有关于整形外科的英语论文

Views on plastic surgeryHuman desire to appear attractive is universal; it's permeating throughout history and in all parts of the world. Both men and women have gone to great lengths to beautify themselves. Plastic surgery is a social issue that people talk about since the millennium. Each day at the shopping mall, food store or gas station, you might find people with their unnatural facial features; it is often very obvious you can tell right away that it must have been done by a plastic surgeon. Infuriatingly, some outcomes of surgery make people uglier than before, and regrettably it is be too late, and some has to face the consequences of potential complications. Indeed, most pay a lot of money to allow others to torture their bodies to get rid of body fat. Although there are other ways to fix what they think is a big problem, as an alternative some of them are seeking the quick fix to improve their appearance. Unfortunately, a number of patients died because of medical malfunction; this is a social issue in the new century that cannot be ignored. Traditionally, women go for surgery mostly for a younger look; the face lift was the most common and non-fatal surgery decades ago. Recently, more and more woman and man change their body by gastric bypass, liposuction, and collagen or botox injections. Some surgeons are non-licensed, using advertising to attract those that want to change their body studies on the relationship of a person self perception and other perception of their appearance have found that a person who is deemed to be beautiful is seen as being more personable, sincere, kind and strong than others. Why? The question of why women undergo unnecessary surgery to make their bodies more pleasing may help us to understand the nature of body dissatisfaction in women. With this in mind, you can see just how important it is to be found attractive, especially for a woman. There are a number of cosmetic surgery procedures that men and women can choose from in order to create an image that makes them feel more confident and comfortable with their appearance. Eight percent were African-American in 1998, up from four percent in 1992; eight percent are Hispanic, up from five percent; and four percent are Asian, up from three percent. We, as humans, strive for a perfect bodily image that we believe is a symbol of attractiveness. We push ourselves to the extreme in order to survive. The top three cosmetic surgeries for 1999 included liposuction, breast augmentation, and eyelid surgery. Although health insurance rarely covers the cost of cosmetic procedures, the number of individuals deciding to undergo cosmetic plastic surgery continues to grow. Consequently, weight issues begin to take a toll on how young girls perceive themselves. Being less attractive is a disadvantage for women's careers and in this time of two-income families women must work even harder on their appearances. Age, race, gender, occupation and status are all influences to those who undergo cosmetic surgery. The percentage of "seniors" aged 65 and over who are choosing to have cosmetic surgery increased from six percent (26,426 procedures) in 1992 to nine percent (90,911 procedures) in 1998. However, the average model is 5'11" and weighs only 117 pounds.

1楼和三楼是用GOOLE翻译的，2楼是用金山翻译的。

软组织肿瘤细胞学：软组织肿瘤细胞学分类 马诺库马尔，乔德户瑞 印度，西孟加拉邦，班库拉，学校院，病理科 根据现有的医学水平，任何疾病随时都在发生变化，以软组织肿瘤为例，世界卫生组织软细胞肿瘤科目首次于1969年出版，并于1994年和2002年做了两次修订。以下是发生在最近科目的一些主要变化: [1],[2] 成纤维细胞肿瘤/所谓纤维组织细胞性肿瘤：这科目最明显的变化是恶性纤维组织细胞肿瘤失去它的作用，并转移为未分化多形性肉瘤，粘液纤维组织细胞肿瘤已经转化为粘液纤维肉瘤，这也就是最常见的软组织肉瘤晚期。平滑肌肿瘤和骨骼肌肿瘤：在这块没有很明显的变化。脂肪细胞肿瘤：好难啊，明天再回来

软薄的纱织品肿瘤的细胞学: 软薄的纱织品肿瘤的 Cytological 分类Manoj Kumar Choudhuri病理学部, B S 医生学院、 Bankura 、西的孟加拉, 印度仰赖存在知识，任何疾病的分类时常改变, 如同用软的薄纱织品肿瘤是情形。 软薄的纱织品肿瘤的世界卫生组织分类首先在 1969 年被出版而且在 1994 和 2002 年被校订两次。 下列各项是已经在最新分类方面发生的一些主要变化: [1],[2]纤维母细胞的肿瘤 / 所谓的 fibrohistiocytic 肿瘤 : 在这一个小组方面的醒目改变是有恶意的纤维 histiocytoma 已经遗失它的光荣而且已经被命令撤离到一 "相同 pleomorphic 肉瘤 ." Myxoid 纤维的 histiocytoma 已经与 " myxofibrosarcoma",表现年老的个体中最通常的软薄纱织品肉瘤一起代替。 使肌肉肿瘤和骨骼的肌肉肿瘤光滑 : 已经没有明显的改变在这一个小组中。 Adipocytic 肿瘤 : 区别良好的 liposarcoma 没有有恶意的潜能,因此，当肿瘤在极端和另外外科上听从的位置出现的时候， " 不合型 lipomatous 肿瘤 " 是优先的期限。 然而,期限, " 区别良好的 liposarcoma" 为在 retroperitoneum 和 mediastinum 中出现的肿瘤被保留。 不完全的切除术缺乏 dedifferentiation 甚至造成当地的再现。 Myolipoma 和 chondroid lipoma 是被包含在最近的分类之中的二个新的实体。 Pericytic 肿瘤 : 当 hemangiopericytomas 与 " 孤独的纤维肿瘤 " 没有差别的时候，一些肿瘤先前分类。 然而， sinonasal hemangiopericytomas 似乎真正是 pericytic 损害。 大群体的 pericytic/ perivascular 肿瘤已经被当做 " myopericytomas" 重新命名. 脉管的肿瘤 : 纱锭细胞 haemangioendotheliomas 已经被当做 "纱锭细胞 hemangiomas." 重新命名 我们全部感激热望仰赖式样承认的好针的诊断。 因此, cytological 肿瘤以主要的式样为基础的软薄的纱织品的分类。 Immunocytochemistry 为损害的较进一步的编目方法已经逐渐地被用于最近的过去。 软的薄纱织品肿瘤被进入五个小组 [3] 之内根据他们的 cytological 结果分类: