英语毕业文案（精选60句）
随着社交网络和信息技术的飞速发展，越来越多人热衷于在网上发布文案，文案用以宣泄自己的小情绪，分享自己的'心情。那么都有哪些类型的文案呢？下面是我整理的英语毕业文案（精选60句），希望对大家有所帮助。
1,my dear I want to love you well,I have to be happy not graduated
2,at the same table,no I nagging around,will not be some accustomed to.
3,graduated,we say good cry,can be scattered food that day tears do not obey the flow out.
4,even if the season stranded,memory precipitation,that thin film with the years of fading,but also rinse out that piece of warmth.
5,we go to school every day,everyone still laugh so bright,imitation brush there are 10 million flowers at the same time bloom.But our hearts clear,everyones heart,in fact,have a touch of melancholy.
6,watching the students recorded on the words you write me,I am happy to shed tears.
It is the life of the nectar!It will give the future into the victory,it will stay in our lips,leaving endless memorable.
8,holding a college admission notice to sleep,wake up and found a notice into a diploma,that I have been here to sleep.
9,can not extend a career before graduation,let me remember the three years of good.
10,in this hot sun season,we will leave,for a better banquet,more lively.
11,those years we graduated from the scattered things clearly hard to cry but also pseudo-strong.
12,from then on,recall meet each other.Several times the soul dream and Jun.Tonight to the silver cylinder according to,still afraid to meet is a dream.
13,graduation photo,and we do not have a bright smile.Because we are about to separate.
14,each of the shelling,are mature to the transformation.However,time wash.We have any of the past,only the most beautiful.Dedicated to each of you,and the finest,years of love.
15,graduated,the topic is no longer gossip,learning,replaced by work,the future and marriage.
16,whether you go to Cape End of the World,and no matter how long will be separated,I will wait for waiting.
17,gardenia flowers,four years of dreams,it is necessary to bid farewell to the paragraph.The new horn has been ringing to the campus we are going to ring.Hope in the future of life on everyone we can smooth sailing.
18,in fact,graduation is not terrible,terrible is to grow up,before the classmate friends do not remember their own.
19,what is my alma mater,when you first came to anxious to go early,can be really when you want to go,and eager to stay more than a day or two.
20,todays classmates break up,Road one: treasure!Alumni reunion tomorrow,he heard: success!
1.If the course of life is a route,where it extends depends on the compass,then the most important thing is to recognize the pointer on the compass.
2.Everyone has a valuable asset,that is - life!Hope you can use it effectively.
3.life gives you an ordinary and precious gift,this is youth.I wish you with enthusiasm,work hard to return to life!
4.your youth as hot as the sun,even in the face of frost,but also can melt into Oasis,to nourish the earth,irrigation pastoral.
5.The secret of success lies in the goal of perseverance.
6.Opportunity is like Yin Yan,often fly to our window lattice; the opportunity is like a bell,always echoed in our roof.Just need us to look with the eyes to catch,with the ears to listen.
7.Talent is like a spark,it can be extinguished,you can burn up.Light it,let it burn into a raging fire.
8.Autumn fruit does not belong to the spring of flowers,but belongs to the spring of the plowers.You sow the seeds of creation in the spring of life,will come to the golden life of the fall!
9.Under the snow is covered with green leaves,is colorful,is a bird flower wish you with excellent results to meet the spring!
10.Zero,only and real numbers are meaningful; ideas,and only with the action to make a brilliant.
11.Learning is to strive for something that naturally does not give us.
12.Although there is always a round of sediment,but the surging river is always running in the established direction.
13.climbing,life is climbing!May you bear the fate of the heavy load,trekking,climbing on a consciousness,character,sentiment,knowledge of the peak of it!
14.When you head high when the chest,my dear child,please pay attention to the foot of the stone or cut off the ditch.
15.green leaves of the bud said: growth!Grow!White flowers said: open!Open!Dark red fruit said:brilliant!Brilliant!
16.In the journey of life,hope you write this joy trilogy.
17.In the picture of life,occasionally cast a gray,does not foretell your sinking,it is important,in the gray to extract the green hope.
18 graduation to the students of the message selected 3 graduation to the students of the message selected 3 no way,we took a road,there are many roads,we hesitated,which go But when we are hesitant,the time has been quietly slip away.Do not hesitate,and choose a quasi-one to a solid footprints,to the success of the end,forward!
19.Maybe you have lost a wonderful result in your dream last night; perhaps,you have lost this morning show a colorful vision; perhaps you have lost a beautiful evening in the evening sunset But as long as you never lost your relentless Effort,never lost You constantly improve the self,youth,heater will be full of your life sails.
20.There is no embarrassment of failure,there will be no pride of success; failure is not terrible,as long as they can stand up from failure.
1.That day,after the alma mater,hear the familiar get out of class whispered,as if we saw the scenes of our heart to play.
2.face graduation,you may have a lot of puzzled,there may be many reluctant,maybe there will be a lot of regret,maybe some regret,maybe there will be many nostalgia.
3.Thanks to all the three years of college students,I will remember,remember all my life.
4.meet and bid farewell to the sail and off the coast,is the end of the joy of the past,the beginning of the future happiness.
5.Let us waved away,in that infinite space roaming; trance of life on the road,the fate will always meet.
6.think about the same table we have,after the college entrance examination on the future,and my heart is really sad.Classmates,the future more treasures!
7.fate is a line,set up the bridge we meet,cut our side of the community; friendship is a altar of wine,far from the north to drink a total of not drunk,he finally meet again and again.
8.After graduation,do not sit in the classroom to listen to the teacher lectures,but to start living for the rush.
9.I do not want to be able to succeed,since the choice of the piece of oasis,it is no longer looking back!
10.When I graduated,when I was living alone,I would raise a cat called the wholesale to accompany me.
11.After graduation,after tears,always injured.Death does not change,that adhere to is forever.
12.What is the alma mater,that is where you call him eight times a day but not allow others to curse the place.
13.waved goodbye,sail voyage,forget the friend,is that you throw the friendship of the cable,virtually tied to my heart.
14.Do not think that can be mixed to graduation on the line.It is also important to master the skills.
15.love Yiyi,do not depend on,a thousand words for speechless; you can not forget me,I can not forget you,meet will have a period.
16.four years or long or short have been time to take away,leaving the memories have become a touch of the War.
17.Teachers last sentence: you look at the book,I look at you again.
18.how can the vicissitudes of life,how can there be no painful moment? For the cause,we let the tears of farewell.
19.fate let us go to the same sky,chase together,grow together,laugh together.
20.We are lucky,every good time; we have aura,to seize the opportunity,the future in our body.
【通俗类】
1、
I want you to be happy. But I want to be the reason.
我想要你幸福，但我希望我是你幸福的原因。
2、
Attempt doesn't necessarily bring success, but giving up definitely leads to failure.
努力不一定成功，但放弃一定失败。
3、
In order to be irreplaceable, one must always be different.
要做到不可替代，就要与众不同。
4、
Dare to try, means you have already taken the first step to success.
敢于尝试，就等于你已经向成功迈出了第一步。
5、
Learn to choose, to forsake, to endure loneliness, to resist temptation.
懂得选择，学会放弃，耐得住寂寞，经得起诱惑。
6、
Even if the road is not flat also should make oneself of the sun.
就算路不坦荡 也要做自己的太阳。
7、
Life is like flowers, because everyone blooms at different times.
生命就像一朵朵花，每个人都在不同的时间绽放。
8、
Every man dies, not every man really lives.
每个人都会死去, 但不是每个人都曾经真正活过。
9、
No matter what happens, you should be able to settle down.
无论遇到什么情况，也要能安顿好自己心情。
10、
Sea birds and fish love, just an accident.
海鸟和鱼的相爱，只是一场意外。
11、
Never expect, never assume, and never demand. Just let it be, because if it's meant to be, it will happen the way you want it to.
永不期待，永不假设，永不强求。顺其自然，若是注定发生，必会如你所愿。
12、
Today is an opportunity to get better.Don't waste it.
今天是一个让一切变得更好的机会，别浪费。
13、
Life is limited, we can do is just to make yourself happy some time in their lifetime.
人生是有限的，我们所能做的只不过是在有生之年让自己过得高兴些罢了。
14、
You don't need to look up to others, for you yourself are a spectacle.
不必仰望别人，自己也是风景。
15、
After doing my best, I chose to follow the lead.
尽力之后，我选择随缘。
【语录类】
1、
The best feeling in the world is when you know your heart is smiling.
世间最美好的感受，就是发现自己的心在笑。
2、
As long as you are willing to work hard, you will definitely get the life you want.
只要你肯坚持肯努力，一定会得到自己想要的生活。
3、
If you see the shadow in front of, don't be afraid, that's because you have the sun behind.
如果你看到前面的阴影，别怕，那是因为你背后有阳光。
4、
Most fortunate in my life two things, one is finally the time I love you exhausted. One a long time ago that one day I met you.
我一生中最幸运的两件事，一件是时间终于将我对你的爱消耗殆尽。一件是很久很久以前有一天，我遇见你。
5、
I like people who make me laugh in spite of myself.
我喜欢那些让我笑起来的人，就算是我不想笑的时候。
6、
Not he who has much is rich, but he who gives much.
拥有的多并不算富有，给予的多才算富有。
7、
Don't stay in the past, don't to remember once upon a time, time will bite, you don't go, will be covered in bruises.
不要停留在过去，不要去回忆从前，时间会咬人，你不走，会满身伤痕。
8、
I'm always keeping my eyes on you,by the means you know or not.
我一直在关注你，用一切你知道或不知道的方式。
9、
One of the best feeling in the world is when you're hugging the person you love, and they hug you back even tighter.
世界上最美妙的一件事是，当你拥抱一个你爱的人，他竟然把你抱得更紧。
10、
The most qmainful distance, you are not with me but in my heart.
最痛的距离，是你不在我身边却在我心里。
11、
Every day may not be good, but there's something good in every day.
也许不是每天都那么美好，但每天都会有一些小美好存在。
12、
Time can heal a broken heart, but time can also break a waiting heart.
时间可以治愈一颗受伤的心，同样也可以撕裂一颗等待的心。
13、
It's not what, where or how that matters but who.
做什么，在哪里，怎样其实都不重要，重要是和谁一起。
14、
If I say leave me alone,actually I need you more than at any time.
如果我说我像一个人静一静，其实我比任何时候都需要你。
15、
Don't treat every passion, not to please any indifference.
不要亏待每一份热情，不要讨好任何的冷漠。
正能量英语文案（精选110句）
在日复一日的学习、工作或生活中，越来越多人钟情于在网上发布文案，文案对人们的思维是有一定的感性作用的。那么问题来了，到底什么样的文案才是低调奢华有内涵的呢？下面是我整理的正能量英语文案（精选110句），仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
1. Dont waste your time looking back on what youve lost. Move on, for life is not meant to be traveled backwards.
不要浪费时间追忆失去的东西。你得朝前看，因为生命不会走回头路。
2. The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.
对明天做好的准备就是今天做到最好！
3. If you ever feel in life that all doors are closed, remember these words: a closed door is not always locked, so give it a push at least.
如果你觉得生命里的每扇门都关着，那请记住这句话：关上的门不一定上锁，至少再过去推一推。
4. Dont forget the things you once owned. Treasure the things you cant get. Dont give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory.
曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。
5. If my future has you in it, Im not afraid of the rest.
只要未来有你，面对一切，我会无所畏惧。
6. How far is far, how high is high? Well never know until we try.
远有多远，高有多高，只有试了才知道。
7. Being happy doesnt mean that everything is perfect. It means that youve decided to look beyond the imperfections.
快乐不代表一切都很完美，它意味着你决定去忽略那些不完美。
8.Youre always trying to see yourself through the eyes of someone else.
人们总是试图从别人的眼里看自己。
9.Live beautifully, dream passionately, love completely.
活要活得美好,梦要梦得热烈,爱要爱得完整.
10. I want to refresh my mind, all my problems, undo all my mistakes, and save all the happy moments.
我想刷新自己的思维，删除自己的毛病，撤销犯下的错误，保存所有欢乐的时光.
11. Love, and caring, ruins you.
爱，和太在乎，会毁了你。
12. Nothing worth having comes easy.
值得拥有的东西永远来之不易。
13. Life isnt fair, but its still good.
人生不公平，但依然美好。
14. Originally, as long as separate the people, no matter how familiar with original, slowly also become alienated.
原来，只要分开了的人，无论原来多么熟悉，也会慢慢变得疏远……
15.I would rather be fat in a delicate way than be slim like everyone else.
宁可胖的精致，也不要瘦的雷同。
16.There is no key to happiness.The door is always open.
这世界上没有通往幸福之门的钥匙，因为那个门总是打开的。
17. The possibilities are endless when you work hard and never give up.
只要努力拼搏，永不放弃，就有无限的可能性。
18. We blame society, but we are society.
我们总在指责社会，而与此同时，我们就是这个社会。
19. You know youre in love when you cant fall asleep because reality is finally better than your dreams.
当你睡不着的时候，你就知道你恋爱了。因为现实终于比梦境美妙了。
20. Letting go doesnt mean that youre a quitter. It doesnt mean that you lost. It just means that you realize in that moment thats its time to let go and move on.
放手不代表放弃，不代表你输了。那只代表你知道在那一刻你该放手了，然后继续生活。
21.That theres some good in this world, and its worth fighting for.
这世上一定存在着善良，值得我们奋战到底。
22.The rough road often leads to the top.
艰难的道路经常通往高处。
23.Try and fail, but dont fail to try.
尝试后可能会放弃，但千万不能放弃尝试。
24. Feeling, patience is the key. Its much better to be going somewhere slowly nowhere fast.
人生，关键是要有耐心。奔着目标，慢慢走，会好过毫无目标，傻傻往前冲。
25.Forget all the
reasons why it wont work, and believe the one reason why it will.
忘掉所有那些“不可能”的借口，去坚持那一个“可能”的理由。
26.Try your best,even if the task seems difficult.
全力以赴，即使任务看起来超有难度。
27. We must face tomorrow, whatever it may hold, with determination,joy, and bravery.
无论明天怎样，我们都要带着决心.快乐和勇气去面对。
28. Everything will be okay in the end. If its not okay, its not the end.
每件事最后都会是好事。如果不是好事，说明还没到最后。
29.Life is a roller coaster. You can scream every time you hit a bump,or you can throw your hand sup and enjoy the ride.
生活就像过山车，你可以在每次颠簸的时候尖叫，你也可以高举双手享受整个过程。
30.The distance between your dreams and reality is called action.
梦想和现实之间的那段距离，叫做行动。
1、一个真正热爱工作的人会在工作中感到无比的快乐。
A true love of work will be very happy in the work.
2、误解了别人，第一是反省；被别人误解，第一是宽容。
Misunderstanding of others, the first is to reflect on; be misunderstood by others, the first is tolerance.
3、有志之人立长志，无志之人长立志。
Where there is a will, there is no ambition.
4、碰到低潮，自己鼓励自己。千万别乞求，依靠别人来鼓励你。
Hit a low tide, to encourage their own. Dont beg, depend on others to encourage you.
5、出路出路，走出去了，总是会有路的。困难苦难，困在家里就是难。
Way out, go out, there will always be a way. Difficult suffering, trapped at home is difficult.
6、安莫安于知足；危莫危于多言；乐莫乐于好善；苦莫苦于多贪。
Ann Ann Mo in contentment; Wei Mo Wei to many words; good music to Mo Mo suffer from corrupt bitter.
7、志在山顶的人，不会贪念山腰的风景。
Aim at the top of the mountain, mountain scenery is not greed.
8、人生没有再来一次的机会，不想后悔，那就，跟看自己的心走。
Life does not have another chance, do not want to regret, then, with the heart to see their own.
9、每天花一点时间想想应该感恩什么，比如现在心脏还没退休。
Spend a little bit of time each day to think about what you should be thankful for, such as the heart is not yet retired.
10、不戚戚于贫贱，不汲汲于富贵。
An empty sack, not engrossed in their wealth.
11、生活中处处充满着温情，只要我们有一双善于发现的明亮的眼睛。
Life is full of warmth, as long as we have a pair of bright eyes that are good at finding.
12、当我们在责备别人时，岂不是也在间接宽容自己。
When we blame others, it is also indirectly tolerance.
13、别向这个世界认输，因为你还有牛逼的梦想。
Dont throw in the towel, because you still have a dream.
14、人生目标确定容易实现难，但如果不去行动，那么连实现的可能也不会有。
Life goals are hard to achieve, but if you dont act, you may not have the possibility to achieve it.
15、人不一定要生得漂亮，但却一定要活得漂亮。
People dont have to be beautiful, but they must live pretty.
16、你不勇敢，没人替你坚强！
You are not brave, no one for you to be strong!
17、多想什么是自己真正想要的东西，想不透就继续想。
Think what is what they really want, want to continue to think.
18、埋怨只是一种懦弱的表现；努力，才是人生的态度。
Blame is just a cowardly performance; efforts, is the attitude of life.
19、生活的理想，就是为了理想的生活。
The ideal of life is the ideal life.
20、最大的浪费是我们不认识自己的智慧，不明白自己拥有全宇宙的力量。
The greatest waste is that we do not know their own wisdom, do not understand that they have the power of the universe.
21、如果你最近的工作很闲，注意了，这可能是危机的先兆。
If your recent work is very busy, pay attention to, this may be a precursor to the crisis.
22、不论你在什么时候开始，重要的是开始之后就不要停止。
No matter when you start, it is important that you do not stop after the start.
23、掌握幸福秘诀的.人，就是以他人的幸福为幸福，以他人的喜悦为喜悦的人。
To master the secret of happiness is to take pleasure in others as well as to others.
24、懒惰像生锈一样，比操劳更消耗身体。
Sloth like rust, consumes faster than labor wears.
25、你不喜欢我，我一点都不介意。因为我活下来，不是为了取悦你！
You dont like me, I dont mind at all. Because I live, not to please you!
26、曾经拥有的不要忘记，已经得到的要珍惜，属于自已的不要放弃。
Once owned dont forget, already got to cherish, belong to their own do not give up.
27、看淡拥有，不刻意追求某些东西，落叶归根，那些属于你的，总会回来。
There has, not deliberately pursue something, roots, those belong to you, always come back.
28、机会不会主动找到你，必须亮出你自己。
The opportunity will not take the initiative to find you, you must show yourself.
29、生活不会否定任何人，就怕自己否定生活。
Life will not deny anyone, afraid of their own negative life.
30、没有创造的生活不能算生活，只能算活着。
Life without creation is not a life, it can only be lived.
31、我们从自然手上收到的最大礼物就是生命。
The greatest gift we have received from nature is life.
32、相信自已。不要妄加评判自已，也不会把自已交给别人评判，更不会贬低自已。
Believe in yourself. Do not judge yourself, never give yourself to others to judge, not belittle yourself.
33、命运如同手中的掌纹，无论多曲折，终掌握在自己手中。
Fate as the palm of the hand, no matter how tortuous, and eventually master in their own hands.
34、好多人做不好自己，是因为总想着做别人！
A lot of people do not good, because they always want to do other people!
35、要研究成功者的想法策略和行为习惯。
To study the ideas, strategies and behavior habits of successful people.
36、怀着一颗感恩的心，忘记别人的缺点吧！
With a thankful heart, forget the shortcomings of others!
37、微笑拥抱每一天，做像向日葵般温暖的女子。
Smile every day, do like a sunflower warm woman.
38、过去再优美，我们不能住进去；现在再艰险，我们也要走过去！
The past again beautiful, we cant live in; now we have to go past hardships!
39、我们这个世界，从不会给一个伤心的落伍者颁发奖牌。
We this world, never give a sad behind the old people presented a medal.
40、漂亮的脸孔是给别人看的，而有智慧的头脑才是给自己利用的。
A pretty face is for others to look at, but the wisdom of the mind is to give their own use.
41、对待生命要认真，对待生活要活泼。
Treat life seriously, treat life lively.
42、如果觉得我比别人优秀，那简直是白痴！别人正像虎狼之师奔袭而来！
If you think Im better than anyone else, thats an idiot! Others like tigers of the division to raid!
43、即使没有风，我也可以飞舞。即使逆着别人的方向，我也可以前进。
Even if there is no wind, I can fly. Even if the direction of others, I can move forward.
44、世间最大的一种痛，莫过于在起点便失去了盼念，日日熬煎看接近终点。
One of the greatest pain, is in the beginning will lose every day looking forward to read, see close to end torture.
45、对事不对人；或对事无情，对人要有情。
Not a person; or a ruthless person, to a person to have the feeling.
46、在人之上要把别人当人，在人之下要把自己当人。
To be a man, to be a man, and to be a human being.
47、简单的事重复做，你就是专家；重复的事用心做，你就是赢家。
The simple thing to do, you are an expert; repeat the things you do, you are the winner.
48、路漫漫其修远今，吾将上下而求索。
This is a long way, I will seek.
49、人生伟业的建立，不在能知，乃在能行。
The establishment of the cause of life, not to know, but can do.
50、爱自己的最好方式，就是努力奋斗让自己优秀起来。
The best way to love yourself, is to strive to make themselves better.
51、成功者学习别人的经验，一般人学习自己的经验。
Successful people learn from other peoples experience, the average person to learn their own experience.
52、人生，没有永远的伤痛，再深的痛，在切之时，伤口总会痊愈。
Life, there is no eternal pain, and then deep pain, in the cut, the wound will heal.
53、人生那个指引你走上光明大道的人，就是你的良心。
The man who directed you to the path of light is your conscience.
54、古之立大事者，不惟有超世之才，亦必有坚韧不拔之志。
Li ancient events are not only but also have a firm and indomitable will ability above common people.
55、生命之灯因热情而点燃，生命之舟因拼搏而前行。
The lamp of life is lighted with passion, and the boat of life is moving forward.
56、停止拜访就是停止呼吸，停止增员就是消灭生机。
Stop breathing is to stop breathing, stop increasing staff is to eliminate the vitality.
57、如果一个人说不是钱的问题，十有八九就是钱的问题。
If a person that is not a question of money, nine out of ten is the money problem.
58、往公牛身上再使劲，也挤不出一滴奶来。
To the bull body again hard, also can not squeeze out a drop of milk.
59、你的上司越忙，你的饭碗越危险。
The more busy your boss is, the more dangerous you will get.
60、最简单的事是坚持，最难的事还是坚持。
The simplest thing is to persist, the most difficult thing is to insist on.
61、什么事情都可以拖一拖，没必要那么着急，事缓则圆。
What things can be a drag, there is no need to worry, things are slowly round.
62、希望是生命的阳光，行动是希望的翅膀。
Hope is the sunshine of life, action is the wings of hope.
63、把你的脸迎向阳光，那就不会有阴影。
Turn your face to the sunshine, there will be no shadow.
64、人生就像一杯茶，不会苦一辈子，但总会苦一阵子。
Life is like a cup of tea, not bitter life, but always hard for a while.
65、你不能选择容貌，但你可以展现笑容。
You cant choose your looks, but you can show your smile.
66、出路在哪里？出路在于思路。
Where is the way out? The way out lies in thinking.
67、学的越多，赚的越多；学的越快，赚的越快。
The more you learn, the more you earn; the more you learn, the more you earn.
68、一个人最大的敌人是自己，没有完不成的任务，只有失去信心的自己。
One of the biggest enemy is himself, not finish the task, only to lose confidence in their own.
69、快乐来自于以感激的心情，去接受眼前的生活。
Happiness comes from the feeling of appreciation, to accept the life at present.
70、低头要有勇气，抬头要有底气。
Have the courage, the rise should be emboldened.
71、让生活变得快乐的直接方式就去好好的工作。
The direct way to make life happy is to work well.
72、我们要惜福，要珍惜每一份友情，爱情，还有更为重要的亲情。
We should cherish, cherish every friendship, love, and affection is more important.
73、能使你坚强的不是欢乐，而是悲伤，能使你坚持的不是欢欣，而是伤痕。
Can make you strong is not joy, but sorrow, can make you not to be happy, but the scars.
74、纯洁的思想，可使最微小的行动高贵起来。
Pure thought, can make the smallest action noble up.
75、成功的门往往虚掩着，只要你勇敢去推，它就会豁然洞开。
Often unlatched the door of success, as long as you are brave to push, it will suddenly open.
76、一个真正的将军是拼出来的。
A real general is a spell.
77、所谓的人生就是心再疼也要爬起来面带微笑的走。
The so-called life is the heart again pain also want to climb up with a smile to go.
78、不要为小事遮住视线，我们还有更大的世界。
Dont cover the little things, we have a bigger world.
79、天道酬勤，也许你付出了不一定得到回报，但不付出一定得不到回报。
Maybe you have God helps those who help themselves, not necessarily to be rewarded, but does not have to pay without return.
80、实力加自信就是一把坚韧不摧的利剑也是通往成功的船票实力决定成败。
Confidence is a strength and tough not to destroy the sword is also leading to a successful power or ticket.
《呼啸山庄》人物关系结构 Title：Catherine's dilemma between love and marriage in Wuthering Heights——The Psychoanalysis of love triangle relationship with Freud’s theory of personalityAbstract：Wuthering Heights tells a story of superhuman love and revenge enacted on the English moors. In this thesis, an attempt is made to analyze the love triangle relationship which leads to Catherine's dilemma between love and marriage in Wuthering Heights by virtue of Freud’s theory of personality.Key words：Wuthering Heights Freud’s theory of personality love triangle relationshipIn Catherine's heart she knows what is right, but chooses what is wrong. It is her wrong decision that pushes her into the inextricable [LunWenJia.Com]dilemma between her love and marriage; it is her wrong choice that plunges the two families into chaos. In the mind, she is truly out of her way.According to Sigmund Freud(1856—1939), the structure of the mind or personality consists three portions: the id, the ego, and the superego.“The id, which is the reservoir of biological impulses, constitutes the entire personality of the infant at birth. Its principle of operation, to guard the person from painful tension, is termed the pleasure principle. Inevitable frustrations of the id, together with what the child learns from his encounters with external reality, generate the ego, which is essentially a mechanism to minimize frustrations of the biological drives in the long run. It operates according to the reality principle … [LunWenNet.Com]The superego comprises the conscience, a partly conscious system of introjected moral inhibitions, and the ego-ideal, the source of the individual's standards for his own behavior. Like external reality, from which it derives, the superego often presents obstacles to the satisfaction of biological drives.”“In the mentally healthy person, these three systems form a unified and harmonious organization. Conversely, when the three systems of personality are at odds with one another the person is said to be maladjusted.” Here Catherine's tragic psychological process may be well illustrated by Freudian psychoanalysis.“I cannot express it; but surely you and everybody have a notion that there is, or should be, an existence of yours beyond you. What were the use of my creation, if I were entirely contained here？” Catherine's strange words reflect that the intelligent Emily Bronte had been earlier pondering over a same question in her work. What on earth is“the existence of Catherine's beyond Catherine”？Here we may believe that Heathcliff stands for Catherine's instinctual nature and the strongest desire—her “id” in the depths of her soul; Edgar, her ideal “superego”, represents another part of her personality: the well-bred gracefulness and the superiority of a wealthy family; and she, herself is the “ego” tortured by the friction between the two in the disharmonious situation.In the light of Freud's theory of personality, “the superego is the representation in the personality of the traditional values and ideals of society as they are handed down from parents to children.” Catherine's choice of Edgar as her husband is to satisfy her ideal “superego” to get wealth and high social position, which are the symbol of her class, on the basis of the education by her family and reality from her early childhood. She is a Miss of a noble family with a long history of about three hundred years. Only the marriage well-matched in social and economic status could be a satisfaction for all: her family, the society and even her practical self. “It would degrade me to many Heathcliff now ... if Heathcliff and I married, we should be beggars？” This is her actual worry for her future. Catherine yields to the pressure from her brother, and alike, in truth, she is yielding to the moral rules of society, without the approval and identification of which, she could not live a better life or even exist in it at all.However, Catherine underestimates what her other more intrinsic self would have effect on her. The most remarkable claim by Catherine herself may be the best convincing evidence to distinguish the different roles of Heathcliff and Edgar—her “id” and her “superego”:“My great miseries in this world have been Heathcliff's miseries, and I watched and felt each from the beginning: my great thought in living is himself. If all else perished, and he remained, I should still continue to be; and if all else perished, and he was annihilated, the universe would turn to a mighty stranger: I should not seem a part of it. My love for Linton is like foliage in the woods: time will change it. I'm well aware, as winter changes the trees. My love for Heathcliff resembles the eternal rocks beneath: a source of little visible delight, but necessary. Nelly, I'm Heathcliff! He's always, always in my mind: not as a pleasure and more than I am always a pleasure to me, but as my own being. So don't talk of our separation again: it is impracticable.”It was a happy thought to make her love the kind, wealthy, weak, elegant Edgar, yet in submission to her superego to oppose against her id, she would fall into a loss of the self. Since the id is the most primitive basis of personality, and the ego is formed out of the id, Catherine's life depends wholly on Heathcliff， as the whole connotation and truth of her life in the cosmic world, for its existence and further more for the significance of her existence. Heathcliff is the most necessary part of her being. She marries Edgar, but Heathcliff still clutches her soul in his passionate embrace. Although she is a bit ashamed of her early playmate, she loves him with a passionate abandonment that sets culture, education, the world at defiance. Catherine's wrong choice for marriage violates her inner desires. The choice is a victory for self-indulgence—a sacrifice of primary to secondary things. And she pays for it.On one hand, Catherine doesn't find the heavenly happiness she was longing for. Though as a girl “full of ambition”and “to be the greatest woman of the neighborhood” would be her pride, the enviable marriage could only flatter her vanity for a second. After her marriage, the comfortable and peaceful life in the Grange was just a monotonous and lifeless confinement of her soul. She feels chocked by the artificial and unnatural conditions in the closed Thrushcross Grange— a world in which the mind has hardened and become unalterable.“If I were in heaven, Nelly, I should be extremely miserable. ” Catherine eventually knows that the Lintons' heaven is not her ideal heaven. She and Heathcliff really possess their common heaven. Just as Catherine says,“Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same; and Linton's is as different as a moonbeam from lightning, or frost from fire.”Catherine doesn't want to live in the Lintons' heaven; on the other hand, she has lost her own paradise that she ever had with Heathcliff on the bare hard moor in their childhood. The deepest bent of her nature announces her destiny—a wanderer between the two worlds. When she is alive, she occupies a position midway between the two. She belongs in a sense to both and is constantly drawn first in Heathcliff's direction, then in Edgar's, and then in Heathcliff's again and at last she loses herself completely. Her childish illusion to use her husband's money to aid Heatllcliff to rise out of her brother's power has vanished in thin air. And her constant struggle to reconcile two irreconcilable ways of life is in vain too, which only caused more disorder in the two worlds and in herself as well.In Freudian principles, should the ego continually fail in its task of satisfying the demands of the id, these three factors together—the painful repression of the id's instinctual desires, the guilt conscience of revolt against the superego's wishes, and the frustration of failure in finding outlets in the external world- would contribute to ever-increasing anxiety. The anxiety piles up and finally overwhelms the person. When this happens, the person is said to leave hallucinatory wish-fulfillment, then a nervous radical breakdown, and in the end may finish the person off. Catherine is destroyed into psychic fragmentation by the friction between the two. At the height of her Edgan-Heathcliff torment, Catherine lies delirious on the floor at the Grange. She dreams that she is back in her own old bed at Wuthering Heights “enclosed in the oak-paneled bed at home, and my heart ached with some great grief…my misery arose from the separation that Hindley had ordered between me and Heathcliff.”Still dreaming, she tries to push back the panels of the oak bed, only to find herself touching the table and the carpet at the Grange:“My late anguish was swallowed in a paroxysm of despair. I cannot say why I was so wildly wretched ... and my all in all, as Heathcliff was at that time, and been converted at a stroke into Mrs. Linton...the wife of a stranger: an exile, and outcast.” She attempts to forget the lengthy days of years of life without her soul even in her temporary derangement.“Most strangely, the whole last seven years of my life grew a blank! I did not recall that they had been at all.” Her mental and physical decay rapidly leads to the body's mortal end. She dies and seems to have none into perfect peace.But even after her death, she is still a wandering ghost. In Chapter 3, Lockwood, the lodger in Catherine's oak-paneled bed at Wuthering Heights dreams about the little wailing ghost:“The intense horror of nightmare came over me: I tried to draw back my arm, but the hand clung to it, and a most melancholy voice sobbed, ‘Let me in-Let me in’.‘ Who are you?’…‘Catherine Linton’, it replied, shiveringly…‘I'm come home: I'd lost my way on the moor!’…Terror made me cruel; and finding it useless to attempt shaking the creature off, I pulled its wrist on to the broken pane, and rubbed it to and fro till then blood ran down and soaked the bedclothes: still it wailed, ‘Let me in!’…it is twenty years, twenty years. I've been a waif for twenty years!”Catherine aspires to be back in her heaven even being a spirit. But leer self-deceptive decision has made her fall from her and Heathcliff's heaven full of demonic love and her never docile or submissive nature has drawn her out of her and Edgar's heaven filled with civilized emptiness in the meantime. She pushes herself into her tragedy, the endless dilemma between her love and marriage, which won't end up with her death.Bibliography：1.Bronte Emily，Wuthering Heights，Beijing：Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press，London：Oxford University Press 19952.Freud Sigmund，Interpretation of Dreams，Beijing：Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press 20013.Travis Trysh，Heathcliff and Cathy，the Dysfunctional Couple，The Chronicle of Higher Education，Washington，20014.Steinitz Rebecca，Diaries and Displacement in Wuthering Heights，Studies in the Novel，Denton，2000 里面有你需要的英语论文，我载老一篇，不合适切看下嘛，呵呵！！！
Good and Evil Described by Dickens: An Analysis of Typical Characters in Oliver TwistAbstractCharles Dickens is the greatest representative of English critical realism in the nineteenth century. One of Dickens’ favorite novels Oliver Twist is known all over the world for the well-portrayed characters. In Oliver Twist, dozens of characters are well portrayed, including good and evil. This thesis analyzes some of the typical characters in the novel. First, the child hero of the novel, Oliver Twist, is good incarnation described by Dickens; Oliver possess many precious characteristics. Second, Fagin and Sikes’ evil exposes completely and arouses readers antipathy and wrath. Finally, the complex poor character, Nancy, has conflicts between her inner conscience and her devotion to Sikes. Ultimately, she risks her life to help Oliver, which commits one of the most noble acts of kindness in the story. So the conclusion draws that Dickens believes that most people were good at heart, but at times, their good impulses could be distorted by terrible environments.Key Words: Charles Dickens; Oliver Twist; goodness; nature; evil; ferocity 摘 要查尔斯�6�1狄更斯是19世纪英国伟大的批判现实主义作家。《雾都孤儿》是狄更斯最喜欢的作品之一，也由于作者对小说人物的成功刻画而闻名遐迩。在《雾都孤儿》中，许多的人物被成功的塑造，包括善良的和邪恶的。这篇论文分析了小说中的一些典型人物。首先，是儿童主人公奥利佛尔�6�1特维斯特是狄更斯笔下善良的化身，他拥有许多难能可贵的性格特征。其次，费金和塞克斯罪恶形象的充分暴露引起了读者的反感和憎恶。最后，可怜而又性格复杂的南茜陷入良心的发现和对爱人忠诚的两难境地。最终，她冒着生命危险帮助奥利佛尔是小说中最崇高的善行之一。通过对《雾都孤儿》典型人物的分析，可以得出这样的结论：狄更斯相信大多数人的内心是善良的，但有时，一些人的善念也许会因糟糕的外界环境而扭曲。关键词：查尔斯�6�1狄更斯、奥利佛尔�6�1特维斯特、善良、本性、罪恶、凶残希望你满意！
学术堂整理了十五个好写的英语文学类论文题目，供大家进行参考：1、亚伯拉罕林肯的民主思想初探 (A Preliminary Research on Abraham Lincoln’s Thought of Democracy)2、评析《傲慢与偏见》的男主人公达西 (MrDarcy in Pride and Prejudice)3、《简爱》的圣经情书 (The Relationship Between Jane Eyre and the Bible)4、库区三角浮出水面——万州、开县、云阳经济宏图 (The Triangle of Reservoir Region Is Surfacing—Wanzhou, Kaixian and Yunyang Open a Great Diagram of Economy)5、会话中的合作原则和礼貌原则 (Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle in Conversation)6、浅析海明威笔下圣地亚哥与其它主人公之异同 (Analysis of the Similarities and Differences Between Santiago and Other Heroes by Hemingway)7、对嘉尔曼的偏见 (The Prejudice Against Carmen)8、简爱——关于简爱的性格评论 (Jane Eyre—A Review of Jane Eyre’s Character in Jane Eyre)9、《呼啸山庄》中凯瑟琳和希斯克力夫之间的苦痛恋情 (The Suffering Love Between Catherine and Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights)10、简评妥协——研究《傲慢与偏见》(A Brief Comment on the Compromise—A Study of Pride and Prejudice)11、《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻面面观 (Analysis of the Marriages in Pride and Prejudice)12、试论简奥斯汀生活对其小说的影响 (On the Impact of Jane Austen’s Life on Her Novels)13、“真实的诺言”与传统文化的碰撞——简析“真人秀”的实质和本地化过程 (When True Lies Challenge Tradition—An Analysis of the Reality and Localization of Reality TV)14、从台湾问题看中美关系 (The Sino-US Relation—The Taiwan Issue)15、《傲慢与偏见》的生命力 (The Great Vitality of Pride and Prejudice)
《David ·section wave 》BE 19 century England criticize realism master more of a representative work.In the novel which has a strong autobiography color, more the use "the history and experience of little David's oneself", never little aspect review and tallied up own living road, reflected his life philosophy and morals ideal.The article passes host the joys and sorrows of male David's whole life, announcing to public multi-layerly at that time a social true feature, outstanding earth's surface now money's corrosion to the marriage, family and the society function.All of the formations of a series tragedy are what money causeses in the novel.The virtuous the mother who cheat to marry David is a her property;Loving the's eloping is through can not stand peculiarly come-on;The gram is a pain and sufferings, the despair of the sea isn't the bad result that the money results in neither.And mean mean person's hopings also in the money to lure a next move to tread the degenerative, coming to a shameful end of imprisonment for life finally.More the is setting out from the thought of humanitarianism, exposing the crime of money, uncovering the beautiful purdah of"Victoria peaceful times" thus, presenting to conceal afterward social true facts.Mold in the person up, David ·section wave the poured into the author's all strenuous efforts doubtless.Is his orphan in spite of, ages suffer of various whet difficult and sad, be still he struggles unyieldingly after becoming adult, all expressing a small pota to look for the painful process of exit in the capitalism society.Experience greatly bitter and big and difficult taste David of[with] the human life happiness and the warmth behind, what to depend is he sincerity, keep a rate of character, actively heading up of spirit, and to the heart of the person's clean and pure friendly affection.Annie is also the ideal female whom the author puts forth effort to beautify.She current and outside beautiful looks, and then have endocentric virtue, since the fortitude and resilience doesn't pull out ground to protect to is subjected to the old father that the rare bullies, and then supports David of bitterness of suffering the frustrate.Her end and David combine, is "thought and aim of consistent", this kind of perfect marriage makes the novelistic coda ocean overflow one parties happiness and hope of atmosphere.All of them are more a the ideal incarnation of the propertied class humanitarianism of.Formation and of this kind of thought more the is personal of career's ising friendly and bad is an inseparable.He always thinks being placed in is subjected to the common run of people of oppressing the position, its teachings the virtuous thoughts and feelings is by long odds in those ruler, oppressors.BE exactly according to this kind of conviction, in the novel many common run of peoples if the fisherman opens up a fruit to lift, sea , though house poverty if wash, have never been subjected to an education, have one truly plain, docile of heart, with full of of the suggest blessing and it make for become fresh and clear contrast.
英语本科毕业论文范文摘要、关键词、目录、正文、参考文献、感谢词都有
百度撒，谷歌撒，搜狗撒
关于这方面研究的最新进展和相关的论文题目可以看下品学论文网的，我的硕士小论文就是求助品学论文的老师搞定的，真的是非常效率加专业，很快就给我了，论文的修改过程也很顺利，投稿到录用来回只用了一个多月，比起同学发表的文章来说真的是超级速度了。
毕业论文检测系统软件 ，有免费试用优惠哦
议论文是以议论为主要表达方式，通过摆事实，讲道理，直接表达作者的观点和主张的常用文体。接下来给大家分享英语议论文模板及范文，供参考。
Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)
Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2-3个赞成的理由)
However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点) Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2-3个反对的理由)
Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)
Nowadays,there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive
aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To
begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same
time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
Shall we send children to study abroad?
With more and more people becoming rich in recent years, it is a new tendency for them to send their children to study abroad. But I don’t think it is a good idea. First of all, children are too young to look after themselves. Second, the language barrier is a serious problem. Many children are not proficient in the foreign language before going abroad. As a result, they have difficulty in understanding what the native speakers are talking about. Third, they may get into trouble when dealing with various situations for lack of knowledge of the customs in the strange land. Furthermore, the cost of living is much higher than that in our country, which might cause a heavy burden to the family. #p#分页标题#e#
In conclusion, there are more disadvantages in sending children to study abroad. So, we’d better not do it.
英语写作能力的培养不是一日之功，必须从平时的练习中一点点培养。巧用一些经典句型会为作文添加一点亮色，多得一点印象分。本文整理了英语议论文常用的开头和结尾，希望对大家有帮助。
要求文章结构必须十分严谨，文章各个部分的功能都要十分清晰，开头、中间和结尾都有严格的要求。英语议论文共有三大特点：
1、观点鲜明的开头
2、紧扣主题的结尾
3、有主题句并且衔接自然的中间段落
另外，英语文章和汉语不同的是段落的主题句一定要放在段首，而不能按照中文的写作习惯放在段落的中间或者最后，换句话说，每段的内容都是根据首句来展开的，其顺序不能颠倒。
在中心统一这个问题,应该遵循英文议论文的写作思路和习惯：表示支持则旗帜鲜明地支彻彻底底地反对，而不能采取“墙头草两边倒”的做法。
1.It goes without saying that…不言而喻…
2.It can be said with certainty that…可以肯定地说……
3.As the proverb says，正如谚语所说的，
4.It has to be noticed that…必须注意到…
5.It's generally recognized that…普遍认为…
1. It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.
很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展
2. From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.
在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理.
3. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that……
我无法完全同意这一观点
4.As far as I am concerned/In my opinion……
就我而言……
5. Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ……
最后，坦率地说，还有另外一个实际的原因……
当英语论文，或其他重要的英文文书的初稿撰写完成后，在提交给相关读者阅读之前，必须要经过润色才比较保险。找北京译顶科技，性价比高，我就是在那边做的。你可以加速去知道了解下
翻译是一门语言的艺术，下文是我为大家整理的关于2017英语翻译论文 范文 的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考! 2017英语翻译论文范文篇1 学翻译中意境的传递 关键词：意境 传递 模糊 语言 摘 要：意境是中国传统美学的核心范畴，具有情景交融、虚实相生的特点，使读者浮想联翩，如临其境，感同身受。意境的传递受到多种因素的影响，如译者的审美能力和 文学再创造能力、语言差异和 文化 差异。意境的核心内容是模糊美，译者需要巧妙运用模糊语言来传递原文的意境。 一、引 言 意境是中国传统美学的核心范畴，凝结了中国人的 哲学 智慧和 艺术 经验 。道家的本无之论和佛禅的空观是意境诞生的哲学前提，意境的提出受到了佛、道、禅的影响，美学正是在与宗教、哲学的区别中找到了自己的独特规定。(刘成纪，2006：87，92)根据《辞海》(1999年版)的解释，意境是文学作品中所描绘的客观图景与所表现的思想感情融合一致而形成的一种艺术境界。具有虚实相生、意与境谐、深邃幽远的审美特征，能使读者产生想象和联想，如入其境，在思想感情上受到感染。中国的古典文论独标境界，以意境之高下来衡量作品的艺术价值。优秀的文学艺术往往能使情与景、意与境相交融，塑造鲜明生动的艺术形象，产生强烈的感染力。 茅盾曾为文学翻译下过一个定义：“文学的翻译是用另一种语言，把原作的艺术意境传达出来，使读者在读译文的时候能够像读原作时一样得到启发，感动和美的感受。”(茅盾，1984：10)不少人认为文学翻译是以意境的传达和再现作为自己的最高目标。意境的营造已属不易，而要在翻译中用一种语言再现另一种语言所烘托的意境就更是难上加难。“意境由意象群组合而成，它浑融诸意象，而超越于意象之和。”(吴战垒，1991：41)刘禹锡曾说：“义得而言丧，故微而难能;境生于象外，故精而寡合。”这说明“意境产生于意象又超越于意象，可意会而不可言传”(龚光明，2004：38)。翻译时译者要如何处理这种不可言传性，在译文里再现原文的意境，对自身无疑是一种高难度的挑战。其实，意境再现是一种翻译的理想境界，有时很难实现，毕竟不同国家和不同民族在语言、文化和思维等方面存在许多差异。不过，译者可通过自身的努力，用另一种语言来传递原作的意境。 二、影响意境传递的主要因素 意境的传递受到许多因素的影响。既然是翻译，就一定会涉及原文和译文、译者和读者。意境属于美学范畴。“翻译美学的研究对象是翻译中的审美客体(原文、译文)，翻译中的审美主体(译者、读者)，翻译中的审美活动，翻译中的审美判断，审美欣赏，审美标准以及翻译过程中富有创造性的审美再现等等。”(毛荣贵，2005：7)意境的再现或传递要求译者在翻译时“不仅要达意，还要传情，要引起读者身临其境的审美冲动”(陆洋，2005：50)。译者的审美能力和文学再创造能力是影响意境传递的主观因素，而语言差异和文化差异则是影响意境传递的客观因素。 1.译者的审美能力和文学再创造能力 译者的审美能力决定了译作的美感层次。译者从事翻译活动时是“由多种 心理要素及其功能关系组合而成，这些心理要素通力合作，才能保证译者审美经验(美感)的最终实现”(屠国元、袁圆，2006：25)。文学翻译的艺术性强调了译者对原作的思想内容与艺术风格的审美把握，要求译者以再现原作的艺术美为旨归。因此文学翻译的过程可以简单表述为“感受美—体验美—理解美—表达美”。译者要再现或传递原文的意境，自己就必须能够感知原文的意境美、体验并理解这种美，然后在译文中再现或传递原文的意境。 “意境的创造要求达到物我水乳交融，即意与境浑，心与物共。”(孙迎春，2002：87)作者是意境的创造者，他的主观心灵与客观事物相融合而产生某种意境。译者首先是原文的读者，需要细心品味文中之境，让自己如身临其境般去体验作者的审美情感，之后通过再创造将原文的意境传达给译文的读者。文学作品通常蕴涵丰富的思想内容和艺术技巧，因此译者要具备一定的文化修养和人生经历才能比较全面深刻地理解原作的意境，才能将译文读者带到原文的意境美中去。 郭沫若曾说：“翻译是一种创造性的 工作，好的翻译等于创作，甚至还可能超过创作。这不是一件平庸的工作，有时候翻译比创作还要困难。”(郭沫若，1984：22)翻译的创造性性质属于二度创造，也就是再创造。译者需要深入了解原文作者艺术创造的过程，把握原作的精神，然后用适当的语言在译文里再现或传达原作的内容、风格和意境等。文学再创造不是词对词、句对句的转换，译者为了再现或传递原作的意境，不应拘泥于原文的形式框架。“译者的创造不是指语义内容层面上的变化，而是指艺术心理的发挥。”(姜秋霞，2000：260)译者首先要感知原作的意境，再通过审美心理要素的作用，使心物交融，获取审美意象，然后用另一种语言再造象外之意的意境。 2.语言差异和文化差异 翻译需要进行语言文化的对比研究，认识差异并寻求穿越差异的 方法 。就汉语和 英语 而言，两者属于不同的语言体系，这就注定它们之间的翻译不能完全对等。比如中 英文 诗歌的互译就常常遇到难题，因为汉语的平仄和英语的十二音节诗句的韵律效果是不同的。汉语是一种意境语言，“只要排列出奇，组合得当，三言两语就能出景、出情，情景交融”(毛荣贵，2005：220)。而英语则注重逻辑分析，少了“虚”和“意”，更多的是“实”和“境”。例如：余冬日往视，但见衰柳寒烟，一水茫茫而已。此汉语 句子 里有“意”——衰、寒、茫茫，有“境”——冬日、柳、烟、水，可以说是情景交融，让人充满联想和感触。试比较林语堂的英译：I went there, however, on a winter day and saw only a stretch of cold water against some sparse willow trees and a frosty sky. 虽说林译切合原文，也传达了原文的情与景，但由于英语没有汉语那么多产生朦胧美的词，使得译者无法完全再现和传递中文原句特有的意境。 文学翻译并不是发生在真空中，当两种语言发生碰撞时，它们是在两种文化传统的背景下进行的。由于不同的文化会有不同的表达特色，所以每一种文化都存在于与另一种文化相互作用的 环境中。(王宁，2006：46，48)中国文学作品，特别是中国古典诗词，常常具有一词多义、象征性、审美意象和隐喻等特征，字里行间别有一番韵味和意境。要 体会和理解其中的深意，需要读者具备一定的 中国 文化修养和 文学功底，因此，译者要向另一种文化背景的读者传递原文的意境的确是不易。“文化具有一贯性、持久性，渗透于 社会生活的各个方面。 语言是文化的载体，具有深刻的文化内涵，因此不同的文化中很难找到意义完全对等的词语。”(廖七一，2002：276)例如，唐朝诗人孟郊的《古离别》：“欲去牵郎衣，郎今去何处?不恨归来迟，莫向临邛去!”许渊冲的英译是：I hold your robe lest you should go /Where are you going, dear, today? / Your late return brings me less woe / Than your heart b Eing stolen away.文中的临邛不仅指地名，更是一种文化意象，出自司马相如与卓文君的 故事 。“莫向临邛去”意思是不要效仿司马相如另寻新欢。由于临邛所承载的文化意象对英译本读者来说比较陌生，无法用简练的诗歌语言翻译出来，所以许渊冲不得不进行再创造，把原文隐含的意境直接用 英语 表达出来。 三、模糊语言与意境的传递 语言模糊性是语言自身的特点之一，具有较高的审美价值。语言文字构成文学作品，作家用语言文字来传达文学形象。“文学审美中的非物质形态即意象、情感、意境、风格等这些非表象要素代表文学作品的气质，虽然可感，但又因难以捉摸、不可计量而模糊。”(毛荣贵，2005：230)文学语言的模糊化是作家对语言做 艺术 处理的结果。美学意义上的所谓“模糊语言”，是指语词具有朦胧而又广远的语义外延。从一定意义上说，就是不穷自己所欲言，不“嚼饭与人”，不无视或低估受众的能动;而是让读者独立思考，让读者驰骋想象，让读者享受咀嚼。(毛荣贵、范武邱，2005：11)模糊语言调动了审美主体，扩大了审美客体，从而扩大艺术空间，增加阅读美感。意境理论最核心的内容就是模糊美，或者说含蓄美、朦胧美。 意境是中国古代文论的核心范畴，它的产生和流传是中国影响外国，有着中国的特色。汉民族善于由具体到抽象的联想综合，在文字表达中强调整体的表达，主张藏而不露，欣赏似是而非、只可意会的意境。汉语表达注重整体感应，是一种意境性语言，讲究意合意会，不注重分析和逻辑;而英语则讲逻辑、重分析、求形合，欣赏客观描述，漠视整体感应。汉英翻译的憾事之一就是眼睁睁地看着汉语模糊美感的磨蚀。由此可见，在文学翻译中要完全再现原文的意境是多么困难，在很多情况下只能力求传达或传递原文的意境。 四、结语 中国传统美学崇尚意境美，追求实境与虚境的和谐统一。作者通过形象化的艺术描写手法，将读者引入一个充满想象的艺术境界。意境的基本特点是情景交融，虚实相生，具有较强的审美冲击力，使读者如临其境，感同身受。意境产生于意象又超越于意象，具有可意会而不可言传性，文学翻译中意境的传递受到多种因素的影响，因此要再现原文的意境十分困难。为了更好地向译文读者传递原文的意境，译者必须提高自身的审美能力和文学再创造能力，把握两种语言的语言差异和文化差异，巧妙运用模糊语言来传递意境，体现出意境的核心内容——模糊美，即含蓄美、朦胧美。 参考 文献 ： [1] 龚光明.翻译思维学[M].上海：上海社会 科学 院出版社，2004. [2] 郭沫若. 论文 学翻译 工作[A].翻译研究论文集(1949-1983)[C].北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1984. [3] 姜秋霞.佳境生象外——文学翻译的美学随想[A].翻译思考录[C].武汉：湖北 教育 出版社，2000. [4] 廖七一.当代西方翻译理论探索[M].南京：译林出版社，2002. [5] 刘成纪.重谈中国美学意境之诞生[J].求是学刊，2006：(5). [6] 陆洋.论“美译”——林语堂翻译研究[J].中国翻译，2005：(5). 2017英语翻译论文范文篇2 论文学翻译中的再创造 摘要 翻译是一门语言的艺术，文学翻译更是如此，与其他文本类型相比较，文学翻译具有其独特的创造性。本文探讨了文学翻译再创造的必然性以及译者在对文学作品进行再创造时要考虑的四个层面：历史层面、宗教层面、文化层面和语言结构层面。 关键词：文学翻译 再创造 层面 中国的翻译可谓源远流长，有两千多年的历史传统。随着翻译这一门学科的不断发展，人们对翻译理论的探讨也不断深化。各种翻译理论层出不穷，释道安的“五失本”，玄奖的“喻俗”，严复的“信达雅”，到鲁迅提出的“宁信而不顺”，傅雷的“神似”，钱钟书的“化镜”，再到我们现在通用的“忠实、通顺”等等，都对翻译作过精辟的论述。但文学翻译却有别于其他文本的翻译，具有其独特性。它是一种跨文化的语言艺术，要求把一种语言所表达的思想内容和风格特色用另外一种语言准确地重新表达出来。译者在翻译的过程会受制于诸如历史、文化等外部因素，使得翻译活动与前人所提出的“忠实”背道而驰。“忠实”的翻译原则似乎不能给文学翻译以有效的指导，在文学翻译中究竟要采取什么样的翻译策略，如何跨越不同文化之间的鸿沟去理解与再现他国的文学作品，这些都是文学翻译面临的挑战。 一 文学翻译再创造的必然性 译者是原文和译文之间的“媒人”，原文经过译者的加工而转换成译文。从翻译活动的开始到翻译活动的结束，原文是译文的出发点，离开了原文，翻译便无从谈起;而译文却是原文的归宿，翻译活动的最终目的是把原文转换成译语读者能读懂的信息。当一种语言环境下产生的作品被移植到另一语言环境中时，译者要让译文在译入语环境中产生与原文最为相似的效果，在这一过程中，译者的重要性不言而喻。中国传统翻译理论强调“忠实”而忽视“创造”。在过去如果有人提出翻译的创造性，就往往会被指责为误译、滥译、胡译。这实际上是曲解了创造性的真正含义，错误地把创造性当作了任意性，不能把握译者在翻译过程中主观能动性的“度”。 “过度”的创造确实会歪曲原作的内容，破坏原作的意境，但是“适度”的创造在表达原作方面起着积极的作用。好的文学作品的翻译离不开译者的再创造，忠实只是再创造的基础，但忠实的译文并不等于好的译文，太过“忠实”的译文不能满足译入语读者的期待，这好比是给译者套上了沉重的枷锁，禁锢了译者的思想，忽略了译者的主观能动性，在难译和不可译的地方，只能采取“死译”，因而与翻译的初衷背道而驰。再者，文学翻译除了要传递原文的意义外，还要涉及到复杂的审美活动。文学作品包含了作者的思想感情，是情与景交融的产物，译者在理解原文的过程中也会不可避免地受到价值评判标准、文化修养、生活阅历及审美情趣等因素的影响。因此，“再创造”这种主观的能动参与是无法避免的。 茅盾先生说过文学翻译是用另一种语言把原作的艺术意境传达出来，使读者在读译文的时候能够像读原作时一样得到启发、感动和美的感受。在文学翻译的过程中，只有根据实际情况酌情对原文进行再创造，才有可能译出好的译文。当有人把“The man is the blacksheep of family.”译成“那人是家里的黑羊”时，确实让人啼笑皆非了一把。这就是典型的“忠实”的翻译。译文确实以最大程度呈现出了原文的字面意思，但是译得很失败。译者完全陷入了所谓的“忠实”翻译，译得一字不差，但却译得不知所云。如果对原文进行创造性翻译，考虑到喻体在中国人心中的形象，将blacksheep译成“害群之马”，问题便迎刃而解。还有些译文不是对与错的关系，而是合适与不合适的关系了。 培根在《论读书》中的第一句话可谓是众所周知了，“Sdudies serve for delight,for ornament and,for ability”。如果根椐字面意思译为“读书可以让人们感觉很愉快，可以增添光彩也能增长才干”，确实让人大跌眼镜，原文的美感全无，原文的排比结构也无从体现。故王佐良先生在理解的基础上对原文进行了再创造，将其译为“读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才”，成为了精典译作。由此可见，文学翻译确实有其自身的特点，需要艺术性地进行再创造。 二 文学翻译再创造的层面 1 历史层面 不同的国家和民族都经历过其自身的历史演变，而作为历史文化载体的语言在这一过程中发挥着重要的作用。民族历史的差异造成了语言的差异，这种差异在文学作品中有不同的表达方式。因此，在翻译过程中，必须顾及到不同文化在历史中的积淀、 思维方式 及表达情感的方式等不同民族的习惯。毛泽东的《七律?送瘟神》里面有一句：“春风杨柳万千条，六亿神州尽尧舜。”有人译为： “Spring winds move willow wands,in tens of million:Six hundred million we shall all be Yao Shun.” 这是不合适的译文，汉语诗句中的意思不难理解，“神州”指的就是中国，“舜尧”则是中国古代两位最英明的帝王，这里引申为圣贤之人，这是译入语读者不知晓的信息，显然不能直接音译。只能进行再创造： “Spring winds move willow wands,in tens of million:Six hundred million we shall all be Sage-Kings.” 这样一来，译文中的“Sage-Kings(贤明之主)”更忠实于原文。《红楼梦》第三回有一段文字用来描写林黛玉的“稀世”之美： “两弯似蹙非蹙蹙烟眉，一双似喜非喜含露目。态生两靥之愁，娇袭一身之病。泪光点点，娇喘微微。闲静时如娇花照水，行动处似弱柳扶风。心较比干多一窍，病如西子胜三分。” 霍克斯(David Hawks)译为： She had more chambers in her heart than the martyred Bi Gan;and suffered a tithe more pain in it than the beautiful Xi Shi.(David Hawks,1973) 国外的读者理解不了上面的表达，因为比干、西施是中国历史上著名的人物，前者代表着智慧和忠诚，后者代表着绝世的美艳。此处如果不采取加注的方式对原文进行再创造，译文的失败在所难免。 2 宗教层面 宗教在文明社会的形成和发展中起着重要的作用，是人类文化的重要组成部分，它指的是由民族的宗教信仰、意识形态等所形成的文化。中国的三大宗教在中国民众心中有深远的影响。而在西方人心目中，耶稣的位置不可替代，____贯穿了社会生活的各个领域，成为西方文化的主体特征之一。由此演变出很多与宗教相关的词汇，它们承载着特殊的涵义。在宗教文化的影响下，有些词语的长期使用，其含义已远远地超出了原来宗教词语的含义，随着词语使用环境的不同，其含义也有所不同，如果不进行再创造，往往不能传达这些词的全部含义，造成文本的信息丢失。在《红楼梦》的第六回，刘姥姥说：“谋事在人，成事在天。” 英国翻译家大卫?霍克斯(David Hawkes)将这句话译为“Man proposes,God disposes”。他用英语 谚语 来对译汉语 成语 ，似乎是神形兼备。“天”译为God”。而“God”的意思是____中的上帝，原句中的“天”却是一个道教概念。这使得东方道教和西方基督____的文化差异和宗教渊源无从体现。西方读者会以为《红楼梦》里的人物信奉着基督____样作品的原汁原味就丧失了。翻译家杨宪益先生将这句话译为：“Man proposes，Heaven dosposes.”他将“天”直译为“Heaven”，保存了原文中的道教色彩，使原作的文化特色得以再现。 3 文化层面 文化是指人类社会历史实践过程中所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和。不同的国家、不同的民族都有自己的文化，这些文化特征又在不同程度上体现在一个民族的文学作品中。在翻译的过程中灵活地采取不同的翻译方法来排除文化差异，以达到文化再现的目的。由于不同民族的文化背景各不相同，致使相同的表达在不同语言文化中所传递的内涵也大不一样。英汉语分属两个截然不同的语系，受语言和文化的特殊性的影响，不同的国家赋予词汇的意义也各不相同，在翻译时若一味“对号人座”、望文生义，不仅令人费解，而且也不能准确地表达原文真正的涵义，因此只能采用意译法恰当地进行翻译，以再现原文的神韵和意境。这方面的例子不胜枚举。例如：“Bush eats no fish and plays the game”，如果把它译成“布什不吃鱼还玩游戏”则让人莫名其妙。 查阅相关资料，了解到在伊丽莎白女王时代，教徒们为了表示绝对的忠诚，反对罗马天主教在星期五只吃鱼的习俗，所以有了“不吃鱼”这个说法，此处我们把“不吃鱼”创造性地译为“忠诚”;而“play the game”义同“play fair”，大体上是指公平地比赛，根据具体的语境在此处译为为人正直。所以上面的句子若能译为“布什既忠诚又正直”则更为达意。此外，中西文化中的“龙”也是很好的例证。在中国文化中，“龙”象征“权力、地位”，古代的皇帝都坐喜欢坐在龙椅上大概就是这个原因了;而在西方文化中，“龙”却是邪恶的象征，是一种不讨人喜欢的喷火的动物。因此，在翻译时就要准确地把握该词所在的语境。 4 语言结构层面 英语和汉语是两种不同的语言，属于不同的语系。英语隶属于印欧语系，而汉语则是汉藏语系;英语采用26个字母为其语言的表达符号，而汉语则在象形文字的基础上传情达意;汉语是螺旋式思维，而英语是直线式思维;英语重形合，而汉语重意合。这些差异使得译者在翻译过程中必须得斟词酌句、深思熟虑。如果把“The coat is nice and cheap”译为“这件外套漂亮和便宜”就失去汉语的意味了，因为原句中“nice”和“cheap”的搭配可谓是相得益彰，符合以英语为母语的读者们的审美观，但在翻译的过程中忽略了汉语语言的特点，失去了原文的“美”，若能此处译为“这件外套物美价廉”，则带给中国读者完全不同的感觉。译文充分考虑到了汉语语言结构特点，采用四个字的成语表达，符合中国人的思维，最自然最贴切地再现了原文。在英译汉的过程中，有些时候还要转换词语的词性，译文若采取与原文同样的词性，可能会造成“只可意会，不可言传”或是译文晦涩难懂的局面。如：“Independent observers have commented favourably on the achievements you have made in this direction.”翻译成了“有独立见解的观察家们对你们在这方面取得的成就给予了很好的评价。”译文把句中的动词“commented”译为了名词“评价”，而原句中修饰动词的副词“favourably”也相应地转译成汉语的形容词。 三 结语 文学翻译是一门艺术，而创造是表现这门艺术的唯一途径。翻译比写作更难，这是因为作家可根据自己的经验随意进行发挥、自由创作，而译者的翻译受原作内容与艺术意境的制约，可供译者驰骋的空间只有方寸之地。即使对那些“文化空白性”事物的翻译也不是任意的，既要使原文的艺术意境能顺利地“化出”，又要能为本族语的读者所接受，除了进行恰当的“创造”与“叛逆”，译者恐怕也别无他法。所谓百分之百的忠实只能是一种错觉。译者在翻译中必须借助自身的文化修养和经验水平，在“忠实”和“再创造”之间找到一个平衡点;只有这样，才能翻译出优秀的作品。 参考文献： [1] 中国翻译工作者协会翻译通讯编辑部：《翻译研究论文集》，外语教学与研究出版社，1984年版。 [2] 常敬宇：《汉语词汇与文化》，北京大学出版社，1998年版。 [3] 臧克家讲解，周振甫注：《毛主席诗词十八首讲解》，中国青年出版社，1957年版。 [4] 谭晓鸣：《文化差异与文学翻译障碍》，《科技信息》，2008年第28期。 [5] 黄顺红：《文学翻译中的文化差异与信息求真》，《焦作大学学报》，2008年第1期。 [6] 孟健、王春：《比较之中出鉴别――文学翻译中风格的传达》，《湖南医科大学学报》，2009年第1期。
我有时会莫名奇妙的笑，也会莫明的一种痛，只因为想到了你。 Sometimes I laugh inexplicably, but also a kind of pain, just because I think of you. 时常以一个孩童眼光去打量这个世界，你会发现生活其实很美好。 When you look at the world from the perspective of a child, you will find that life is actually very beautiful. 就这样吧，从此山水不相逢。 Thats it. From then on, the mountains and rivers dont meet. 路在脚下，用心去走。只要你肯迈步。路就会在你脚下延伸。 The road is at your feet. Go with your heart. As long as youre willing to step. The road will stretch under your feet. 最怕的不是爱到了分手，而是还没有爱过呢？就已经分手了。 What I fear most is not to break up when I love you, but that I have never loved you? Ive already broken up. 不许哭，连你都是我的，更别说眼泪了。 Dont cry, even you are mine, let alone tears. 别人对你真，不是自己来的。是你自己争取来的。 Other people treat you seriously, not by themselves. You won it yourself. 我说没关系，然后你就肆无忌惮伤我到体无完肤。 I said it doesnt matter, and then you hurt me to the skin. 这一生真是坎坷，遇见你又弄丢你。 This life is really rough, meet you and lose you. 奉劝各位：除了灾难、病痛，时时刻刻要快乐。 I advise you to be happy all the time except disaster and illness.