mba论文英文文献

Sustainable Development and Institutional Innovation in Privately-owned Small and edium-sized Businesses YANG Da-kai, MIAO Xue-feng ( School of International Investment, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433 , P. R. China) Abstract: Privately-owned small and medium-sized businesses are the main body in private-owned businesses in China and an e-merging group with special characteristics, and its state of development has a direct impact on the overall competitiveness of the Chinese economy in the future. By calculating first-order and second-order derivatives of production function to institution function and analyzing the results, it is indicated that institutional factor has a deep impact on the operation and development of privately-owned small and medium-sized businesses, and that improvement in institutional environment will greatly improve their production and operation. For this reason, the strategic path arrangement for institutional inno-vation in privately-owned small and medium-sized businesses in China is: cultivating entrepreneurship, carrying out property right innovation, perfecting operating mechanism of enterprises, and improving the external institutional envi-ronment for enterprise operation. Key words: privately-owned small and medium-sized business; family system; entrepreneur; governing structure; institutional innovation我国经济体制改革的主线和目标是建立和完善社会主义市场经济体制。市场经济的基本制度是所有制主体和利益主体的多元化,这一基本制度使我国民营经济得到了很大的发展,并日益成为我国国民经济的重要组成部分。民营中小企业是民营企业的主体,它与国有大中型企业、国有中小型企业、民营大企业都有着很大的区别,是一个具有特殊表征的新兴群体。一个已经被普遍认同的观点是,民营中小企业的发展状况将直接影响到我国经济未来的整体竞争力。Our country economic restructuring's master line and the goal are the establishment and the consummation socialist market economic system. Market economy's basic system is the system of ownership main body and the benefit main body multiplication, this basic system enabled our country privately operated economy to obtain the very big development, and became our country national economy day by day the important component. The privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise is Private enterprise's main body, it with the state-owned Large and middle scale Enterprises, the state-owned Small and medium-sized enterprise, the privately operated big enterprise has the very big difference, is one has the special attribute emerging community. One already by general acceptance's viewpoint was, privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise development condition immediate influence to our country economy future overall competitive power. 无论在我国还是在发达的工业化国家,家族式民营中小企业的存在和发展都与一定的历史阶段、社会发展状况、社会文化特征密切相关。家族企业作为现代市场经济中企业生态群体的母体和重要的企业组织形态,其治理结构优劣并存;全盘否定民营中小企业的家族治理模式,就等于推翻了当前我国民营经济的基础,这是不可取的。民营中小企业内部治理结构的演变有一个特定的历史过程,根据其发展阶段采用相应的治理结构,才能使其生命力不断延伸,而现代企业制度并不适合我国大多数民营中小企业的现实状况。Regardless in our country in the developed industrialized country, the family type privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise's existence and the development with certain historical stage, the social development condition, the social culture characteristic closely is related. The Family firm takes in the modern market economy the enterprise ecology community's parent substance and the important enterprise organizes the shape, its management structure fit and unfit quality coexisting; The total repudiation privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise's family governs the pattern, was equal to that has overthrown the current our country privately operated economy foundation, this is cannot take. The privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise interior management structure's evolution has a specific historical process, uses the corresponding management structure according to its development phase, can cause its vitality to extend unceasingly, but the modern enterprise system does not suit our country Majority Privately operated Small and medium-sized enterprises the realistic conditions. 培育企业家精神。由于企业家的素质决定了我国广大中小民营企业的素质和发展,因而民营中小企业制度创新中最重要的就是企业家自身的创新。企业家创新的途径有三个:第一,加强对企业家的人力资本投资。企业家可以通过系统学习先进的管理知识来提升自己的经营、管理能力,如主动参加培训、进修MBA、自我学习等。第二,坚持“干中学”,不断地用科学的方法归纳总结自己的经验和教训,从实践中体会、感悟企业经营管理之道。第三,适时引进职业经理人。民营中小企业家可在时机成熟时引进职业经理人,给予其一定的资本所有权,自己则保留控制权和剩余索取权。cultivates the entrepreneurial spirit. Because entrepreneur's quality has decided our country general small Private enterprise's quality and the development, thus in the privately operated small and medium-sized enterprise institutional innovations most important is entrepreneur own innovation. The entrepreneur innovates the way has three: First, strengthens to entrepreneur's human capital investment. The entrepreneur may promote own management, the managed capacity through the system study advanced management knowledge, like participates in training, to take advanced courses on own initiative MBA, the self-study and so on. Second, insisted that “does the middle school”, summarizes own experience and the lesson unceasingly with the science method induction, from the practice realized that the feeling becomes aware road of the enterprise management and operation. Third, at the right moment introduces the professional manager. The privately operated young entrepreneur may introduce the professional manager when the time is ripe, gives its certain right of capital property ownership, then oneself retention domination and surplus claim power.

有英文的,没有翻译的,要不?

一、MBA学位论文写作规范的要求：1、MBA研究生在选定导师后，应及时与导师商定论文题目，应早开始收集和积累资料，开展调查研究。论文写作一般在课程结束后，时间最短为半年。2、为了提高论文质量，充分发挥论文工作在MBA教育中的作用，根据《西安电子大学工商管理硕士(MBA)培养方案》中对论文工作的要求，特制定本规范要求。3、MBA学位论文选题应突出实用性，要在自己调查研究的基础上，紧密结合工作单位的实际需要或经济改革与发展中的某一具体问题，在导师指导下确定论文题目。4、论文题目确定后，要写出开题论证报告，并在MBA中心组织的开题论证会上，听取其他老师和MBA研究生的意见和建议，修改完善论文写作方案。开题论证是MBA中心组织的学术活动，各位导师应精心组织，MBA研究生应积极参加。5、在论文写作中应综合运用所学知识，培养调查研究、分析问题和解决问题的能力。论文所得结论应对解决实际管理问题有指导意义和参考价值。6、论文形式可以是专题研究报告，也可以是高质量的调查研究报告、企业诊断报告或管理案例。论文必须逻辑清楚，结构合理，文字通顺流畅，字数在万字以上。7、MBA论文的评价标准注重考查MBA研究生综合应用所学知识分析解决实际问题的能力，应在理论或方法上有新的见解，或对解决实际管理问题有实用价值。8、论文初稿完成后，必须经导师仔细批阅，提出修改意见。研究生要根据导师要求认真进行补充调查和修改。二、MBA学位论文的规范格式具体要求是：1.论文封面请用学校最新规定的统一格式，字体大小，间距等不得改变;论文封面纸张一律使用白色铜版纸。论文题目用宋体3号居中;作者姓名、指导教师、学科专业和所在学院用宋体4号居中;提交日期用宋体小3号居中，日期用阿拉伯数字。2.标题用粗黑体：一级标题三号;二级标题小三号;三级标题四号;其它标题(摘要、Abstract、目录、参考文献、附录、致谢等)三号并且居中。3.正文用宋体小四号，行距倍。4.标题序号标号：一级标号：1 2 3 ……二级标号： ……三级标号： ……注意：正文中所有标题居左对齐，目录中下一级标题缩进一格。5.图表标号：图 图 图 图 ……(标在图下方，居中，字体用宋体5号)表 表 表 表 ……(标在表上方，居中，字体用宋体5号)特别注意：图表居中;图注、表头与相应的图表绝对不能分页;同一图表尽量不要分页，需跨页时一般排为双面跨单页，需转页时应在续表上方居中注明续表X，表头重复排出;同一页上的不同表格宽度尽量一致;图表中的英文必须译成中文;图表与上下文之间各空一行。6.论文页面上要有页眉和页脚，页眉：左面西安电子科技大学大学MBA学位论文，右面论文题目，用宋体小5号;页脚：正文页脚用阿拉伯数字，居中，小5号字;中、英文摘要页脚用罗马数字，居中，小5号字。7.论文要有中文摘要、中文关键词、英文摘要、英文关键词、目录、正文、参考文献。8.目录包括中文摘要、英文摘要和一、二、三级标题以及其它需要列入的项目(参考文献、附录、致谢等)。9.引用的参考文献统一列示于正文之后，直接引用的文字，数据，表格等应将参考文献序号标注于正文。