国内期刊论文审稿结论

王应宽Wang Yingkuan2011-07-23Beijing, China因为同时在运作3本国际英文刊（IJABE, IAEJ, CIGR Journal），论文同行评审的专家来自世界各地。每次收到的评审意见千差万别，而且不同国家或地区的专家的评审意见呈现一定的规律性，随即不由得做些比较。比较得出的基本结论是：欧美国家专家的评审意见详尽具有更大参考价值，台湾地区的同行评审专家次之，大陆专家的评审意见最为简省。文后附上几篇评审意见（所列大陆专家评审意见还是相对较好的），看看便知，一目了然。我曾与编辑同行讨论关于国内专家审稿的问题。共同的见解是，一线一流的专家基本不审稿。若应邀审稿，要么直接拒审，要么敷衍几句了事；比较认真的专家大都让其所指导的研究生代为评审论文。不论让谁审，最后的评审意见与国外专家的评审相比总不令人满意，存在较大的差距。国外专家评审论文大都是义务劳动，没有任何报酬。但专家们认为自己作为科研人员是科学共同体中的一分子，有义务担任同行专家为他人研究成果的学术质量把关。自己为别人的论文评审把关付出了智慧和劳动，别人也会为自己的研究和论文评审把关，也会付出相应的劳动。专家之间相互协作，相互帮助，虽然没有评审报酬，但大家都觉得平等。而且，国外的专家大都言行一致，故能认真地做好每一篇文章的评审工作。有的评审意见详尽的令人赞叹、钦佩和感动。因此，大家看到他们的评审意见都非常详尽而具有参考价值。而国内的专家评审论文为何大都仓促应付，三言两语，或言之无物，或毫无参考价值？主要原因是一线一流的专家都太“忙”，以至忙得都没时间做学术了。据我从事学术期刊工作十多年的经历，不论评审中文文章还是英文文章，国内专家评审意见普遍简单，评审的质量不高，不但看不出有改观的迹象，还有进一步恶化的趋势。文章中存在的很多的问题，专家审后没有看出来或没有指出来。如果直接发表，错误或疏漏太多影响论文的质量和期刊的声誉。在外审专家靠不住时，就要依靠内审做些完善和提高。如果外审专家把不好关，编辑部又无能力通过内审把关，发表出来的论文的质量也就可想而知了。是否国内专家不擅长评审论文呢？非也。据了解，许多国内专家被国外知名期刊邀请审稿时，他们非常积极认真地评审论文，并在规定时间返回颇有水准的评审意见。据说他们也能做得与欧美国际同行专家一样好。可见，国内专家评不好国内期刊论文不是水平问题，而是态度问题，“时间”问题，或者有其他方面的原因。同行评审是学术期刊论文质量把关的重要途径。如果大家都不在乎，把严肃认真的“盲审”变成“瞎审”，学术危矣！国内期刊请国内专家评审论文大都支付审稿费的。当然，限于各期刊的经济困难，审稿费报酬普遍都不高。因此，同行专家大都不很在乎那点可怜的审稿费。如果评审不好文章会影响专家的声誉和公信度。国内特别是大陆的专家既不在乎钱，也不在乎自己的声誉，不知道他们究竟在乎啥？中国是雷锋诞生的国度，按理说，当志愿者做公益应该很有基础。但在学术圈，就拿国内外同行专家无私奉献评审论文作比较，中国的同行专家做的还很不够，需要好好向国际同行学习。附：CIGR Journal栏目主编加拿大专家对一篇退稿文章的评审意见June 27, 2011Dear Prof. H L L:Re: CIGR Manuscript 1911 EFFECTS OF TRACTOR INFLATION PRESSURE AND TRAFFIC ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIESAs CIGR section editor, I have conducted a preliminary review of the above manuscript addresses a significant engineering problem in agricultural crop production, and as such, the subject matter is of interest to , the manuscript is deficient in several scientific decision is to decline the manuscript without peer preliminary review is attached to the end of this note that the preliminary review is by no means a comprehensive manuscript is released, and you are free to submit it for publication in another you for considering CIGR for publication of your work and I wish you success in getting your work ., Section III editor,Research Scientist, Agricultural Engineering,Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,Section Editor ReviewTitle: EFFECTS OF TRACTOR INFLATION PRESSURE AND TRAFFIC ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIESCIGR # 1911Authors:H L L et 27, 2011General:The manuscript addresses soil compaction by multiple passes with agricultural machinery which is a timely topic and of importance to sustainable agricultural are numerous grammatical errors although the meaning is generally is strongly recommended that the authors seek the assistance of someone well versed in English to help with the manuscript is not acceptable in its present needs a lot of biggest problem with the manuscript is that key pieces of information are not given, and that the data analysis is not of the major deficiencies are listed below although this is by no means an exhaustive is well known that soil characteristics have a huge influence on soil only description given is that the soil was a sandy like soil series, percent sand, silt and clay, soil organic matter all influence compaction and need to be specifications: Total tractor weight, tractor axle (or wheel) weights, are critical pieces of information required for compaction studies, but they are not pressure was given, but no information was given on whether these pressures were the same for front and rear , tractor manufacturers recommend different pressures for front and rear tires, particularly on tractors with different sizes of front and rear was measured, but there was no mention made of whether the tractor was free wheeling (no implement draft) or whether it was pulling a drawbar load on a tractor has a huge effect on wheel slip, and must be was mentioned that a 4WD tractor was used, and different tire sizes were given for front and rear tires which implies that it was a front wheel needs to be specified whether or not the front wheel drive was : A randomized complete block statistical design with three replicates was , the results are given in a series of tables with simple means with no statistical analysis. The results need to be subjected to appropriate statistical analysis, . ANOVA or multiple regression analysis, and appropriate post hoc tests applied to determine which means are statistically different from each experimental design employed lends itself to standard statistical analysis of the should be used when appropriate to help illustrate the data and the , and and elsewhere. Cone index has wrong index is normally given in MPa or , the values for cone index are much lower than normally is not necessary to list all of the equipment used such as oven, air compressor, you need to say is that samples were oven dried at 105�0�2 C for soil moisture like air compressor and pressure gauge are every day shop equipment, are understood to be necessary for any type of experiment where inflation pressures are , things like the penetrometer, and shear vane meter should be are specialized pieces of equipment and their performance can affect the to provide information on which soil cone penetrometer you , how many penetrometer measurements per plot per pass?3)In Figure 4, the text “USB Connection” was overlapped by the )In Figure 4, the line with the “Information Collection” is missing an )In Figure 7, the text “field identifying number” was covered by the )In Figure 8, some texts are placed out of the )Please use consistent fonts in figures throughout the Comments to Associate Editor/Division Editor/Editor-in-chiefI recommend the authors should use consistent fonts throughout the article. The paper cannot be accepted in its present form.中国大陆专家1评审论文意见Section III: CommentsThis section is the most valuable part of the review for the author(s), who are extremely interested in how you formed your opinion of this paper. Please provide specific comments that will help the author(s) understand your review, and possibly prepare a revision. Use all the space you need. General Comments:This paper assess the O2 consumption rate and the CO2 evolution rate in tomato pomace treated with Pleurotus ostreatus without and with Mn to determine if peak colonization rate (for heightened delignification) was delayed by amendment. Generally speaking, the author’s work is useful and suggestive. The author gives a brief introduction to the related work and compares his ideas to others. The theoretical analysis of this article is all, this manuscript has good novelty and strong technical strength, I’m looking forward the results of further investigations on this comments:In Table 1, notes are not enough in this manuscript. In the Results and Discussion, results have been detailed explained, but some theoretical analysis of the experimental data are not Comments to Associate Editor/Division EditorI hope the paper will be published to guide more ’ information (Blind to Authors)中国大陆专家2评审论文意见(相对而言属于国内专家评审较为认真仔细的了)Section III: CommentsThis section is the most valuable part of the review for the author(s), who are extremely interested in how you formed your opinion of this paper. Please provide specific comments that will help the author(s) understand your review, and possibly prepare a revision. Use all the space you need. General Comments:Variable Spray will play an important role in saving resources, protecting environment, raising quality of agricultural product. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate PWM-based continuous variable spray in terms of spray distribution pattern, spray droplet size, and spray angle for flat-fan, hollow-cone and solid-cone nozzles. The test design, results, analysis and conclusion are correct. After re-review, this paper may be published, I comments:(1)I have read a paper named “Variable rate Continuous Spray Equipment Based on PWM Technology and Its Spray Characteristics”, which was published in Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2008, 39 (6): 77-80 (in Chinese)”(see the attachment), I think that is a previous study work of the authors. If that is correct, I suggest the author adding that paper in the references of this paper. And then, the contents which have been described in the previous paper can be deleted from this paper.(2)In the abstract “The sensitivities of the spray angles to flow-rate are 、、 respectively for flat-fan, the hollow-cone and the solid-cone nozzles”. In English, without the symbol “、”.(3)The numerical data in the conclusion are not the same as those in the abstract”.Confidential Comments to Associate Editor/Division EditorReviewers’ information (Blind to Authors)中国大陆专家3评审论文意见Section III: CommentsThis section is the most valuable part of the review for the author(s), who are extremely interested in how you formed your opinion of this paper. Please provide specific comments that will help the author(s) understand your review, and possibly prepare a revision. Use all the space you need. General Comments:This paper is more important, but it still needs major revision requiring comments:Revision suggestions of this paper: 1. The study results and conclusions should be clarified in . It should be described clearly about the data and size of NACA0015 airfoil which was selected in the numerical simulation in section . It should be described clearly about the specific quantitative conditions of icing in section . This paper is required re-review after Comments to Associate Editor/Division Editor

审稿结论包括的内容有：标题名称(题目)、关键词(或主题词)、提纲、引言、结束语。

提出论证结果。在这一部分中，作者应对全篇文章所论证的内容作一个归纳，提出自己对问题的总体性看法和意见。例如，《浅论社会主义市场经济条件下的乡镇领导方法》一文的结论：总之，建立社会主义市场经济体制，是一项艰巨复杂的社会系统工程，在这个新的体制转换阶段，乡镇领导干部作为农村社会主义市场经济建设的带头人。

在思想认识、领导方法等方面都必须来一个很大的转变，才能适应迅速变化的新形势，进一步推动农村社会主义市场经济的发展。机关后勤管理体制和管理制度改革的任务是艰巨的，在当前，我们仍处在上述较容易见到成效的某些方面进行探索的阶段，我们要力争有一、二个突破口，在取得成果之后，不断把后勤改革引向深入，达到服务社会化的最终目的。

结论的意义：

从哲学观点来看，结论是相对一定条件而言的，结论与条件互为因果关系，条件（原因）是引起一定现象的现象，结论（结果）是由于条件作用而产生的现象。对于（专科、本科等）毕业论文当中，结论是毕业论文的收尾部分，是围绕本论所作的结束语。其基本的要点就是总结全文，加深题意。

对采用“结论”作结的论文及结论本身内容进行具体分析，发现它具有如下特征；研究报告类、试验研究类、理论推导类等论文以“结论”作结束部分的居多；“结论”之前的章节内容通常是“结果分析或讨论”；较多地采用分条编序号的格式表述,语句严谨，概括简明，传达信息具体而确定,或定性或定量。