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大鹏村长

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Since scientists first proposed the big bang theory, many people have questioned and criticized the model. Here's a rundown on some of the most common criticisms of the big bang theory: •It violates the first law of thermodynamics, which says you can't create or destroy matter or energy. Critics claim that the big bang theory suggests the universe began out of nothing. Proponents of the big bang theory say that such criticism is unwarranted for two reasons. The first is that the big bang doesn't address the creation of the universe, but rather the evolution of it. The other reason is that since the laws of science break down as you approach the creation of the universe, there's no reason to believe the first law of thermodynamics would apply.•Some critics say that the formation of stars and galaxies violates the law of entropy, which suggests systems of change become less organized over time. But if you view the early universe as completely homogeneous and isotropic, then the current universe shows signs of obeying the law of entropy.•Some astrophysicists and cosmologists argue that scientists have misinterpreted evidence like the redshift of celestial bodies and the cosmic microwave background radiation. Some cite the absence of exotic cosmic bodies that should have been the product of the big bang according to the theory.•The early inflationary period of the big bang appears to violate the rule that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light. Proponents have a few different responses to this criticism. One is that at the start of the big bang, the theory of relativity didn't apply. As a result, there was no issue with traveling faster than the speed of light. Another related response is that space itself can expand faster than the speed of light, as space falls outside the domain of the theory of are several alternative models that attempt to explain the development of the universe, though none of them have as wide an acceptance as the big bang theory:•The steady-state model of the universe suggests the universe always had and will always have the same density. The theory reconciles the apparent evidence that the universe is expanding by suggesting that the universe generates matter at a rate proportionate to the universe's rate of expansion.•The Ekpyrotic model suggests our universe is the result of a collision of two three-dimensional worlds on a hidden fourth dimension. It doesn't conflict with the big bang theory completely, as after a certain amount of time it aligns with the events described in the big bang theory.•The big bounce theory suggests our universe is one of a series of universes that first expand, then contract again. The cycle repeats after several billion years.•Plasma cosmology attempts to describe the universe in terms of the electrodynamic properties of the universe. Plasma is an ionized gas, which means it's a gas with free roaming electrons that can conduct are several other models as well. Could one of these theories (or other ones we haven't even thought of) one day replace the big bang theory as the accepted model of the universe? It's quite possible. As time passes and our capability to study the universe increases, we'll be able to make more accurate models of how the universe developed.

312 评论

淘气lulu

题报告主要包括以下几个方面:(一)论文名称论文名称就是课题的名字第一,名称要准确、规范。准确就是论文的名称要把论文研究的问题是什么,研究的对象是什么交待清楚,论文的名称一定要和研究的内容相一致,不能太大,也不能太小,要准确地把你研究的对象、问题概括出来。第二,名称要简洁,不能太长。不管是论文或者课题,名称都不能太长,能不要的字就尽量不要,一般不要超过20个字。(二) 论文研究的目的、意义研究的目的、意义也就是为什么要研究、研究它有什么价值。这一般可以先从现实需要方面去论述,指出现实当中存在这个问题,需要去研究,去解决,本论文的研究有什么实际作用,然后,再写论文的理论和学术价值。这些都要写得具体一点,有针对性一点,不能漫无边际地空喊口号。主要内容包括:⑴ 研究的有关背景(课题的提出): 即根据什么、受什么启发而搞这项研究。 ⑵ 通过分析本地(校) 的教育教学实际,指出为什么要研究该课题,研究的价值,要解决的问题。(三) 本论文国内外研究的历史和现状(文献综述)。规范些应该有,如果是小课题可以省略。一般包括:掌握其研究的广度、深度、已取得的成果;寻找有待进一步研究的问题,从而确定本课题研究的平台(起点)、研究的特色或突破点。(四)论文研究的指导思想指导思想就是在宏观上应坚持什么方向,符合什么要求等,这个方向或要求可以是哲学、政治理论,也可以是政府的教育发展规划,也可以是有关研究问题的指导性意见等。(五) 论文写作的目标论文写作的目标也就是课题最后要达到的具体目的,要解决哪些具体问题,也就是本论文研究要达到的预定目标:即本论文写作的目标定位,确定目标时要紧扣课题,用词要准确、精练、明了。常见存在问题是:不写研究目标;目标扣题不紧;目标用词不准确; 目标定得过高, 对预定的目标没有进行研究或无法进行研究。确定论文写作目标时,一方面要考虑课题本身的要求,另一方面要考率实际的工作条件与工作水平。(六)论文的基本内容研究内容要更具体、明确。并且一个目标可能要通过几方面的研究内容来实现,他们不一定是一一对应的关系。大家在确定研究内容的时候,往往考虑的不是很具体,写出来的研究内容特别笼统、模糊,把写作的目的、意义当作研究内容。基本内容一般包括:⑴对论文名称的界说。应尽可能明确三点:研究的对象、研究的问题、研究的方法。⑵本论文写作有关的理论、名词、术语、概念的界说。(七)论文写作的方法具体的写作方法可从下面选定: 观察法、调查法、实验法、经验总结法、 个案法、比较研究法、文献资料法等。(八)论文写作的步骤论文写作的步骤,也就是论文写作在时间和顺序上的安排。论文写作的步骤要充分考虑研究内容的相互关系和难易程度,一般情况下,都是从基础问题开始,分阶段进行,每个阶段从什么时间开始,至什么时间结束都要有规定。课题研究的主要步骤和时间安排包括:整个研究拟分为哪几个阶段;各阶段的起止时间文献综述怎么写  1) 什么是文献综述?文献综述是研究者在其提前阅读过某一主题的文献后,经过理解、整理、融会贯通,综合分析和评价而组成的一种不同于研究论文的文体。2)  文献综述的写作要求1、文献综述的格式  文献综述的格式与一般研究性论文的格式有所不同。这是因为研究性的论文注重研究的方法和结果,而文献综述介绍与主题有关的详细资料、动态、进展、展望以及对以上方面的评述。因此文献综述的格式相对多样,但总的来说,一般都包含以下四部分:即前言、主题、总结和参考文献。撰写文献综述时可按这四部分拟写提纲,再根据提纲进行撰写工作。前言,要用简明扼要的文字说明写作的目的、必要性、有关概念的定义,综述的范围,阐述有关问题的现状和动态,以及目前对主要问题争论的焦点等。前言一般200-300字为宜,不宜超过500字。正文,是综述的重点,写法上没有固定的格式,只要能较好地表达综合的内容,作者可创造性采用诸多形式。正文主要包括论据和论证两个部分,通过提出问题、分析问题和解决问题,比较不同学者对同一问题的看法及其理论依据,进一步阐明问题的来龙去脉和作者自己的见解。当然,作者也可从问题发生的历史背景、目前现状、发展方向等提出文献的不同观点。正文部分可根据内容的多少可分为若干个小标题分别论述。小结,是结综述正文部分作扼要的总结,作者应对各种观点进行综合评价,提出自己的看法,指出存在的问题及今后发展的方向和展望。

123 评论

幸福的考拉721

This is a "scientific genius" as the background of the situation comedy. Hero Leonard and Sheldon are a pair of good friends, their IQ is absolutely superior, because they can recite every word of quantum physics theory, no matter what you ask them questions, have not beat them, but when it comes daily life, these two raunchy boy temper completely gone. Until one day, moved next door to a beautiful sexy girl Penny, immediately attracted the attention of Leonard, and she recently became single. There are two best friends Leonard and Sheldon Howard Wolowit and Rajesh. "Big Bang" is talking about this beautiful house and four science A story.中文翻译;这是一部以“科学天才”为背景的情景喜剧。主人公Leonard和Sheldon是一对好朋友,他们的智商绝对高人一等,因为他们对量子物理学理论可以倒背如流,无论你问他们什么问题,都难不倒他们,但是说到日常生活,这两个不修边幅的男孩就彻底没了脾气。直到有一天,隔壁搬来一位美貌性感的女孩Penny ,顿时吸引了Leonard的目光,而且她最近刚刚变成单身。Leonard和Sheldon还有两个好朋友Howard Wolowit和Rajesh。《生活大爆炸》就是讲的这一个美女和四个科学阿宅的故事。This is a "scientific genius" as the background of the situation comedy, which might very rare. Hero Leonard (JohnnyGalecki, "Roseanne") and Sheldon (Jim Parsons "JudgingAmy") is a pair of good friends, their IQ is absolutely superior, because they can recite every word of quantum physics theory, no matter what you ask them questions, not immune down to them. However, when daily life, these two raunchy boy did not completely lost his temper - in the mundane life of these seemingly simple things, instead letting them get lost in space the same feeling, they grasp the scientific principles of those here basically useless. Until one day, moved next door to a beautiful sexy girl Penny, immediately attracted the attention of Leonard. Penny is a girl who dreams of becoming an actor, but has not been successful, usually only work in a fast food restaurant, her personality is cheerful, kind and a bit with Leonard, Sheldon different fashion of young people, the most important thing is - She recently became single. Leonard and Sheldon have two good friends. Since that is the Playboy of the Howard Wolowitz, he said he was the California Institute of Technology's "Casanova" (1725-1798, Italian adventurer, to include written many of his affair of the "Autobiography" is known, then the term was extended to "Merry prodigal son, erotic"), in six languages because of who can participate in the Mars exploration program for the . (like to invite the girls fancy a ride to Mars, and thus lead to an accident in the second quarter, Unfortunately, with the "discoverer of life on Mars," missed the title), in fact, like Howard, but a means to take some out-dated the sister of the guy, very often the sister of his tactics are to each other sick. India's Rajesh Koothrappali suffering from serious "disorder with the opposite sex," the presence of the opposite sex when he could not speak, only after the drunk girls to freely communicate with. Ah a beautiful house and four science stories so quietly began to be staged in the laughter ... ...中文翻译:这是一部以 "科学天才" 为背景的情景喜剧,这倒非常罕见。主人公Leonard (JohnnyGalecki, "Roseanne") 和Sheldon (Jim Parsons "JudgingAmy")是一对好朋友,他们的智商绝对高人一等,因为他们对量子物理学理论可以倒背如流,无论你问他们什么问题,都难不倒他们。但是说到日常生活,这两个不修边幅的男孩就彻底没了脾气--生活中柴米油盐这些看似简单的事情,却让他们有迷失在太空里一样的感觉,他们所掌握的那些科学原理在这里根本没有用武之地。直到有一天,隔壁搬来一位美貌性感的女孩Penny ,顿时吸引了Leonard的目光。Penny是个梦想成为演员的女孩,但一直没有能成功,平时只能在快餐店打工,她个性开朗,待人友善,是位与Leonard、Sheldon截然不同的追求时尚的年轻人,最重要的是——她最近刚刚变成单身。 Leonard和Sheldon还有两个好朋友。自认为是花花公子的Howard Wolowitz,他称自己是加州理工学院的"卡萨诺瓦"(1725-1798,意大利冒险家,以所写的包括他的许多风流韵事的《自传》而著称,后来该词被引申为"风流浪子,好色之徒"),能用六种语言泡妞,参与负责美国的火星探索计划(喜欢邀请看上的女孩去火星兜风,也因此在第二季引发一场事故,遗憾地与“火星生命发现者”的称号失之交臂),其实Howard不过是个喜欢拿一些过时的手段把妹的家伙,很多时候他的把妹手法都让对方感到恶心。来自印度的 Rajesh Koothrappali 患有严重的“与异性交往障碍症”,有异性在场的时候他就无法说话,只有在喝醉以后才能自在地与女孩交流。 一个美女和四个科学阿宅的故事就这样在笑声中悄然开始上演……

198 评论

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