现金贷论文英文文献

融资英文文献（6000字左右 ） 作者：Justin.Athur.winner。 Commercial Financing Solutions - Think Outside The BankJuly,2007 by Stephen BushCommercial financing borrowers are likely to feel that a traditional bank is their best source for business financing. However, because most traditional banks focus on a small number of established industries, non-traditional (non-bank) and non-local commercial lenders should be considered for most commercial financing situations. Therefore the recommended commercial financing strategy (as discussed in this article) is to Think Outside the Bank”. There are several commercial financing situations in which commercial borrowers will frequently find that non-traditional commercial lenders are better positioned to provide terms that are more advantageous to the commercial borrower: (1) Business cash advance and credit card factoring programs; (2) commercial mortgage loans; and (3) credit card processing programs. In some cases a traditional bank will offer to provide commercial financing but will attach excessively stringent terms and covenants. In other cases a traditional bank will decline the commercial financing outright, perhaps because they do not even provide business financing to the commercial borrower’s particular industry. In either case, the commercial borrower is likely to benefit by Thinking Outside the Bank”. As I noted in an earlier commercial financing article, in many non-competitive business financing situations it is not unusual for a local traditional bank to impose harsher commercial financing terms than would typically be seen in a more competitive business financing market. Such traditional banks routinely take advantage of a relative lack of other commercial lenders in their local market. An appropriate response by commercial borrowers is to seek out non-bank commercial financing options. It is neither necessary nor wise for commercial borrowers to depend only upon local traditional banks for commercial financing solutions. For most commercial financing situations, a non-local and non-bank commercial lender is likely to provide improved business financing terms because they are accustomed to competing aggressively with other commercial lenders. COMMERCIAL FINANCING EXAMPLE ONE - THINK OUTSIDE THE BANK Business Cash Advance and Credit Card Receivables Programs Most businesses that accept credit cards in their business will qualify for a business cash advance with their credit card receivables. Traditional banks will typically be very poor candidates to consider if a business needs assistance with credit card factoring and business cash advances. Because even thriving businesses frequently need more cash than they can borrow from a bank, it can be of critical importance for a business to Think Outside the Bank” and locate non-traditional lenders to assist with this commercial financing need. COMMERCIAL FINANCING EXAMPLE TWO - THINK OUTSIDE THE BANK Commercial Mortgage Loans Two of the most common commercial financing difficulties experienced by commercial borrowers can be avoided if they Think Outside the Bank”. The first commercial financing situation is the prevailing practice of traditional banks to avoid most special purpose properties (such as funeral homes and churches). The second commercial financing situation is the typical practice of most commercial banks to attach balloon and/or recall provisions to their commercial loans (which means that the bank can require early repayment of the commercial loan under various conditions). Both of these undesirable commercial financing situations can usually and easily be avoided by considering a non-traditional and non-bank lender. COMMERCIAL FINANCING EXAMPLE THREE - THINK OUTSIDE THE BANK Credit Card Processing Programs The choice of an appropriate credit card processing service can be instrumental in improving the profitability of businesses with a high volume of credit card activity. The analysis of credit card processing providers can be effectively combined with the credit card factoring and credit card receivables process described above. In assessing a business cash advance program, it is frequently possible to simultaneously arrange for a substantial improvement in the merchant’s credit card processing program. Because traditional banks are usually not competitive in providing assistance with credit card factoring, it is equally likely that a non-traditional lender will be the primary source of effective and competitive help with credit card processing. A closing commercial financing thought: I have written an earlier commercial financing article about commercial lenders to avoid. It should be noted that there are in fact both traditional and non-traditional (non-bank) lenders which should be avoided. So when commercial borrowers Think Outside the Bank”, it is still of critical importance that they are prepared to avoid a wide variety of problematic non-traditional commercial lenders in their search for viable commercial financing, especially when it involves business cash advance (credit card receivables and credit card factoring) programs, credit card processing services and commercial real estate financing. 商业融资解决方案-比如银行外 2007年7月由Stephen布什 商业融资的借款人可能会认为，传统的银行是他们的最佳来源的商业融资。然而，由于大多数传统银行侧重于少数设立工业，非传统（非银行）和非本地商业银行应考虑大多数商业融资的情况。因此，建议商业融资战略（如本文中讨论）是跳出本行“ 。 有几个商业融资情况下，商业借款人常常发现，非传统的商业银行将能够更好地提供的条件更有利的商业借款人： （ 1 ）商业透支现金和信用卡保理业务程序; （ 2 ）商业按揭贷款;和（ 3 ）信用卡处理程序。在某些情况下，传统的银行将提供商业融资，但附加条件过于严格和盟约。在其他情况下，传统的银行将下降彻底的商业融资，这可能是因为他们甚至不提供商业融资，商业借款人的特定行业。在这两种情况下，商业借款人可能会受益于银行外思考“ 。 正如我在较早的商业融资的文章，在许多非竞争企业融资情况下，它并没有什么不寻常的地方传统的银行实行更加严厉的商业融资条件比通常被视为在一个更具竞争力的企业融资市场。这种传统的银行通常利用相对缺乏其他商业银行在其当地市场。作出适当的反应是由商业借款人寻求非银行的商业融资方案。这是既无必要，也明智的商业借款取决于只有在当地传统的商业银行融资解决方案。对于大多数商业融资的情况下，非本地和非银行的商业银行有可能提供更好的企业融资条件，因为他们所熟悉的竞争积极与其他商业银行。 商业融资比如-比如银行外 企业现金和信用卡应收帐款程序 大多数企业认为接受信用卡将在其业务资格的商业现金透支的信用卡应收款。传统的银行通常会是非常贫穷的候选人，以考虑是否需要援助业务与保理业务和信用卡业务现金垫款。因为即使是蓬勃发展的企业往往需要更多的现金，他们可以比银行贷款，它可以是极其重要的商业银行外的思考“ ，并找到非传统的贷款，以协助这个商业融资的需要。 商业融资两名-比如银行外 商业按揭贷款 两个最常见的商业融资遇到困难的商业贷款，可避免如果他们认为银行外“ 。第一商业融资情况是普遍存在的做法，传统的银行，以避免最特殊用途性质（如殡仪馆和教堂） 。第二商业融资的情况是典型的做法，大多数商业银行的重视气球和/或召回规定的商业贷款（这意味着银行可以要求提前偿还的商业贷款不同条件下） 。这两种不良商业融资的情况，通常可以很容易地避免和审议了非传统和非银行贷款。 商业融资例3 -比如银行外 信用卡处理程序 选择一个适当的信用卡处理服务，可有助于改善企业的盈利与大量的信用卡活动。分析信用卡处理供应商，才能有效地结合信用卡保理业务和信用卡应收款上述进程。在评估企业现金透支程序时，它常常是有可能同时安排大大提高商家的信用卡处理程序。由于传统的银行通常是没有竞争力，在提供援助信用卡保理业务中，也同样可能是一个非传统的贷款将是主要来源的有效和有竞争力的帮助，信用卡处理。 闭幕商业融资认为：我已经写的早期商业融资文章商业银行，以避免。应当指出的是，事实上，传统和非传统（非银行）贷款，应加以避免。因此，当借款人跳出商业银行“ ，它仍然是至关重要的，它们准备，以避免各种问题的非传统的商业银行在寻求可行的商业融资，尤其是当它涉及业务现金透支（信用卡应收款和信用卡保理）程序，信用卡处理服务和商业房地产融资。

不实行贷款在股份单包括所有贷款超过90天过期在兴趣或主要付款和被透露作为补充财政决算信息。 放款损失备抵在期望的未来贷款损失的水平反射当前增量和被透露作为在收入报告的累积费用。 贷款chargeoffs措施所有贷款被视为不可代收在期间。 Chargeoffs是在财政决算脚注分别地报告的财产注销，并且可能从资产负债表和收入报告数据也获得。 同时这三透露代表跨过收入报告的一个联合，上下文套潜在地价值相关的信息，资产负债表和脚注。 Recent经验主义的研究获得证据一致与在股票收益和放款损失备抵(cf.，海狸之间的正面联系等1989年; Elliott等1991年; 新来的人和Wallach 1991年; 约翰逊1989)。 这证据惊奇，因为它抗辩放款损失备抵被解释作为费用反射期望的未来贷款损失的概念。 这些文章臆想或许市场解释供应作为银行经理的私有信息的揭示关于期望的未来收入的，但是不测试这个想法。 这些研究结果的One潜在的解释是那个投资者情况他们的意想不到的供应的解释在并世意想不到的变化的在不实行贷款和意想不到的贷款chargeoffs上。 贷款损失信息这些相对地不可任意支配的片断也许使投资者估计在意想不到的放款损失备抵的任意组分。 如果投资者观察对报告的供应行使的谨慎，则他们可以做关于经理的私有信息的推断。 预先的研究臆想是投资者推断经理显露“好消息”，当他们行使谨慎增加供应时。 当未来现金流动远景改善时，被提出的The证据这里建议银行经理增量意想不到的放款损失备抵任意组分。 特别地，意想不到的供应肯定地与在现金流动上的未来变化有关，在控制以后向在现金流动的当前变化，在不实行贷款上的意想不到的变化和意想不到的贷款chargeoffs。 每年意想不到的供应肯定地与在现金流动上的未来变化有关就三明年。 并世每年(和季度)股票收益，并且收入通告数据股票价格反应，证实投资者解释意想不到的供应任意组分作为“好消息”。 这些研究结果贡献在收入管理的新的证据和它的在资本市场上的冲击

我给出个点子.首先得弄清楚编制现金流量表的目的是什么.一般企业编制的目的是为了对内帮助管理,对外,帮助投资者进行风险评估和决策.因此,编制高校的现金流量表是为了什么,是给谁看的?不同的人看,那么编制的方法和重点就会很不一样.如果是为了给内部管理看的话,那么它就会建立在传统内部会计资料的基础之上.如果是给外部想投资高校的人看,那么主要要建立在第三方评估的基础之上,要参考整个教育业的状况来评估.如果是为了给上级主管部门看,那么重点体现在项目的现金流上.比如新增一个学院\系给整体带来的影响.因为此时的目的可能就是为了要拨款.

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