中美饮食文化论文答辩ppt

Eastern Food Vs. Western FoodWhat's the Difference?written by Kieran LampertWhen asked if they have ever eaten Chinese food before, most Americans will tell you that they have. Maybe one of their favorite places to eat in their hometown is "The Golden Wok," or "China Gate," or some other equally generic Chinese fast food joint. Truth be told, this is not Chinese food. It's not American either, for that matter, but somewhere in between. In actuality, authentic Chinese food is much different from what most Westerners would Chinese dishes use a generous amount of oil. On first experiencing an authentic Chinese dish, most Westerners will not be able to finish the entire meal due to the sheer weight of it. Most Americans are used to pasta, salad, or dried foods like bread and cereal, such as is popular in European countries like France and Italy. Oil is used sparingly due to constant health reminders from Western dietitions. As a result, the dishes tend to be much lighter on the stomach. In Taiwan, however, a meal without oil is like a BLT without , in Taiwan, culture and philosophy are often mixed with food. Even within a meal there is a certain aspect of "yin" and "yang," a balance of forces. Foods are considered to have "hot" and "cold" properties, and foods of both types are often served together in balanced proportions to maintain your health. For example, a common dessert is a cake combining red bean, a "hot" food, with green bean, a "cold" food. By combining these two foods, the dish is considered to be well , rice is extremely prominent in Chinese meals. Most Americans, however, will mix their food with their rice and eat the two together, but this is not the way Chinese traditionally eat their meal. The other foods are eatern first, using the rice as a sort of "drop cloth" if you will. The sauces from the food fall onto the rice, flavoring it, and after it has been flavored the rice is is hard to say exactly what "American" food is. Unlike Eastern foods, which have a distinct culture and identity, American foods are simply foods taken from other countries. Some have called America the "melting pot of the world" in regards to the fact that there are people from so many backgrounds living there, mixing cultures and "melting" together to create something new and indescribable. I suppose the same can be said about American food as well. Quite possibly the only thing America has added to the world of food is not really a food at all, but rather a way of serving it; fast food. As usual, Americans make the point that "if someone else does something, we can do it faster and make money off of it." It seems like nowadays there are few, if any, countries without a McDonalds, Burger King or KFC. Though it is not something I'm terribly proud of, I suppose it is the only "food" I can claim as purely is better? Chinese food, with its culture, philosophy, clear identity, and generous use of oil? Or the wide variety of nameless, countryless, light-on-the-stomach "American" food?YOU decide. There's a world of food out there. Bon Appetite!******************************************************************The Differences Between Western And Asian CuisineEuropean and American cuisines typically fall under the category of Western food, although, at times, Western cooking also includes meals of other countries in Oceania like Australia. And what do food lovers instantly think about when they hear Western food? Steaks, burgers, huge servings of fries, sausages, and ribs are just are usual characteristics that differentiate Western food from other cuisines. First is the quantity of the serving. Compared with the traditional Asian cuisine, serving size of Western cuisine is essentially bigger. What is considered “jumbo” or super size in Asian food is only a regular size in Western cuisine. That’s generally speaking, of Western cooking, meat is also used in huge proportions. If in Asian cooking, meat is only part and parcel of the meal, in Western cooking, meat is the main star. Think of steaks. Thick slabs of meat are the main star of the meal. There are other players on the plate, such as mashed potato and steamed vegetables, but the meat is the only reason why the plate is readied in the first use of rice also differentiates Western from Eastern cooking. In Western cuisine, rice is rarely served and is only treated a side dish, usually to an Eastern-inspired Western food. Rice is given a similar treatment like that of steamed greens, steamed vegetables, mashed potatoes, fries and corn on the cob. In contrast, Asian meal is not complete without rice. It is a staple. Noodles can be a take the place of rice although both rice and noodles can be presented in a meal at the same just like Asian cooking, Western food also puts great emphasis on the use of condiments and seasonings. You can find catsup, mustard, gravy, and other sauces and condiments easily available in eateries specialising in Western Singapore, Western foods are now everywhere unlike before. Fast food restaurants serving Western food are now easy to come by. Western foods are also typically found in hawker centres, or al fresco complexes that house food stalls, so you can have access to a burger or fries should you crave for great thing about dining is that the confluence of cultural orientations has made it possible for Westerners to find Asian cooking satisfying and for Asians to find Western food a big treat. This inter-relation of tastes and preferences has given more dining establishments sufficient reason to present both kinds of meals. Thus, where west meets east, you can definitely find great food.

1、自己为什么选择这个课题？2、研究这个课题的意义和目的是什么？3、全文的基本框架、基本结构是如何安排的？4、全文的各部分之间逻辑关系如何？5、在研究本课题的过程中，发现了那些不同见解？对这些不同的意见，自己是怎样逐步认识的？又是如何处理的？6、论文虽未论及，但与其较密切相关的问题还有哪些？7、还有哪些问题自己还没有搞清楚，在论文中论述得不够透彻？8、写作论文时立论的主要依据是什么？ 对以上问题应仔细想一想，必要时要用笔记整理出来，写成发言提纲，在答辩时用。这样才能做到有备无患，临阵不慌。二、答辩技巧 学生首先要介绍一下论文的概要，这就是所谓“自述报告”，须强调一点的是“自述”而不是“自读”。这里重要的技巧是必须注意不能照本宣读，把报告变成了“读书”。“照本宣读”是第一大忌。这一部分的内容可包括写作动机、缘由、研究方向、选题比较、研究范围、围绕这一论题的最新研究成果、自己在论文中的新见解、新的理解或新的突破。做到概括简要，言简意赅。不能占用过多时间，一般以十分钟为限。所谓“削繁去冗留清被，画到无时是熟时”，就是说，尽量做到词约旨丰，一语中的。要突出重点，把自己的最大收获、最深体会、最精华与最富特色的部分表述出来。这里要注意一忌主题不明；二忌内容空泛，东拉西扯；三忌平平淡淡，没有重点。 在答辩时，学生要注意仪态与风度，这是进入人们感受渠道的第一信号。如果答辩者能在最初的两分种内以良好的仪态和风度体现出良好的形象，就有了一个良好的开端。有人将人的体态分解为最小单位来研究（如头、肩、胸、脊、腰等）认为凹胸显现怯懦、自卑，挺胸显示情绪高昂—但过分则为傲慢自负；肩手颈正显示正直、刚强，脊背挺拔体现严肃而充满自信。但过于如此，就会被人看作拘泥刻板保守，略为弯腰有度，稍稍欠身可表示谦虚礼貌。孙中山先生曾说过“其所具风度姿态，即使全场有肃然起敬之心，举动格式又须使听者有安静详和之气”他的这番金玉良言，对我们确实有很大的启发。在听取教师提问时所要掌握的技巧要领是：沉着冷静，边听边记精神集中，认真思考既要自信，又要虚心实事求是，绝不勉强听准听清，听懂听明 在回答问题时所要掌握的技巧是构思时要求每个问题所要答的“中心”“症结”“关健”在哪里？从哪一个角度去回答问题最好？应举什么例子来证明？回答问题的内容实质上是一段有组织的“口头作文”。这就要一、文章应有论点、论据。二、有开头主体与结尾。三、有条理、有层次。四、应用词确当，语言流畅。五、应口齿清楚、语速适度。开头要简洁：单刀直入，是最好的开头，开门见山地表述观点，在答辩中是最好的办法。主体部份的表述可条分缕析，即把所要回答的内容逐条归纳分析，实际上是对自己掌握的材料由此及彼，由表及里地做整理。这样的表述就不会流于表面，而能深入本质。条分缕析可以把自己掌握的一些实际例子合并，整理成若干条目，列成几个小标题：分成几点，一点一点，一条一条地说出。满碗的饭必须一口一口吃，满肚子的道理也必须一条一条讲出来，环环相扣，条条相连，令人听完后有清楚的印象。假如在准备的时候已经准备了一个较完整的提纲，那么沿着回答问题的主线，再穿上一些玉珠（举例子）就可以做到中心明确，条理清楚，有理有例了。 作为将要参加论文答辩同学，首先而且必须对自己所著的毕业论文内容有比较深刻理解和比较全面的熟悉。这是为回答毕业论文答辩委员会成员就有关毕业论文的深度及相关知识面而可能提出的论文答辩问题所做的准备。所谓“深刻的理解”是对毕业论文有横向的把握。例如题为《创建名牌产品发展民族产业》的论文，毕业论文答辩委员会可能会问“民族品牌”与“名牌”有何关系。尽管毕业论文中未必涉及“民族品牌”，但参加论文答辩的学生必须对自己的毕业论文有“比较全面的熟悉”和“比较深刻的理解”，否则，就会出现尴尬局面。二、论文答辩——图表穿插 任何毕业论文，无论是文科还是理科都或多或少地涉及到用图表表达论文观点的可能，故我认为应该有此准备。图表不仅是一种直观的表达观点的方法，更是一种调节论文答辩会气氛的手段，特别是对私人论文答辩委员会成员来讲，长时间地听述，听觉难免会有排斥性，不再对你论述的内容接纳吸收，这样，必然对你的毕业论文答辩成绩有所影响。所以，应该在论文答辩过程中适当穿插图表或类似图表的其它媒介以提高你的论文答辩成绩。三、论文答辩——语流适中 进行毕业论文答辩的同学一般都是首次。无数事实证明，他们论文答辩时，说话速度往往越来越快，以致毕业答辩委员会成员听不清楚，影响了毕业答辩成绩。故毕业答辩学生一定要注意在论文答辩过程中的语流速度，要有急有缓，有轻有重，不能像连珠炮似地轰向听众。四、论文答辩——目光移动 毕业生在论文答辩时，一般可脱稿，也可半脱稿，也可完全不脱稿。但不管哪种方式，都应注意自己的目光，使目光时常地瞟向论文答辩委员会成员及会场上的同学们。这是你用目光与听众进行心灵的交流，使听众对你的论题产生兴趣的一种手段。在毕业论文答辩会上，由于听的时间过长，委员们难免会有分神现象，这时，你用目光的投射会很礼貌地将他们的神“拉”回来，使委员们的思路跟着你的思路走。五、论文答辩——体态语辅助 虽然毕业论文答辩同其它论文答辩一样以口语为主，但适当的体态语运用会辅助你的论文答辩，使你的论文答辩效果更好。特别是手势语言的恰当运用会显得自信、有力、不容辩驳。相反，如果你在论文答辩过程中始终直挺挺地站着，或者始终如一地低头俯视，即使你的论文结构再合理、主题再新颖，结论再正确，论文答辩效果也会大受影响。所以在毕业论文答辩时，一定要注意使用体态语。六、论文答辩——时间控制 一般在比较正规的论文答辩会上，都对辩手有答辩时间要求，因此，毕业论文答辩学生在进行论文答辩时应重视论文答辩时间的掌握。对论文答辩时间的控制要有力度，到该截止的时间立即结束，这样，显得有准备，对内容的掌握和控制也轻车熟路，容易给毕业论文答辩委员会成员一个良好的印象。故在毕业论文答辩前应该对将要答辩的内容有时间上的估计。当然在毕业论文答辩过程中灵活地减少或增加也是对论文答辩时间控制的一种表现，应该重视。七、论文答辩——紧扣主题 在校园中进行毕业论文答辩，往往辩手较多，因此，对于毕业论文答辩委员会成员来说，他们不可能对每一位的毕业论文内容有全面的了解，有的甚至连毕业论文题目也不一定熟悉。因此，在整个论文答辩过程中能否围绕主题进行，能否最后扣题就显得非常重要了。另外，委员们一般也容易就论文题目所涉及的问题进行提问，如界能自始至终地以论文题目为中心展开论述就会使评委思维明朗，对你的毕业论文给予肯定。八、论文答辩——人称使用 在毕业论文答辩过程中必然涉及到人称使用问题，我建议尽量多地使用第一人称，如“我”“我们”即使论文中的材料是引用他人的，用“我们引用”了哪儿哪儿的数据或材料，特别是毕业论文大多是称自己作的，所以要更多使用而且是果断地、大胆地使用第一人称“我”和“我们”。如果是这样，会使人有这样的印象：东西是你的，工作做了不少！

中式菜名译成英文后，是否失去了中国色彩。如一些相当具有中国特色的菜“鲤鱼跳龙门”、“东坡肘子”等，这些如何翻译呢，那译过来后，外国人又能否理解到中国这些菜中的含义呢