七月的尾巴
English is the Civil Engineering Civil Engineering, civil engineering is literally, it is the construction of the project collectively. It means building objects that the construction on the ground, underground, water works facilities, equipment and materials to use in surveying, design construction, maintenance, repair and other professional skills. Civil Engineering with the progress of the human society, has been transformed into large integrated disciplines, it has a number of branches, such as : construction, rail projects, road projects, bridge projects, special project structure, water drainage works, the port project, water, environmental engineering disciplines. A total of six professional Civil Engineering : architecture, urban planning, civil engineering, construction and environmental engineering equipment, water drainage works and road bridge Engineering as an important foundation subjects, its important attribute : an integrated, social, practicality, uniformity. Civil Engineering for the development of the national economy and improve the living standards of the people provided important material and technological foundation for the revitalization of many industries played a catalytic role in the construction of fixed assets is a basic production process, the construction and real estate in many countries and regions become a pillar of the economyAncient Civil Engineering has a long time span, roughly 500 years before Christ from the original date in civil engineering activities to the 16 century Italian Renaissance, resulting in the rapid development of the Civil Engineering on the road today, and has experienced more than 2,000 years. During this period, due to the development of scientific theories and slow, there is no breakthrough in civil engineering from 17 pages to 40 years in the 20th century end of the Second World War 300 years, foreign construction made great strides. Civil Engineering has entered a phase of quantitative analysis. Some theoretical development, the emergence of new materials, new tools of invention, the Civil Engineering Science is perfection and maturity. In modern times, after the end of World War II, many countries economic takeoff, the increasing advances of modern science, so as to provide a powerful impetus to further development and material basis. People's living conditions continue to improve, more and more comfortable living environment for the inevitable in the circumstances, the construction of development directly to the Civil Engineering development. 土木工程的英文是Civil Engineering ,直译是民用工程,它是建造各种工程的统称。它既指建设的对象,即建造在地上,地下,水中的工程设施,也指应用的材料设备和进行的勘测,设计施工,保养,维修等专业技术。土木工程随着人类社会的进步而发展,至今已经演变成为大型综合性的学科,它已经出许多分支,如:建筑工程,铁路工程,道路工程,桥梁工程,特种工程结构,给水排水工程,港口工程,水利工程,环境工程等学科。土木工程共有六个专业:建筑学,城市规划,土木工程,建筑环境与设备工程,给水排水工程和道路桥梁工程。土木工程作为一个重要的基础学科,有其重要的属性:综合性,社会性,实践性,统一性。土木工程为国民经济的发展和人民生活的改善提供了重要的物质技术基础,对众多产业的振兴发挥了促进作用,工程建设是形成固定资产的基本生产过程,因此,建筑业和房地产成为许多国家和地区的经济支柱之一。.古代的土木工程有很长的时间跨度,大致从公元前500年新石器时代出现原始的土木工程活动到16世纪末意大利的文艺复兴,导致土木工程走上迅速发展的道路为止,前后经历了两千多年。在这段时间内,由于科学理论发展及其缓慢,土木工程也没有突破习惯的发展。从17世纪中页开始到20 世纪40年代第二次世界大战结束为止的300年间,国外的建筑取得了长足的进步。土木工程进入了定量分析阶段。一些理论的发展,新材料的出现,新工具的发明,都使土木工程科学日渐完善和成熟。到了近代,二战结束之后,许多国家经济起飞,现代科学日益进步,从而为进一步发展提供了强大的动力和物质基础。人们生活水平的不断提高,必然要求越来越舒适的居住环境,在这种情况下,建筑的发展直接推动了土木工程的发展。总的来说土木工程是一门古老的学科,它已经取得了巨大的成就,未来的土木工程将在人们的生活中占据更重要的地位。地球环境的日益恶化,人口的不断增加,人们为了争取生存,为了争取更舒适的生存环境,必将更加重视土木工程。在不久的将来,一些重大项目将会陆续兴建,插入云霄的摩天大楼,横跨大样的桥梁,更加方便的交通将不是梦想。科技的发展,以及地球不断恶化的环境必将促使土木工程向太空和海洋发展,为人类提供更广阔的生存空间。近年来,工程材料主要是钢筋,混凝土,木材和砖材,在未来,传统材料将得到改观,一些全新的更加适合建筑的材料将问世,尤其是化学合成材料将推动建筑走向更高点。同时,设计方法的精确化,设计工作的自动化,信息和智能话技术的全面引入,将会是人们有一个更加舒适的居住环境。一句话,理论的发展,新材料的出现,计算机的应用,高新技术的引入等都将使土木工程有一个新的飞跃.
vicki瑶瑶
金融学专科学生必读撰写调查报告、毕业论文指南集中实践环节教学工作是广播电视大学教学过程管理的重要环节。财经类集中实践性教学环节包括社会调查和毕业论文两项主要内容。集中实践环节不得免修。财经系各个专业专科集中实践环节的指导工作现已开始,为落实人才培养模式改革的目标,确保该项工作有序、准时、高质、高效地完成,特编写《金融学专科学生撰写调查报告、毕业论文指南》材料,供学生认真学习,严格遵守。现将各环节具体要求规定如下:调查报告每位学生必须在撰写毕业论文前参加社会调查活动,并撰写出具有一定价值的社会调查报告。调查报告最好反映工作单位的情况(尚未工作的同学要以本地区企业为调查对象)。调查报告开头要介绍调查的时间、地点、调查的对象、调查的内容。正文用一级标题注明以下几部分:一、某单位的概况;二、经营管理特点;三、存在问题;四、思考与建议。调查报告必须在3000字以上,交电子文档和打印材料各一份。调查报告不准写成小论文,也不能写成报告文学、通讯报道。必须是一个金融机构的真实情况的反映,要用事实、数据说话。调查报告不需要目录、摘要、关键词、脚注、参考文献等。其打印格式与毕业论文的要求一致。调查报告要在封面加盖被调查单位的公章(定稿后再盖章)。写作提纲写作提纲是学生在正式开始写作论文之前提交给论文指导教师的一份关于选题理由、文章结构及实例分析、个人见解的报告。要用一级标题注明四个部分的内容。具体要求如下:一、选题理由部分,要介绍自己的学习、工作经历与背景;说明该选题的意义、研究价值、实际作用 等等。二、文章结构部分,要求学生写清楚整个论文的基本观点,这些观点必须逻辑清楚、合理。学生结合自己的基本观点写清楚整个论文的结构。这是学生向指导教师说明自己如何论证观点的一个部分。例如学生要写清楚整篇文章包含那几个部分,第一部分写什么,其中包括几个小部分,每个小部分写什么等等,以此类推。三、实例分析部分,要以本地区实例为主。这一部分非常重要,体现同学分析问题解决问题的能力。四、个人见解部分,是对文章的总结。写作提纲的字数在500字以上。文字方面要求语言流畅、思路清晰,说清楚自己的观点。毕业论文(一)毕业论文选题、内容与字数方面的要求1.撰写毕业论文要避免选择已经完全得到解决的常识性问题作为论题。论文选题必须是本专业方面的研究题目,必须有明确的研究方向(不能是调查报告、工作研究、工作总结)。2.毕业论文应做到观点新颖明确、材料详实有力、结构完整严谨、语言通顺、格式规范。毕业论文应由学生本人在指导教师的指导下独立完成,杜绝一切抄袭、剽窃行为。3.专科论文字数在4000字以上。(二)关于论文的修改与定稿1.毕业论文初稿要认真修改。2.论文的最后定稿应是封面填写准确、装订规范(论文夹、封面、写作提纲、目录、摘要、关键词、正文、参考文献八项)、字体符合要求的文章。(三)相关记录表格的填写与论文指导、答辩相关的表格(包括论文指导记录表、答辩情况记录等),应填写清楚、不得空项。交第一稿之前学生要在班主任处领取论文夹。按指导记录得要求进行修改,每次交稿时应带前次指导记录。(四)、论文用纸、装订、打印份数与字体要求1.论文用张一律为A4纸,左侧装订。2.定稿后文字稿一式3份。3.字体要求(1)封面主标题(3#字黑体,粗体,居中);副标题(4#字黑体,居中)封面学生姓名等内容居中,文字楷体小四号字加粗,详细内容见附表。(2)写作提纲主标题(3#字黑体,粗体,居中);副标题(4#字黑体,居中)内容宋体小4#字(2)论文目录目 录摘要 、关键词 …………… 1正文 [目录要深入到二级标题层次] …………… 2参考文献 …………… 10(3)论文正文主标题3#字黑体,粗体,居中 副标题4#字黑体,居中署名(楷体小4#字)(之后空一行)〖摘要〗:概括论文主要观点,200字以上,楷体五号字。〖关键词〗:(3—5个,楷体五号字)(之后空二行)论文正文(论文内各标题4#黑体,其他宋体小4#字)(之后空几行)参考文献:(不得少于3篇,宋体小5#字,要注明何人所著何时何社出版)四、进度安排 2006年3月15日前交第一稿(交调查报告和论文。论文包括论文夹、封面、写作提纲、目录、摘要、关键词、正文、参考文献八项)。3月31日为第一稿的最后截止日期。此后不再接收04秋金融学专科学生论文的第一稿。 2006年3月15日-5月20 日为论文指导过程,师生之间要进行3次以上的面对面的交流与指导。直至论文达到前述要求。 2006年5月31日前学生要在完成论文修改之后将规定的资料交给指导教师(包括:调查报告和论文。论文包括论文夹、封面、开题报告、目录、摘要、关键词、正文、参考文献八项)。 2006年6-7月为专科科论文答辩时间。每位学生必须参加毕业答辩。毕业答辩的具体时间另行通知。大连电大财经系2005年12月附:论文、调查报告封面样本利率市场化后企业投融资策略的调整学生姓名:学 号:入学时间: 年 季专 业:直属/分校:指导教师:大连广播电视大学2006年5月
mujiontheway
论文写作,先不说内容,首先格式要正确,=========现在的论文,只要是原创都要收费,一篇完整的论文,题目,摘要(中英文),=========商业社会也没办法谁愿意免费给你写论文目录,正文(引言,正文,结语),致谢,=========你在这问也没用,我去年的论文找参考文献。规定的格式,字体,段落,页眉=========【4930页脚,开始写之前,都得清楚的,你的论文=============92524写的】算是写好了五分之一。然后,选题,你的题==================质量还不错,你可以去看下目时间宽裕,那就好好考虑,选一个你思考最成熟的,可以比较多的阅读相关的参考文献,从里面获得思路,确定一个模板性质的东西,照着来,写出自己的东西。如果时间紧急,那就随便找一个参考文献,然后用和这个参考文献相关的文献,拼出一篇,再改改。正文,语言必须是学术的语言。一定先列好提纲,这就是框定每一部分些什么,保证内容不乱
小妮子乖乖81
因为我也很忙,以上简单处理了一下。你如果还能看懂英语的话,把上面所译的语法,词等再修改两遍,一般没问题了。China is a special probation in the penal system, but also an important human rights system, which embodies China's Criminal Law of combining punishment with leniency, punishment and the principle of combining education; for the education and rehabilitation of criminals and maintain social stability, protection of human rights have a positive significance to the implementation of China's criminal law plays an important role. Master and correct use of probation, and constantly improve the probation system will become China's judicial practice in a major topic. Were suspended sentence and probation is to implement the substantive stage, but also suspended for the realization of the value of the process, not only to enforce probation, the probation should pay attention to the implementation of the study and exploration. China's criminal law reference probation system in the world, with the legislation in light of China's actual conditions, ease the implementation of the system used, the world is now more prevalent in the legislature suspended the narrow suspended for a stay of execution of that penalty system. China's Criminal Law in the implementation of the relief system is accompanied by certain conditions of the stay of execution of sentence or not to implement the original ruling of a penalty system means that the people's court is sentenced to detention, three years of imprisonment criminals, not the implementation that the original verdict penalties, indeed no longer a danger to society, to a certain test period, a stay of execution of the original verdict penalty system. China's probation system is the building of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the criminal justice system an important component part. Clearly the meaning of our probation system, so it is the correct application of our probation system an important foundation. With the gradual improvement of system of probation, suspended applicable conditions will be more scientific and rational, will be suspended for more robust implementation of norms, our cause will be suspended for the development of a more fully suspended for the value of the Penal Code would also be a greater realization. I believe that there will be more offenders are given the opportunity of probation, a fresh start in life opportunities. Suspended as a penalty for the implementation of the system in the world penalty has an important place in history. In theory, the system has the following advantages: short-term elimination of the drawbacks of free punishment, in line with the principle of economic penalties, but also more in line with the humanitarian spirit. As a result, the probation system in China is relatively important, but because the established late, and in other countries, lack of absorption of advanced achievements, constraints of the probation system perfected and developed. Modern criminal probation system is an important content of the policy is commonly adopted in the various countries in the world an execution system. It is criminal to avoid the drawbacks of short-term to help the offender to the community and save the country's economic expenditures such as a number of advantages, in the general and special precautions to prevent both played an important role. Execution as a humanitarian manner, suspended the execution of economic and social lightest punishment and the principle has saved a large number of perpetrators. Due to the impact of the traditional heavy sentences, China's probation system remaining in the legislative and judicial shortcomings, these deficiencies greatly diminishes the value of probation. Therefore, China's probation system needs improvement.
Times New Roman 字体,1.5倍行距,首行缩进2字符,
加我qq,这个我有,q见图片
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