农业科技论文汉译英

考虑到上述，我们提出了两个有效的技术设计的一维和二维变量过滤器，这是基于分解的考虑一维和二维变量规模规格[ 3 ， 4 ] 。该技术是非常有效的计算，因为他们只需要设计了一套一维不断逼近几个过滤器和一维多项式。特别是，技术总是能够保证稳定的过滤器所产生的变数。然而，在二维情况下，变量滤波器设计的这种技术的限制只有quadrantally对称程度的特点。这就是说，假设这是给定的二维变量级规格，在那里，是normaliz教育署的频率，是一个真正的价值载体，其内容是光谱参数。技术[ 4 ]只能近似给定的二维变量规模规范的情况。= （ 1 ）绕过这一困难，本文提出了一种新方法设计的二维变量数字滤波器任意规模的特点。换句话说，该技术可以近似二维变量级规格，即使≠ （ 2 ）这项技术是基于分解给出二维变量级的规格，这是不同于中提出[ 4 ] ，而且只需要正常的二维恒定滤波器的设计和一维多项式近似。由于二维不断筛选，比较容易设计运用现有的设计技术和一维多项式可以很容易地逼近求解线性方程组同时，该技术大大简化了原有的二维变量滤波器设计问题。特别是，应该强调的是，这种技术可以保证的稳定造成二维变量过滤器，只要二维恒定的过滤器的目的是稳定的。一个例子说明的效力提出的方法。2 。配方设计问题在本节中，我们制定的问题，设计二维变量数字滤波器任意规模的答复的基础上新提议外产品扩大给予二维变量规模规格。下面，我们先定义一个外部产品扩展，然后与它与二维变量滤波器设计问题。假设这是给定的二维变量级规格，在那里，是正常频率分给我哦谢谢了

现在翻知译公司很多，北京翻译公司更是鱼龙混杂，你要选择这家翻译公司吗？可以的，不过你在选择翻译公司之前，最好从多方面考虑该道公司的资质，希望对你有所帮助！1.翻译质量，可以看下内找的翻译公司有没有和大公司合作案例；2.翻译人数，一般翻译人数比较多的公司，实力都很强厚；3.翻译的资质，看下成立时间以及他们的资质证容书等等。我一般都是找北京译顶科技翻译的。

1. At this point, I suddenly remembered that there was a welfare factory on the route of Bus No. 60 and that the woman might be a deaf mute from there. So I explained it to the male passenger and wrote a note to her;"Excuse me, he want to get off the bus. He have tried to get your attention, but you seemed fail to notice. " She nodded and make the way for then on, I started to pay special attention to features of deaf-mute and even learn some common sign language from them. For isntance, I mastered expressions such as "Hi, friend.""Which is your stop""This way please""Thank you". Therefore, I am able to serve them better, have more communication with them and also decrease the chances of misunderstanding between them and other 、Beihai Park was the imperial garden for emperors of Liao, Jin,。It has a gross areas of Island, the center of the park, perimeter meters, meters high, is built soils moving from the sea in 1179. the White Dagoba on the island, merters high, is bulit in 1651. On the northeast of the island, theres tands a tablet called "Qiongdaochunyin" (Spring Shade of Jade Islet). It is built in 1751 has beautiful scenery around and is one of the eight famous sights in ancient the north shore of the lake are the Five-Dragon Pavilions, built in 1756，Its walls are made of colorful glazed tiles, have nine vivid curled-up dragon on both sides. It reflects the creativity of our labouring people. Iron screen is a cultural relic from Yuan on the domestic resources to achieve self-sufficiency in advance is China's basic guidelines in solving the problems of grain supply and demand . can rely on its own strength to achieve basic food self-sufficiency. ——The potential in scientific and technological , Agricultural science and technology in China,contribute to about 35% of the total agricultural increasing production. But in agriculture developed countries, this ration will be over 60%.The Chinese government has confirmed and is trying to implement to develop the agriculture with the education and science, strive to gradually narrowing the agricultural science and technology gap between China and developed countries in the world. By 2000,contribution rate of scientific and technological to agricultural increases to 50 percent. By 2030, get close to advanced countries,Chinese grain production will have a new scale of power.希望有帮助~

请稍等！！ above into account, we have proposed two efficient techniques for the design of 1-D and 2-D variable filters, which are based on the decomposition of the given 1-D and 2-D variable magnitude specifications [3, 4].请考虑一下，我们假设用两种有效的方法来设计线形（1－D）的和平面（2－D）可变滤波器，这是根据给定的1－D与2－D可变幅度技术条件[3, 4]分解的。The techniques are very computationally efficient because they solely need designing a set of 1-D constant filters and approximating several 1-D polynomials. 由于完全依赖设计一套1－D常量滤波器以及近似于数个1－D多项式，本技术是很有计算效率的。In particular, the techniques can always guarantee the stability of the resulting variable filters. 特别是，本技术始终能够保证可变滤波器结果稳定性。However, in the 2-D case, the variable filters designed by such a technique are constrained to only have quadrantally symmetrical magnitude characteristics. 然而，在平面条件下，用该技术设计的可变滤波器受到约束，仅仅只有象限幅度对称性。That is to say, assume that is the given 2-D variable magnitude specification, where and are the normalized frequencies, and is a real valued vector whose elements are spectral parameters. 也就是说，设： 为给定的2－D可变技术条件，式中 与 为标准化的频率，并且为值实向量，其要素为光谱参数。The technique [4] can only approximate the given 2-D variable magnitude specification in the case.本技术[4]仅在这种情况下能够近似算出给定的2－D可变滤波器技术条件 。 = (1) To circumvent this difficulty, this paper proposes a new method for designing 2-D variable digital filters with arbitrary magnitude characteristics. 围绕这一难题，本文提出了一项新方法，用于设计2－D可变数字滤波器，带有任意幅度性能。In other words, the technique can approximate 2-D variable magnitude specifications even though换言之，虽然 ≠ (2)，本技术能够近似计算出2－D可变幅度滤波器。 The technique is based on the decomposition of the given 2-D variable magnitude specifications, which is different from the one proposed in [4], and it only requires the normal 2-D constant filter designs and 1-D polynomial approximations. 本技术根据给定的1－D与2－D可变幅度技术条件分解的，但不同于[4]中提出技术方法，并且只需要公称2－D常量滤波器结构以及1－D多项式近似法。Since 2-D constant filters are relatively easy to design by applying the existing design techniques and 1-D polynomials can be easily approximated by solving simultaneous linear equations, the technique significantly simplifies the original 2-D variable filter design problem. 由于，2－D常量滤波器用现有的设计技术以及1－D多项式也可用求出同步线形方程而相对简单，所以本技术相当地简化了原有的2－D可变滤波器设计的难题。In particular, it should be emphasized that this technique can guarantee the stability of the resulting 2-D variable filters so long as the 2-D constant filters are designed to be stable. An example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique. 特别应当提出的是，本技术能够只要在2－D常量滤波器设计得稳定的话，就能保证取得的2－D可变滤波器结果的稳定性。文中详细说明了所提出的技术的效力。2. Design problem formulation2．设计问题的说明 In this section, we formulate the problem of designing 2-D variable digital filters with arbitrary magnitude responses based on the newly proposed outer product expansion of the given 2-D variable magnitude specifications. 在本节中，根据给定2－D可变幅度技术条件提出的外围设备，我们阐述了任意幅度反应2－D可变数字滤波器的设计。Below, we first define an outer product expansion, then relate it with the 2-D variable filter design problem.下面，我们首次对外围设备做了定义，然后将其同2－D可变滤波器

such a sight, it suddenly struck my memory of a welfare factory along route female passenger might have been a deaf mute and was unable to hear any sounds. I immediately made an explanation to the male passenger and wrote a sentence on a note thereafter showing it to the female passenger: 'Sorry! He wants to alight and has asked you a few times but you might not have noticed.' The female passenger nodded and gave way. From there on, I paid special attention to the features of deaf mutes and picked up some commonly used hand signs from there. For instance, I could ask them, in sign language, 'Hello friend!' 'Where are you getting off at?' 'Please move in!' Thank you!' etc. I am not only able to provide better service to them but also communicate in deeper sense with them and reduce the misunderstandings and disputes between them and other passengers. Park is the imperial garden of emperors of Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. 1. Its total area is hectares and the Qiong island, which is the centrepiece of the park, has a length of and height of and was piled using excavated sea soil in 1179 (the Jin Dynasty). The white pagoda on the island was built in 1651 with a height of the northeastern part of Qiong island, there's a tablet built in 1751 with the engravings of 'Qiongdaochunyin'. The scenary surrounding it is picturesque and was one of the top 8 scenic spots of old Beijing. Pavilion of Five Dragons sits on the shores of Beihai. This was constructed in 1756 and the entire wall wad made using glazed tiles. Both sides have 9 dragons each drawn vividly and with life in them to reflect the creativity of our people. The Iron Shadow Wall is an artefact of the Yuan order to resolve the issues relating to food supply in China, the most fundamental solution should be to aim for self-reliance status for food supplies based on domestic could, based on its own abilities, achieve a self-reliance status in its food supplies. --With reliance upon technological innovations, at the present stage, argicultural technology contributes to about 35% of agricultural productions in China. In nations with developed agriculture, this percentage is 60%. The Chinese government has confirmed and is putting in efforts to implement a scientific agricultral strategy, in a bid to progressively reduce the difference between China and those that are technologically advanced in the agricultural sector. It is hoped that by 2000, the contribution rate would increase to 50% and by 2030, it would be near to the level of developed nations and fulfill the tremendous momentum in China grain productions.

我觉的科技论文翻译首先要做到以下几点：一、做好译前准备在翻译论文前，译者应先将要译的论文全文通读一遍，深刻理解原文每句话的含义以及其总体的结构。要在阅读的基础上，抓住该文的主要内容及特点。然后，在此基础上记下自己无法翻译的单词或术语及必要的句型。最后查阅有关词典或参考书，找出其相应的英语译法及句式表达。另外将其用铅笔轻轻加注在汉语论文无法翻译的词语或句型等下方，以便后续进行定稿整理。具体地说来，译前准备阶段有下列几个步聚：1、审读全文审读全文过程中要考虑下列几个问题：（1）你是否抓住了全文的中心内容？如果读完后还不知道该文的中心内容，你得考虑是否有把握翻译该文？（2）汉语论文中是否有文理不通或表达不清楚的地方？你能否把这些文理不通或表达不清楚的地方加以修改，使其文字通顺？（3）汉语论文中有否语言拖沓之处？应该怎么修改？（4）有没有修辞不当之处？你能对其加以改正吗？（5）汉语论文中的标点符号是否都正确？如有不当可以根据上、下文的意思将其改正？如果汉语论文中有上述之一点（或者有上述几点）的话，译者一般情况下是有能力独立处理的。如果万一自己无法处理，就应设法寻求帮助。否则，你自己就不具备翻译论文的最起码的汉语语言水平的条件。2、二次审读全文在第一次审读全文的基础上，现在就需要译者抛开汉语的思维习惯，一边读汉语的论文一边用英语进行思维了。当遇到某一（些）不知道如何译的专业术语时应当划下线，对于较生疏的汉语句式应当记下来。具体步聚是： 在二次阅读的基础上，用铅笔划出汉语论文中不熟悉（不会译）的词语和句型。查字典翻译出这些生疏的词语和句型，注在原文划下线的下方。看一看汉语中是否有句子长短不合适的地方？一般说来，中国人喜欢用短语，英美人（尤其在科技论文中）喜欢用多层次的长句。英译汉时常用折译法，而汉译英时却常常合（并）译。所以有些汉语句子可以根据其上下文的逻辑关系将两句译成一句。译者在二次阅读时应思考这个问题。二、仔细翻译论文一般说来，做好译前准备工作后，就可以开始仔细认真地手译（或用word整理好）。如果在翻译的过程中每一句话，每一个词，甚至每一个标点符号都准确无误的话，那么这次翻译基本可以定稿。但是译者只能尽量做到这一点。翻译时就应注意：句与句之间（除标点外）应当留一个字母的空隙；行与行之间留一行的空白。以便最后修改、加工时使用。如有因手误而导致译错的地方，应当及时在该行的左边页空处用铅笔加写正确的译文，同时将错译处划掉（注意不要涂抹），以便译完后及时修改。初译完后首先要自己审读一遍。看看除了自己在初译时及时发现的误译处外，有否别的不当之处：有否其它的译文用词不当？有否其它的标点错误？有否用词错误之处？有否句型等不合适的地方？有否译文的整体逻辑不清之处？如果上述几点均不存在，那么初译的论文在稍加工的基础上便可交付使用。三、做好论文加工论文加工指的是论文翻译大体得当，只有少数地方需要加工。一般说来，技术性的加工方法如下：（1）剪贴：指的是在论文的错（漏）处把正确的译文译好剪贴在错（漏）处。剪贴时应当注意：①纸质要与原纸质一致。②笔迹要一样。③如原文用打字译出，剪贴时也应打字。④剪贴时不应与前句（或后句），或上下文的最末（第一个）字母重叠。也不应覆盖原有的标点符号，以免影响原意。（2）局部修改：指的是论文在翻译中有较大的误译或错译。如果仅有几行错译或误译可以将其重新改写或打印。但一定要整齐、干净、达到“美”的标准。四、把控论文修改当初译的论文有取局部加工或剪贴的办法，需要重译。通过重译以更好地的把控质量，重译时有下列几点注意事项：（1）只重译有误译（错译）的那一页或那几页，没有必要全文重译。（2）避免改动过大，要保持上下文的一致。

Agriculture Technologies 900 Million Farmers in ChinaThe history of reform and opening up has witnessed three calls for the development of rural markets. 900 million farmers constitute the world's largest group of consumers and have created the biggest business opportunity in the face of the dual competitive pressure posed to China by the hi-tech advantage of the developed countries and the price advantage resulted from the currency devaluation in surrounding countries, China has clearly indicated: From the long-term point of view, while actively exploring international markets, it is essential to actively develop the domestic market, particularly the rural market. This is a strategic choice in conformity with China's national rural market is the most dynamic, practical pivotal point in expanding domestic demands and boosting economic growth. Inadequate effective demand has become the greatest hindrance to China's current economic development. In the series of macro-control measures to be adopted in the second half of this year, exploring the rural market is regarded as "a rope for capturing the tiger". Experts' estimation indicates: Every 100 billion yuan worth of final consumption realized in rural areas will generate billion yuan worth of consumption demand for the entire national is also a brand-new starting-point in the readjustment of economic structure and the readjustment of product mix. Today, the buyer's market has penetrated to every corner of China's economy. Of the 900-odd important industrial products, the utilization rate of over half of the production capacity is less than 50 percent, structural readjustment is thus the effort to successfully open up the rural market, industrial enterprises must produce commodities geared to rural demands; and commercial enterprises must skillfully build smooth and swift marketing are many difficulties confronting the effort to explore rural markets. Reasons for this are many. For example, some local governments have inadequate understanding of the importance and urgency of exploring rural markets, fear difficulty and lack confidence in accomplishing this task; quite a number of industrial and commercial enterprises still harbor the concept of "valuing cities while belittling the countryside", this is manifested in the fact that the product mix is incompatible with the rural market demand, the variety of commodities on sale is single and farmers find it inconvenient to fact, the rural market has enormous potential and there are many favorable conditions for developing the rural market. So long as industrial and commercial enterprises really attach importance to the rural market, carefully study farmers' demands, exert great efforts to do a good job in the work of exploring the rural market well, they can definitely achieve the anticipated enterprises stress production of commodities geared to market needs, while commercial enterprises emphasize smooth and fast marketing should be made to develop new sales methods, such as chain-store, agency and distribution center and to establish various forms of sales networks wherein industry and commerce, commerce and commerce, town and country, state-owned commerce and individually-run and privately-run commerce join hands. Chinese business people will have ample scope for their abilities in rural key to success in exploring rural markets lies in increasing farmers' income. It is necessary to open up the rural consumer goods market to allow farmers to buy things; and it is also necessary to first open up the rural agricultural produce market, so that farmers' purses will be bulgingFarmers' income is stepping into the period of a new round of growth at reduced increase in farmers' income is the greatest factor thwarting efforts to explore rural markets. When farmers' purses are not so bulging, increase in actual consumption demand will be slow. To increase farmers' income is, in essence, to enhance the rural economy's adaptability to the socialist market economy. In the opinions of authoritative persons, it is essential to get hold of two links: one is "what to grow". Farmers have to grow farm crops easy to yield added do so, it is necessary to readjust and optimize the agricultural structure, develop high-efficiency and high-value-added characteristic agriculture. Second is "how to sell the produce". To increase farmers' income, it is essential to solve the problem concerning ties between the farmer and the market, farmers should be enabled to smoothly enter the big, ever-changing market. This requires development of industrial management of agriculture, and cultivation of a wholesale market system, intermediary service system and information service a wholesale trading market system by making use of the advantages of tradition, regional location, resources and industry is an important aspect in invigorating the flow of agricultural produce and industrial products. This has been proved by the experience of many localities. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------China May Hold Future of Food TechnologyBy Dennis AverySenior fellow and Director, Center for Global Food Issues at the Hudson Institute Is it possible the First World will give China a virtual monopoly in agricultural biotechnology, destined to be one of the most valuable technologies of the 21st century? Have the United States and Europe thrown away billions of dollars in agriculture-related biotech earnings and hundreds of thousands of clean, high-tech research and support jobs? The United States and Europe have spent billions of dollars doing basic research in genetically modified crops and animals to make foods that are better-tasting, more nutritious and kinder to the environment. Will China now step in and charge the United States and Europe steep royalties for the right to grow the new organisms that result from this research? Those are all strong possibilities, in the wake of the environmental group Greenpeace's stunningly swift and successful campaign to ban genetically modified foods and crops. First World investors were afraid to be caught in another controversy like tobacco, or another set of baseless class-action lawsuits like the controversy over silicone breast implants. They've bailed out on agricultural biotechnology long before governments dared act. To duck the controversy, Monsanto's orphaned agricultural biotech unit will be dumped into a hostile stock market along with its multibillion-dollar laboratories and patents. Ditto for the big agricultural biotech units of Europe's Novartis and Zeneca. Look for layoffs from all three. And don't expect the laid-off scientists to land jobs at public research institutions. The publicly funded research labs will be even more gun-shy of agricultural biotechnology now than the private sector. The erstwhile scientists will have to lay aside their doctorates and start new careers. A lucky few may find jobs in human medical biotech, which the environmental movement has not attacked yet. This has nothing to do with risks to people or the environment. Despite media hype, no real dangers related to biotech foods have ever been documented. But Greenpeace seems to want a smaller, poorer human population, so they're willing to frighten the world back into the scientific Dark Ages. The one thing certain is genetic engineering in food production will not disappear. When the astronomer Galileo published his proofs in 1632 that the Earth revolved around the sun, the Catholic Church put him under house arrest. The church had declared the Earth the center of the universe. But people could never look at the sun in quite the same way again. They had new knowledge. The First World may be so comfortable it can afford to pass up biotech foods. But the Third World is still struggling to provide adequate diets for its growing population. For the developing world, the choices are stark. The can either use biotechnology to raise yields, grow more low-yield crops by clearing tropical forests or import food from the West. Given those choices, biotech foods look awfully attractive. Most Third World countries are too small or poor to advance agricultural biotechnology on their own. Countries like Brazil and Argentina could assemble the scientific resources but they're afraid of losing their export sales to nervous European and Japanese consumers. India might like to develop high-yielding biotech crops to ease its cropland shortage, but its own prickly activists are still arguing over hybrid seeds. They're likely to hamstring Indian biotech into the near foreseeable future. China is the one country in the world with the scientific power to carry biotechnology forward in agriculture, the urgent need for massive amounts of additional food and feed and no need to allow unfounded food scares to be published in its newspapers. China already has over 1 million farmers growing genetically modified cotton, corn and soybeans because of lower costs. Anyone who doubts China's ability to carry forward good science is ignoring the country's fabulous history and its recent ballistic missile tests. "Golden rice" by itself may be enough to secure genetically engineered foods' reputation among Chinese consumers. Asian women are at high risk of birth complications because of iron deficiency due to the phytate in the rice they eat. Golden rice counteracts the phytate and provides ample dietary iron. It also contains plenty of Vitamin A, also lacking in many rice-culture diets. The International Rice Research Institute is already breeding golden rice genes into popular rice varieties for the people of Asia and Africa. Is Greenpeace callous enough to try to frighten poor rice-culture consumers away from golden rice and back to childhood blindness? Using biotechnology, China should be able to produce highly attractive foods, such as healthier fats for cooking, allergy-free nuts, more tender steaks and, at last, a tasty off-season tomato. Every vitamin and mineral needed by the human body could be engineered into our foods, saving consumers billions of dollars in food supplements. When First World consumers find out about such goodies, China can export them or charge farmers in other countries a fee to grow them. The biotech crops will also feature sharply higher yields, especially on marginal farmlands where drought and acid soils currently limit production. Greenpeace should cheer this, since it will directly help save Asian tropical forests. First World farmers will lose a significant part of their export potential, of course, if Third World farmers can produce higher yields and more desirable specialty foods through biotechnology. At the moment, that seems to be the price they pay for farming in a rich, overfed country.

看不到图。 你把文章弄进来吧。 里面有小图看不到的。