则是一个贬意相当强的词,是"火"、"血"的联想,它象征着残暴、流血,如(1)The red rules oftooth and claw残杀 和暴力统治,(2)red revenge血腥复仇,(3)ared battle血战 ;它又象征激进、暴力革命,如(1)red hotpolitical campaign激烈的政治运动,(2)a red revolution 赤色革命,(3)red activities左派激进活动;它也象征危险、紧张,如(1)red alert空袭报警,(2)a red adventure story一个令人紧张的冒险故事,(3)a red flag危险信号旗;它还象征着放荡、淫秽,如( 1)a red waste of his youth他那因放荡而浪费的青春,(2)ared light district花街柳巷(红灯区),( 3)Is she really sored as she is painted?难到她真的象人们所描绘的那样放荡吗? 至于红色的褒义,如red—letter day喜庆的日子,the red carpet隆重的接待等,则得益于不同文化之间 的交流和融合。据考证,red的褒义是从远东经波斯传到西方的。 2、白色 在中国文化中,白色与红色相反,是一个基本禁忌词,体现了中国人在物质和精神上的摈弃和厌恶。在中国古代的五方说中,西方为白虎,西方是刑天杀神,主萧杀之秋,古代常在秋季征伐不义、处死犯人。所以白色是枯竭而无血色、无生命的表现,象征死亡、凶兆。如自古以来亲人死后家属要披麻戴孝(穿白色孝服)办"白事",要设白色灵堂,出殡时要打白幡;旧时还把白虎视为凶神,所以现在称带给男人厄运的女人为"白虎星"。白色的心理功能在其发展过程中由于受到政治功能的影响,又象征腐朽、反动、落后,如视为"白专道路";它也象征失败、愚蠢、无利可得,如在战争中失败的一方总是打着“白旗”表示投降,称智力低下的人为"白痴",把出力而得不到好处或没有效果叫做"白忙"、"白费力"、"白干"等,它还象征奸邪、阴险,如"唱白脸"、"白脸"奸雄;最后,它还象征知识浅薄、没有功名,如称平民百姓为"白丁"、"白衣"、"白身",把缺乏锻炼、阅历不深的文人称作"白面书生"等。 西方文化中的白色象征意义主要着眼于其本身色彩,如新下的雪、新鲜牛奶及百合花的颜色。西方人认为白色高雅纯洁,所以它是西方文化中的崇尚色。它象征纯真无邪,如(1)awhitesoul纯洁的心灵,(2)whitewedding新娘穿白礼服的婚礼;它又象征正直、诚实,如(1)awhitespirit正直的精神,(2)whitemen高尚、有教养的人,(3)whitehand廉洁、诚实;它也象征幸运、吉利,如(1)oneofthewhitedaysofsb'slife某人生活中的吉日之一,(2)whitemagic有天使相助的法术;它还有合法、无恶意的意思,如(1)whitemarket合法市场,(2)whitelist经过批准的合法明单,(3)awhitelie无害的谎言。 3、黑色 古代黑色为天玄,原来在中国文化里只有沉重的神秘之感,是一种庄重而严肃的色调,它的象征意义由于受西方文化的影响而显得较为复杂。一方面它象征严肃、正义,如民间传说中的"黑脸"包公,传统京剧中的张飞、李逵等人的黑色脸谱;另一方面它又由于其本身的黑暗无光给人以阴险、毒辣和恐怖的感觉。它象征邪恶、反动,如指阴险狠毒的人是"黑心肠",不可告人的丑恶内情是"黑幕",反动集团的成员是"黑帮"、"黑手",把统治者为进行政治迫害而开列的持不同政见者的名单称为"黑名单",它又表示犯罪、违法,如称干盗匪行径叫"走黑道",称杀人劫货、干不法勾当的客店叫做"黑店",违禁的货物交易叫"黑货"、"黑市",用贪赃受贿等非法手段得来的钱叫"黑钱"等。 黑色(black)是西方文化中的基本禁忌色,体现了西方人精神上的摈弃和厌恶。它象征死亡、凶兆、灾难,如(1)BlackMass安灵弥撒,(2)towearblackforhcrfather为她父亲戴孝,(3)blackwords不吉利的话,(4)ablackletterday凶日;它象征邪恶、犯罪,如(1)BlackMan邪恶的恶魔,(2)ablackdeed极其恶劣的行为,(3)blackguard恶棍、流氓,(4)blackmail敲榨、勒索;它也象征耻辱、不光彩,如(1)ablackmark污点,(2)blacksheep败家子,(3)ablackeye丢脸、坏名声,它还象征沮丧、愤怒,如(1)blackdog沮丧情绪,(2)Thefuturelooksblack前途暗淡,(3)Hegavemeablacklook。他怒气冲冲地看着我。 4、其他颜色 黄色在中国文化中是红色的一种发展变异,如旧时人们把宜于办大事的日子称为“黄道吉日”,但是它更代表权势、威严,这是因为在古代的五方、五行、五色中,中央为土黄色。黄色象征中央政权、国土之义,所以黄色便为历代封建帝王所专有,普通人是不能随便使用"黄色"的,如"黄袍"是天子的"龙袍","黄钺"是天子的仪仗,"黄榜"是天子的诏书,"黄马褂"是清朝皇帝钦赐文武重臣的官服。至于现在流行的与"性"有关的"黄色"观念,有一种说法是中西文化交流融合的一种现象。据说美国纽约的《世界报》用黄色油墨印刷低级趣味的漫画以争取销路,人们便称这一类不健康的刊物为“黄色刊物”.

★★★我是工程类课程老师,不是代写论文的,仅仅提供资料并进行探讨而已. ★★★★在我的个人中心有维普资讯的账号密码,需要的可以去那查找相关的论文期刊资料,如有不能使用的,麻烦提出,我尽快更新. 有人说我一直用类似的答案回答,但是我不得不这么做。学会自己搜索数据库对写论文是非常有帮助的,其实没有人会在网上真得写一篇论文出来,即使是收费的,也仅仅是东凑一点西拼一点而已,还不如自己去找呢! 您也可以去以下网站找资料,然后提问索取全文(索取请先使用我个人中心的维普账号查看是否能自行下载): ★(如果上不去,换) 是个收费网站,而且很贵!!!!但是你可以去那里查资料然后问我要全文,因为CNKI的资料很全,有3400多万篇文章。 当然你在任何论文网站或数据库下载全文遇到收费时,都可以向我寻求帮助! 中国知网,你上去输入关键词,搜索一下就有了 索取全文参看 搜索结果如: 1. 浅谈中西文化差异与翻译 被引次数:67次 朱耀先 文献来自:中国翻译 1997年 第04期 浅谈中西文化差异与翻译浅谈中西文化差异与翻译朱耀先文化差异是翻译中的障碍和难题。要在两种语言之间进行翻译,除了通晓两种语言文字外,还必须了解两种文化,深刻理解两种文化之间的差异。本文拟从历史文化、地域文化、习俗文化 ... 2. 英汉基本颜色词文化内涵的共性与差异 被引次数:3次 卢玮 文献来自:十堰职业技术学院学报 1998年 第02期 颜色词与民族心理;(2)颜色词与尊卑等级;(3)颜色词与民俗;(4)颜色词与宗教,探讨了英汉基本颜色词所蕴藏的文化内涵 ... 3. 从英汉颜色词透视中西文化差异 徐湘平 文献来自:怀化学院学报 2007年 第03期 神与形的文化差异造就了汉英颜色词的不同。四、颜色词所体现的民俗文化差异中英两国所处的社会文化背景不同,颜色词体现出鲜明的民族性,反映了两种语言丰富的民俗文化用语及历史渊源。在英语文化中各自有许多丰富的典故。汉文化中的大 ... 4. 英汉颜色词所表现的中西文化差异 陈永烨 文献来自:辽宁工程技术大学学报(社会科学版) 2005年 第04期 更要注重文化个性的冲突。英汉颜色词所表现的中西文化差异@陈永烨$河南经贸职业学院外语旅游系 ... 了解并掌握这些颜色词的语义及其引申意义差异性,对促进中西文化交流和翻译实践有一定的现实指导意义。[1]张丛江,王雪梅 ... 5. 从颜色词看英汉语言中的文化差异 被引次数:1次 郭晓英 文献来自:天水师范学院学报 2005年 第03期 产生于社会文化中的颜色词,由于其生成土壤的不同,其所涵盖的信息和赋予的意义也不一样。以下笔者将从七个方面探讨颜色词在英汉语言中的差异。一、不同政治制度导致的差异各民族由于不同的政治经济制度,他们利用不同颜色代表政治派别或 ... 6. 谈英语文化语用教学及颜色词的中西差异 张丽 文献来自:连云港师范高等专科学校学报 2002年 第03期 是一种永久性的文化现象。本文试图从颜色词中西文化对比的角度 ,去分析、探究各民族文化发展对颜色词的象征意义的影响。[1]夏征龙 ... 7. 从“礼貌”特征看中西文化差异 被引次数:5次 韦琴红 文献来自:临沂师范学院学报 2001年 第03期 与英语民族性注重隐私和个人自主性存在着巨大的文化差异。只有了解了这种由于中西文化的不同所导致的礼貌问题上的文化差异,才可以避免语用失误,达到跨文化交际成功的目的。[1]邓炎昌,刘润清 ... 8. 漫谈汉英颜色词的文化内涵 被引次数:4次 潘章仙 文献来自:浙江师大学报(社会科学版) 1996年 第05期 以便从中窥见不同民族文化对语言产生的巨大影响力和渗透力。一、颜色词的感情色彩所谓颜色词指的是那些描写事物颜色的词语 ... 9. 浅谈汉语词语的文化意义与中西文化差异 被引次数:2次 陈岩 文献来自:黑龙江社会科学 2005年 第02期 词语的文化意义充分反映该语言社团的生活现实和该语言社团成员对词的所指对象的心理印象,最能反映民族差异,同时也对词语的理解产生干扰。浅谈汉语词语的文化意义与中西文化差异@陈岩$东北农业大学国际文化教育学院 ... 10. 颜色词语与中西文化差异 张立改 刘丽娟 文献来自:河北自学考试 2007年 第08期 颜色词语与中西文化差异@张立改 @刘丽娟<正>英汉语言习惯不同,风俗各异,表示颜色的方法和用词也不尽相同,就是对同一颜色的理解与使用也有差异。随着人类文明的不断发展,表示颜色的词汇也相应地不断得到丰富,其意 ... 上一页 1 [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] 下一页

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