网络流行语英译论文开题报告

可写 Introduction 或 Background 介绍写论文的目的 或 研究的目标

语言论文开题报告

开头报告是论文的重要组成部分，下面就是为大家整理的语言论文开题报告，欢迎大家阅读！

一、研究或设计的目的和意义

《金瓶梅》作为是中国的第1奇书，自问世以后，就为中国的世情小说的发展奠定了基础，并且把我国长篇小说的发展划分成了才子佳人的故事和家庭生活为题材描摹世态的及以社会生活为题材、用讽刺笔法来暴露的两大派系。而《红楼梦》在批判的继承了《金瓶梅》的才子佳人小说的创作经验后又有了重大的突破。成为了世情小说最伟大的作品。在“54”文学革命者做出了新的评价，鲁迅等阐述了《红楼梦》的现实主义精神和杰出成就后，使《红楼梦》的现实主义精神得以回归。直到现在，《红楼梦》、《金瓶梅》仍是许多作家永远读不完、永远值得读的好书。成为中国作家创作出高水平的作品的不可多得的借鉴品。然而，探讨两大名著的男主人公贾宝玉与西门庆的悲剧性，可以对两大名著中的社会悲剧，人类悲剧，男人悲剧更好的认识和了解，以供后人借鉴。从而启发后世的世情小说的创作，使今后的世情小说创作中的人物悲剧性达到1个更高的巅峰。

二、研究和设计的国内外现状和发展趋势：

中国的两大世情小说《红楼梦》、《金瓶梅》。对他们的.研究是中国古代小说研究领域中的两大学术热点。被称为中国第1奇书的《金瓶梅》从106世纪末问世后，研究者1开始不是很多，但是随着中国学术的从古典向现代转型，随着小说价值观念的变革与更新。对《金瓶梅》的研究渐渐的由微入深，被学术界称为“金学”。并受到国外学者的高度重视。现如今的外文译本有英、法、德、意、拉丁、芬兰、俄、日、朝、越、蒙等10几多种文种。对其做出了各方面的重大研究，并称其为中国通俗小说的发展史上1个伟大的创新。国内外的众多评论者并对其的创作时代、作者，及其所要暴露的社会矛盾和小说中所剖视扭曲的人性、悲剧性，性的描写，人物性格的刻画，语言的运用，并对其形成的网状结构做出了大量的归纳和探究。《红楼梦》与《金瓶梅》之间有着10分明显的继承和发展的关系。《红楼梦》是《金瓶梅》的1个重大的突破。引起了众多的人对《红楼梦》的评论和研究的兴趣，并形成了1种专门的学问——红学。《红楼梦》这部伟大的作品是属于中国的，也是属于世界的。《红楼梦》在国外有多种的译本：英、法、日等10几种语种的译本。并且国内外众多的评论者对其版本、作者，以及其的社会悲剧，人生悲剧，爱情悲剧，人物性格，个性化的文学语言，写实与诗化的融合，浑融1体的网状结构做出了大量的归纳和探究。然而，贾宝玉与西门庆作为是《红楼梦》和《金瓶梅》的两位男主人公。国内外的众多评论者都对其2人的人物形象，语言风格，现实原型，性格内涵，性的体验，个人悲剧等都做出了归纳和探究。《红楼梦》作为是《金瓶梅》的1个延续、1个发展，它的男主人公贾宝玉与西门庆有着1定的联系，对其2人的研究在今后应趋向于2人的社会悲剧，人类悲剧，男人悲剧的诠释及分析。

三、主要研究或设计内容，需要解决的关键问题和思路：

(1)总论

没有《金瓶梅》就写不出《红楼梦》，从《红楼梦》与《金瓶梅》题材类似的角度引出中心论点。

(2)分论

全文分3个部分

第1部分：阐述西门庆的悲剧性

西门庆1个市井无赖、流氓、淫棍，1个精明的商人，靠着他对金钱的占有肆意的挥霍、放纵，以自我为中心来实现他对放纵，及其通过金钱获得了强大的权利，随意的鄙弃人间，在此背后所体现出的社会的黑暗、。构成了其特有的社会悲剧、人类悲剧、男人的悲剧。 第2部分：阐述贾宝玉的悲剧性

贾宝玉1块晶莹剔透的宝玉1个显耀的贵族，他的个性、他的自我、他对女孩子的尊崇迫使他与封建传统相背道。他作为荣国府的唯1继承人，他肩负着荣国府的全部希望。但是他自身的性格特点，使他成为了“大逆不道的不肖子。”

第3部分：论证传统的价值观、传统的伦理观与贾宝玉、西门庆的悲剧性

传统的价值观、传统的伦理观，在贾宝玉与西门庆的行为中被肆意的践踏，新兴的与传统的极大的对立，但是封建的旧势力是无比强大的，最终，贾宝玉是失败的，西门庆是失败的，形成1个永恒的悲剧。

四、完成毕业论文(设计)所必须具备的工作条件及解决的方法：

1. 在图书馆查阅大量的文献资料。

2. 利用百度上网搜索最新相关信息。

3. 在指导老师的帮助下最终完成毕业论文。

五、工作的主要阶段、进度与时间安排：

1、论文的选题：20XX年1月

2、完成论文的开题报告：20XX年1月

3、完成论文的提纲：20XX年1月

4、撰写论文：20XX年2-3月

5、修改论文：20XX年4月

6、完成定稿：20XX年4月

六、阅读的主要参考文献及资料名称：

[1]管曙光编:《金瓶梅之迷》，中州古籍出版社，2000年版.

[2]明/兰陵笑笑生著，司徒博文译：《金瓶梅》，上海古籍出版社，2005年版.

[3]清/曹雪芹、高鄂著，张秀枫主编：《红楼梦》，时代文艺出版社，2000年版.

[4]清/曹雪芹著，杨国祥、杨德宏主编：《红楼梦》，长春出版社，1995年版.

[5]张国星编：《鲁迅胡适等解读〈金瓶梅〉》，辽海出版社，2002年版.

[6]尹恭弘著：《〈金瓶梅〉与晚明文化》，华文出版社，1997年版.

[7]袁行霈主编：《中国文学史》第4卷，高等教育出版社，1999年版.

[8]严明、田晓春等编著：《中国古代文学史(2)导学》，北京大学出版社，2002年版.

[9]张炯、邓绍基、樊骏主编;《中华文学通史》第3、4卷，华艺出版社，1997年版.

[10]张国星编：《胡适鲁迅王国维解读〈红楼梦〉》，辽海出版社，2002年版.

[11]智喜君著：《〈金瓶梅〉与欲》，辽海出版社，2005年版.

[12]张业敏著：《〈金瓶梅〉的艺术美》，教育科学出版社，1992年版.

[13]张国风著：《〈红楼梦〉趣谈与索解》，春风文艺出版社，1997年版.

[14]朱玄编：《红楼梦资料汇编》，南开大学出版社，2001年版.

[15]朱玄编：《金瓶梅资料汇编》，南开大学出版社，2001年版.

[16]王蒙著：《王蒙话说〈红楼梦〉》，作家出版社，2005年版.

英语专业翻译方向论文开题报告范文

以下是由我整理的.英语专业翻译方向论文的开题报告范文，供大家参考!

How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese Translation

I. Purpose and Significance

With the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.

It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.

According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.

Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.

II. Literature Review

Long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introduced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand China’s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.

With China’s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.

Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.

I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.

Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.

In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.

I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.

In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.

III. Feasibility Analysis

This academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:

have great interests in the way of English-Chinese translation.

have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .

have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis in

translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.

have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.

have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.

instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.

IV. Problems of the research and solutions

1. Problems

Despite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. What’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.

2. Solutions

(1) I shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.

(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.

(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall consult my instructor and seek for help.

V. Necessary conditions

1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.

2. The Internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the Internet.

3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.

VI. Outline

I. Introduction

A. A Brief Introduction of Ellipsis in Translation

B. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with Ellipsis

C. The Reason Why Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation

1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English

2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence Structure

II. The Principles of Ellipsis

A. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated Works

B. The Meaning of the Omitted Words Is Implied in the Test

C. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident

Ш. The Functions and Applications of Ellipsis

A. The Coherence of the Meaning of Expression

B. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression

1. Ellipsis of Articles

a. Ellipsis of Definite Articles

b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles

2. Ellipsis of Prepositions

3. Ellipsis of Pronouns

a. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronouns

b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronouns

c. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns

4. Ellipsis of Conjunctions

a. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctions

b. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions

5. Ellipsis of Rhetoric

a. Ellipsis of Repeated Words

b. Ellipsis of Synonyms

开题报告，老师一般会给模板，还要看你题目是什么。这是我的开题报告，你参考一下吧。 课题名称 An Analysis of the Different Cultural Connotations of Color Words between English and Chinese 试析颜色词的中英文化内涵差异 课题来源 Self-Selected and Approved by the Tutor 一、课题背景及意义 (课题的立题依据及研究意义) Research Background: A language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but also reflects the people’s attitudes, beliefs, and world outlooks etc. People of different cultures structure the world around them differently, at least in the language they use to describe that world. Languages differ enormously from one another, and these differences are related to important differences in the customs and behaviors and other aspects of the cultures in which those language reside. In a word, language is a mirror of culture. When we learn a new word we tend to look for its meaning in the word itself. Yet in addition to its dictionary meanings, the same word may stir up different associations in people, because of cultural differences. In our daily life, color words are the common illustrations of the cultural differences in language use. In Chinese and English cultures, color words are in the same way influenced by cultures, and used widely in people’s daily life. Research Significance: As the differences between Eastern and Western cultures led to the understanding of the color words are not the same . Color words contain a lot of deep meaning, implies a different ethnic feelings. If we do not take into account the impact of cultural differences, we are difficult to understand the implicit meaning of color words. The significance of this thesis is to enable a better understanding of color words, in order to enhance communication skills, avoid conflict of cultures. 二、课题研究现状及发展趋势 (课题研究领域的发展现状及可能的发展方向) Research Status: Study of color words has long attracted linguists’ attention. The bright lights of the objective world and for humankind as a whole are the same, but the national language or in different books of different ages or different geographical dialects often be found to have different understanding about color words. This concentrated and fully prove that language is the result of human cognition to understand and express the objective world, different groups of people in cognitive understanding and expression of the world, due to the different natural environment, social life, cultural traditions. Study of color words in different languages between the similarities and differences. The same object can look at how the differences in cognitive terms showing similarities and differences between how the social and cultural differences and further expansion of the semantic differences, which for the cognitive linguistics, comparative linguistics and culture, linguistics, and on second language teaching of applied linguistics has an important significance.. Research Tendency: 21st century’s color words study should stress the originality on research based on the achievements of the previous scholars, domestic or abroad. The study should keep track of the latest development of color words, making breakthrough, upgrading the research quality. 三、研究内容及研究目标 (对研究的内容进行说明，并阐明要达到的目标) Research Contents: A. Cultural Connotations of Black and Reflections in Idioms Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms Black Is Associated With the Solemn and the Dignified Black Is Associated With Profit Black Is Associated With the Black People 2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms Black Is Associated With the Death Black Is Associated With the Evil and Unfortunate Black Is Associated With the Shame and Disgraceful Black Is Associated With Anger B. Cultural Connotations of White and Reflections in Idioms 1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms White Is Associated With the Pure and Lucky White Is Associated With Integrity and Honesty 2. Negative Connotations and Reflections in Idioms White Is Associated With Death and Poor White Is Associated With Worthless and Timid C. Cultural Connotations of Red and Reflections in Idioms 1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms Red Is Associated With Honor and Love 2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms Red is Associated with the Obscenity Red Is Associated With Revolution and Socialism. Red Is Associated With Danger and Loss D. Cultural Connotations of Yellow and Reflections in Idioms Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms Yellow Is Associated With the Noble Yellow Is Associated With the Joy and Missing 2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms Yellow Is Associated With the Vulgar and Exaggerative Yellow Is Associated With the Coward and Disease Research Objectives: I write this thesis in order to make English learners have a better understanding of the cultural meaning of color words and enhance communication skills, avoid conflict in Western culture. 四、预计的研究难点 (课题研究过程中可能遇到的理论难题或技术难点) With the changing society, people have a view of things may have diametrically opposite point of view, how is the color of the word has become more authoritative to be a problem; how to get people to attach importance to the implied meaning of color words which may lead to cultural conflict is also a problem. As the color words in real life, the widely used, it is difficult in a paper summarizing, so how to form the color words of the formation of an effective system is a difficult. Possible problems also contain: (1) Limited availability of helpful data, especially the books or articles written by the native scholars; (2) Difficulty in the presentation of insightful ideas and the attainment in originality due to lack of the knowledge related. 五、创新点 (选题、观点、理论、材料、方法等创新点) The English language is developing constantly, keeping absorbing more color words. What is new in my thesis is that I try to focus my study on color words in modern English, making the research keep pace with the times, with the latest development in loanwords. 六、进度计划 (根据研究内容及研究目标所预计的进度安排) 1. - , 2008 Subject selecting & topic narrowing 2. - , 2008 Data gathering 3. - , 2009 Opening report & detailed outline 4. - , 2009 Literature review 5. - , 2009 First draft 6. - , 2009 Second draft 7. - , 2009 Final version 8. - May 14th, 2009 Printing 9. May 17th - May 25th, 2009 Thesis debate 七、资料来源 (指能够支持“课题背景”、“课题研究现状及发展趋势”所论述内容的主要文献资料) [1] Baugh, . & Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language [M]. Peking: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001. [2] Eckersley, . Brighter English [M]. London: Longman, 1979. [3] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Mac Millan Education, 1985. [4] Hornby, . Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English [Z]. London: Oxford University, 1974. [5] Knowles, G. A Cultural History of the English Language [M]. .: A Hodder Arnold Publication, 1997. [6] Lott, B. A Course in English Language and Literature [M]. .: Edward Arnold, 1989. [7] Lyons, J. Language and Linguistics [M]. London: Longman, 1981. [8] Wales, K. Northern English: A Social and Cultural History [M]. London: Cambridge University Press, 2006. [9] Wu Weizen. History and Anthology of English Literature [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001. [10] Yang Yanhua & Zhang Shufan. Modern English Lexicology [M]. Peking: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2007. [11] 陈永烨.“英汉颜色词所表现的中西文化差异” [J].《辽宁工程技术大学学报》，2005，(7). [12] 戴炜栋,何兆熊.《新编简明英语语言学教程》[A].上海:上海外语出版社,2002. [13] 邓炎昌，刘润清.《语言与文化》[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社，1991. [14] 蒋栋元.“论颜色及颜色词的文化差异” [J]. 《四川外语学院学报》，2002，(3). [15] 唐振华.“英汉颜色词的翻译” [J].《中国科技翻译》，1997，(2). 指导教师意见:(对课题的认可意见) 指导教师 年 月 日 系(教研室)审查意见: 系(教研室)主任: 年 月 日