1.史蒂芬·（Steve Jobs） 苹果电脑CEO2006年，斯坦福大学记着你总会逝世去，是我知道的避免患得患失的最佳方法。赤条条来去无挂念，还有什么理由不随你的心。你的时光是有限的，因此不要把时间花在过别人的生活上。不要被教条所困——让自己的生涯成为别人主意的成果。不要让他人的看法吞没了你自己心坎的声音。最重要的是，要有勇气追随你的本心与直觉。它们好歹已经知道你真正想让本人成为什么。其余的，都是次要的。保持饥饿。保持笨拙。2.杰瑞·朱克（Jerry Zucker） 导演、电影制片人2003年，威斯康辛大学如果你终生都在睡觉，你的幻想是否实现就无关紧要了。问你自己一个问题：如果我不是必须做得完善，那我还尽力什么呢？没有人会像你自己那样对自己的失败那么在意。你是唯一沉沦于你自己的重要性的人。对其他所有人来说，你只是雷达荧光屏上的一个光点。所以，只管前行吧。3.马克·刘易斯（Mark Lewis） 教学、临床心理学家2000年，德克萨斯大学（奥斯汀）有时候你会干得很美丽，有时候你会失败。但二者都不是的量度。成功的量度是你自己对你的所为怎么看。让我换一句话说：让自己幸福的办法是喜欢你自己，爱好你自己的办法是只做让你自己觉得自豪的事情。有一个老的笑话，不是很可笑，它是这么说的：“无论你去到哪里，你总是你。”这是真的。你一生中跟你在一起最多的人是你自己，如果你不喜欢你自己，那你就会总是跟你不喜欢的人在一起。4.大卫·福斯特·华莱士（David Foster Wallace） 小说家2005年，肯尼恩学院有两条小鱼在一起游泳，一天他们碰劲碰到了一条老鱼。老鱼向他们拍板，并说：“早上好，孩子们。水怎么样？”这两条小鱼持续往前游，其中一条小鱼切实忍不住了，问另一条小鱼：“水是什么东西？”……简略的意识，对咱们生活中如斯实在、如此必不可少、无处不在、无时不在的事物的意识，须要我们一遍一遍地提示自己：“这是水。”“这是水。”在一天又一天的成人间界中做到这点，坚持意识苏醒而鲜活，是不可设想地难。5.约翰·沃尔什（John Walsh） 作家跟艺术历史学家2000年，惠顿神学院一次做一件事情。给你每一次阅历全体的留神力。努力抵御被别的声色之物和其他设法、任务分心。一旦分心了，领导你的内心从新回到你做的事情上。我不是在反对学习多个学科的众多常识，鉴赏力真的很有用。我所忠告的是分心与烦扰，无论是你自动招惹的，仍是让它产生的，就像我毕生所做的那样。在棒球场上，得分高的击球员对此有更深领会：他们谈的是“专注”，他们把它看得跟力气一样主要。在心理学家的描写中，高技巧的攀岩者、网球活动员、钢琴家已经超出了专注，到达了他们所称的教训之“流”，那是一种跟岩石、网球或音乐融为一体的感到，“我vs.它”未然消散，跟义务合二为一，给人以更高程度的愉悦体验，而不仅仅是胜利地完成了任务。我有这种体验，固然很少，但来得还不算迟，或者你也有这种体验。这是最高情势的快活。假如你一次专一于做一件事件，你就会有更多这样的休会。6.迈克尔·奥斯兰（Michael Uslan） 片子制片人2006年，印第安纳大学你必须信任你自己和你的工作。当我们第一部电影《蝙蝠侠》创下前所未有的票房纪录时，我接到了艺术家结合会会长的电话，他在数年之前曾跟我谈过，他说我疯了。现在他说，“迈克尔，我给你打电话不仅是庆祝蝙蝠侠的成功，我说过你是一位妄想家。”你看，要害在这里，当他们说你有多差，你的想法有多糟的时候，不要信他们的话，同时，当他们告知你你有如许了不起，你的想法多美好时，也不要相信他们。你就只相信你自己，你会做好的。还有，是的，不要忘却倾销你自己和你的想法。左右大脑你都得用。你的挫败感阈值必定得高。想想那些被好莱坞每一家制片厂谢绝的人。你必须去敲一扇扇的门，直到指节流血。大门会在你眼前砰然关上，你必需重振旗鼓，弹去身上的灰尘，再敲下一扇门。这是实现你人生目的的独一措施。7.大卫·L·卡尔霍恩（David L. Calhoun） 商人2005年，弗吉尼亚理工大学我在GE为一个名叫杰克·韦尔奇的家伙工作了20年。他既是一位伟大的引导者，也是一位伟大的导师。如果我必须找出这么多年他对我说的最大方激动的主题，那就是自信。自信是最重要的，它是成功必不可少的，是所有在其他方面天壤之别的巨大领导者的独特特点。如何取得自负？培育你内心的自信的机密是什么？首先,经典语录，你必须下信心每天都通过你的工作和家庭生活去失掉智力、道德、技巧与专业上的促进。你需要天天问自己：我是在加速还是在撤退？我还在学习吗？我是在反复做同样的事情或就像奥蒂斯·瑞汀所说的那样“坐在海湾的码头上，看潮起潮落”？对学习的盼望是不受年纪限度的。造就自信的另一个重要道路是寻找最难的工作，最单调的迷信、工程或治理的挑衅。8.厄尔·巴肯（Earl Bakken） 商人2004年，夏威夷大学无论怎么考量，大黄蜂从空气能源学上讲是最不健全、不应当会飞的。然而，这个小蜜蜂有着像涡轮喷气飞机一样的翅膀，可能带着它圆乎乎的身材飞到任何动物的花蕊上去采蜜。大黄蜂是最坚韧的生灵，它们不晓得它们不能飞，因而它们只管嗡嗡地把翅膀扇个不停。千万不要屈从于达观。不知道你不会飞，你会飞得像鹰一样高。不要到头来抱怨自己由于自己太勤或太怕高飞而碌碌无为。做一只大黄蜂！飞到天上去！你会做到的。9.布兰德利·惠特福德（Bradley Whitford） 演员2006年威斯康辛-麦迪逊大学第一，爱上进程，结果天然会来。第二，做你的事。第三，一旦你预备好，把你的筹备丢进垃圾桶里。第四，你能做的，超越了你的想象。第五，凝听。第六，采用举动。你有一个抉择。要么你成为环境的被动受害者，要么你成为你自己性命的好汉。行为是冷淡、玩世不恭与失望的解毒剂。10.伍迪·海耶斯（Woody Hayes）大学橄榄球教练1986年俄亥俄州破大学在橄榄球场上，我们总是说其他队克服不了我们。我们必须深信我们不能打垮我们自己。所有人都必须这么做，确保自己不要被自己打垮。你会发明，来得轻易的货色老是一文不值。事实上，我从来没有看到哪位橄榄球运发动带着微笑实现阻截的。素来不。2014年援用最多的毕业典礼演讲词艾瑞克·施密特（Eric Schmidt）GOOGLE总裁2014年，宾夕法尼亚大学关掉你的电脑，关掉你的手机，去发现你四周的人道。什么也比不上牵着你蹒跚学步的孙子的手。
据美国知名媒体评选，下面是近年来美国大学最有影响力的十大毕业典礼演讲：1、史蒂芬·乔布斯（Steve Jobs）苹果电脑CEO 2006年，斯坦福大学“记住你即将死去”是我一生中遇到的最重要箴言。它帮我指明了生命中重要的选择。因为几乎所有的事情，包括所有的荣誉、所有的骄傲、所有对难堪和失败的恐惧，这些在死亡面前都会消失。我看到的是留下的真正重要的东西。你们的时间有限，所以不要将他们浪费在重复其他人的生活上。不要被教条束缚，那意味着你和其他人思考的结果一起生活。不要被其他人喧嚣的观点掩盖你真正的内心的声音。还有最重要的是，你要有勇气去听从你直觉和心灵的指引——它们在某种程度上知道你想要成为什么样子，所有其他的事情都是次要的。求知若饥，虚心若愚！2、杰瑞·朱克（Jerry Zucker）导演、电影制片人 2003年，威斯康辛大学如果你一生都在睡觉，你的梦想是否实现就无关紧要了。问你自己一个问题：如果我不是必须做得完美，那我还努力什么呢？没有人会像你自己那样对自己的失败那么在意。你是唯一沉湎于你自己的重要性的人。对于其他所有人来说，你只是雷达荧光屏上的一个光点。所以，只管前行吧。3、马克·刘易斯（Mark Lewis）教授、临床心理学家 2000年，德克萨斯大学（奥斯汀）有时候你会干得很漂亮，有时候会失败。但这两者都不是成功的量度。成功的量度是你自己对你的所做所为怎么看。让我换一句话说：让自己幸福的办法是喜欢你自己，喜欢你自己的办法是只做让你自己感到骄傲的事情。有一个老的笑话，不是很好笑，它是这么说的：“无论你去到哪里，你总是你。”这是真的。你一生中跟你在一起最多的人是你自己，如果你不喜欢你自己，那你就会总是跟你不喜欢的人在一起。4、大卫·福斯特·华莱士（David Foster Wallace）小说家 2005年，肯尼恩学院有两条小鱼一起游泳，有一天他们遇到了一条老鱼。老鱼向他们点头，并说：“早上好，孩子们。水怎么样？”这两条小鱼继续往前游，其中一条小鱼实在忍不住了，问另一条小鱼：“水是什么东西？”……简单的意识，对我们生活中如此真实、如此必不可少、无处不在、无时不在的事物的意识，需要我们一遍一遍地提醒自己：“这是水。”“这是水。”在一天又一天的成人世界中做到这点，保持意识清醒而鲜活，是不可想象的难。5、约翰·沃尔什（John Walsh）作家和艺术历史学家 2000年，惠顿神学院一次做一件事情，给你每一次经历全部的注意力。努力抵抗被别的声色之物和其他想法、任务分心。一旦分心了，引导你的内心重新回到你做的事情上。我不是在反对学习多个学科的众多知识，鉴赏力真的很有用。我所警告的是分心与干扰，无论是你主动招惹的，还是被动发生的，就像我一生所做的那样。在棒球场上，得分高的击球员对此有更深体会：他们谈的是“专注”，他们把它看得跟力量一样重要。在心理学家的描述中，高技能的攀岩者、网球运动员、钢琴家已经超越了专注，达到了他们所称的经验之“流”，那是一种跟岩石、网球或音乐融为一体的感觉，“我vs.它”已然消失，跟任务合二为一，给人以更高水平的愉悦体验，而不仅仅是成功地完成了任务。我有这种体验，虽然很少，但来得还不算迟，或许你也有这种体验。这是最高形式的快乐。如果你一次专注于做一件事情，你就会有更多这样的体验。6、迈克尔·奥斯兰（Michael Uslan）电影制片人 2006年，印第安纳大学你必须相信你自己和你的工作。当我们第一部电影《蝙蝠侠》创下史无前例的票房纪录时，我接到了艺术家联合会会长的电话，他在数年之前曾跟我谈过，他说我疯了。如今他说，“迈克尔，我给你打电话不只是祝贺蝙蝠侠的成功，我说过你是一位梦想家。”你看，关键在这里，当他们说你有多差，你的想法有多糟的时候，不要信他们的话，同时，当他们告诉你你有多么了不起，你的想法多美妙时，也不要相信他们。你就只相信你自己，你会做好的。还有，不要忘记推销你自己和你的想法。左右大脑你都得用。你的挫败感阈值一定得高。想想那些被好莱坞每一家制片厂拒绝的人。你必须去敲一扇扇的门，直到指节流血。大门会在你面前砰然关上，你必须重振旗鼓，弹去身上的灰尘，再敲下一扇门。这是实现你人生目标的唯一办法。7、大卫·L·卡尔霍恩（David L. Calhoun）商人 2005年，弗吉尼亚理工大学我在GE为一个名叫杰克·韦尔奇的家伙工作了20年。他既是一位伟大的领导者，也是一位伟大的导师。如果我必须找出这么多年他对我说的最慷慨激昂的主题，那就是自信。自信是最重要的，它是成功必不可少的，是所有在其他方面大相径庭的伟大领导者的共同特征。如何获得自信？培养你内心的自信的秘密是什么？首先，你必须下决心每天都通过你的工作和家庭生活去获得智力、道德、技术与专业上的增进。你需要每天问自己：我是在加速还是在后退？我还在学习吗？我是在重复做同样的事情或就像奥蒂斯·瑞汀所说的那样“坐在海湾的码头上，看潮起潮落”？对学习的渴望是不受年龄限制的。培养自信的另一个重要途径是寻找最难的工作，最枯燥的科学、工程或管理的挑战。8、厄尔·巴肯（Earl Bakken）商人 2004年，夏威夷大学从空气动力学上讲，大黄蜂的生理结构是最不健全的，无论怎么说，它是最不擅长飞的。但是，它们还是在不停地飞着，用它那像涡轮喷气式飞机一样的翅膀，带着它圆乎乎的身体飞到任何植物的花蕊上去采蜜。因此，它是最坚韧的生灵，纵然不擅长飞，也努力地扇动翅膀，克服自身的不足，让自己腾空而起。千万不要屈服于悲观。不知道你不会飞，你会飞得像鹰一样高。不要到头来埋怨自己因为自己太懒或太怕高飞而无所作为。做一只大黄蜂！飞到天上去！你会做到的。9、布兰德利·惠特福德（Bradley Whitford）演员 2006年 威斯康辛-麦迪逊大学第一、爱上过程，结果自然会来。第二、做你的事。第三、一旦你准备好，把你的准备丢进垃圾桶里。第四、你能做的，超出了你的想象。第五、聆听。第六、采取行动。你有一个选择。要么你成为环境的被动受害者，要么你成为你自己生命的英雄。行动是冷漠、玩世不恭与绝望的解毒剂。10、伍迪·海耶斯（Woody Hayes）大学橄榄球教练 1986年 俄亥俄州立大学在橄榄球场上，我们总是说其他队战胜不了我们。我们必须坚信我们不能打垮我们自己。所有人都必须这么做，确保自己不要被自己打垮。
毕业论文答辩是一种有组织、有准备、有计划、有鉴定的比较正规的审查论文的重要形式。为了搞好毕业论文答辩，在举行答辩会前，校方、答辩委员会、答辩者(撰写毕业论文的作者)三方都要作好充分的准备。下面是我为您整理的毕业答辩英文演讲稿，供您参考！
Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am **** and my supervisor is ***. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction. The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation.
I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators.
So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.
The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.
So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.
Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.
Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.
Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.
Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices. OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions。
Good morning,
Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ： I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere grat-itude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.
My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts.
The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies.
In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society.
Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Thank you!
Teachers, good afternoon! My name is Chen Jing, the students of class * * * *, my thesis topic is《 the power of the giver and the victim, foucault power interpretation theory perspective, the heroine in “the golden notebook, Anna》，thesis is completed under Wang Zhiqin teacher of meticulous guidance, here, I express my deep appreciation to my supervisor, to the teachers to take part in my thesis express our heartfelt thanks to you for, and for the past three years I have a chance to listen to the teachings, teachers say heartfelt I will this paper design the research background, significance and main content of the teacher made a report, please the teacher criticism guidance.
First of all, I want to talk about the research background and significance of the graduation thesis design.
Since the Golden Notebook involves comprehensive themes such as colonialism,feminism,racism,communism etc. and due to its severely fragmented writing forms,it has intrigued groups of both domestic and overseas critics. The research abroad could be roughly divided into three stages. The first comes about the biography of the author”],the general introduction and reading background of this novel,then a number of explorations over the themes of this book have been conducted, from the most popular one feminism,psychological featuresto the philosophical elements^. Finally, critics shifted their concentration to the unique form or style applied by Lessing,for instance they analyzed the varied narrative techniques employed within ,the aesthetic value it displayed ,as well as its artistic nature generated by its messy it is worth mentioning that in 2006 Tapan has composed a specific collection of reviews on the Golden the study over this novel in foreign country has been quite fruitful and mature, the research in China is far lagging behind, most of them just emphasized the novel's multiplethemes such as feminism,eco-economic,psychology and modemism Thus more angels should be discovered by scholars at home, such as colonialism, religious and psychological exploration, and their research method should be more diversified,for instance,the potential inter-disciplinary study of this novel are waiting to be excavated, and seldomhave critics compared this masterpiece with other similar text.
Based on Foucault's power theory, this thesis is going to explore how the female protagonist Anna in Doris Lessing's the Golden Notebook, the producer and victim of power,fought against her catastrophic life. Through a close reading of the text, this thesis aims at making a Foucanldian interpretation on Lessing's motivation behind portraying such a schizophrenic female personality, convincing the reader that power permeates every capillary of the society mainly by exerting influence on power relations between individual. Sinceeverything concerns with the functioning of power, be it tragedy or comedy, Anna's destiny cannot be an exception, instead of restraining from the one-way suppress from men,Foucault's power theory enables us to put the heroine into a larger, more diverse cultural or social background where individual's identity could be perceived with much more plurality or heterogeneity. Ultimately, given Anna's gender attributes, the application of Foucault's power theory to the analysis of heroine can shed light on how women could wittedly deal with their counterpart, strike a balance between freedom and restriction, and thus heading feminism into a more reasonable and rational direction.
Secondly, I want to talk about the structure and main contents of this paper.
The author is going to divide this thesis into five chapters. The first chapter is a briefing about the research background of the Golden Notebook, which provides an overview on the fragmented content and complicated structure of this masterpiece. The second chapter is an introduction of the research status of this novel at home and abroad, at the same time,Foucault's power theory will be elaborated here as the theoretical framework. Chapter three concentrates on the text analysis of the female protagonist Anna's pursuit of the free woman identity, which will be conducted mainly from three perspectives, namely her political faith,marriage and love, as well we psychological status. Through asserting Foucault's power theory into the text analysis, we could get a clear view on how the heroine became the victim of the omnipresent power in contemporary social organizations, and also how individual resisted power via making explorations on the genealogy of the self. Chapter four gives two different interpretations of Anna's destiny, with each representing the common feminists'view and Foucault's version respectively. Via such comparison, the author attempts to find a correlation between Foucault's power theory and feminism, to tell in what ways Foucault'spower theory have modified parts of problems in current feminism, and how the formal convergent with the latter. The last chapter serves as a concluding part in which a summary of this thesis will be reached, and limitations as well as further implications will be point out.
Finally, I want to talk about the deficiency existing in this paper.
The limitations of this thesis cannot be regarded as the challenge to the relevance of Foucaxxlt's theory to feminism; on the contrary, it tells that the value of applying Foucault'spower theory lies precisely in his invitation to feminists to remain highly critical about their previous prejudices as well as their future trends. In order to make full use of Foucault's power theory in modifying feminism, we have to dig out more convergences they share with each other. With the idea that knowledge and truth are partial ones serving as a start,Genealogy is then an excellent perspective for farther explorations on the Foucauldian and feminist projects.
Thank you very much!
毕业论文答辩是教育教学计划中重要必不可少的一个环节，是高校对毕业生从论文的定题到资料的搜集、整理、运用，从开展社会调研到论文的脱稿，从论文的认识程度到分析到解决实际间题、当众论证问题的一次考验、也是高校对毕业生从论文写作技巧到语言表达能力以及各方面的综合素质和能力的一次训练。
一、毕业论文答辩的意义
毕业论文答辩是高校检阅学生毕业实习质量的重要形式之一，是对毕业生的研究能力的综合检验,也是推动高校创新教育,培养创新人才的重要途径之一。毕业论文答辩不但有如此重要的“检查”作用，而且还有“促进”的作用。
第一，它是检查“教书育人”质量高低的一种手段。
第二，答辩既是对学生的素质和能力的综合检验
第三，进一步考查学生对专业知识掌握的深度和广度
第四，答辩是检查学生“学”与“用”的效果的尺寸。
第五，答辩，对成人高校文科的教学改革能起到促进的作用.
第六，答辩，为成人高校文科学生毕业后进一步从事科研、解决工作中的实际间题，为
第七，今后评定专业职称的论文写作打下良好基础。
第八，答辩为用人单位择优用人提供了很好的依据。
第九，提高毕业生质量和扩大社会影响,也有重要作用。
二、毕业论文答辩技巧
经过毕业论文的选题、开题、设计、撰写,毕业论文进入答辩环节,毕业论文答辩是毕业论文流程的最后一关。如果准备不够充分万一失手那将是前功尽弃。
毕业论文答辩之前一定要熟悉论文的内容
毕业论文答辩的根本目的在于:在大庭广众场合，高校对每一个学生的毕业论文的真实性，不熟悉论文的内容,不对论文涉及的基本概念、原理、大意、结构、提要作深入的了解和分析,抱着投机和侥幸的心理,势必造成被动的局面，因此学生对毕业论文答辩要充分的准备和重视，熟悉论文及相关资料,作好应答准备;预测论题,作好答辩准备
对论文的谋篇布局和论文的内容要相当熟悉，才能应答如流
三、毕业论文答辩之前一定要加强锻炼,提高自己自信心
答辩对于学生来说是经历不多的,甚至是从来没有经历过的,严肃的考场、威严的答辩委员更加重了自我表现的心理负担。有许多毕业生在答辩场上脸红心跳、口齿不清,许多记忆中原有的信息都遗忘了,大脑一片空白。因此在答辩之前自己要对照镜子多模拟，加强训练，提高自信心，答辩之前要调整好心态,作好心理准备，在答辩场上要析事明理、针对性强、谦虚谨慎、态度平和、冷静思考、不忙不乱,灵活机动、变被动为主动
四、毕业论文答辩应该注重外在形象
站长答辩台上穿着最好正式点比如穿西装打领带，发型整洁清爽。虽然毕业论文答辩以口语为主,但在一定程度上还是会受到心、脑、口内在性因素的影响，如果运用适当的形体语言辅助你的答辩,将使答辩成绩更高。尤其是是手势的运用将显得自更加信和做好了充分的准备。假使在答辩过程中总是低着头,那样答辩成绩将会受大很大的不良的影响。答辩时候要在服装以及行为方面“再造”自我。更有利于得到评委的喜爱和认可。
我精心推荐
杨同学的毕业演讲虽然有点过分，但说的内容也算属实，我仔细看了杨同学毕业演讲的全文，也希望所有一味指责杨同学的广大媒体看完演讲全文再做评论，切勿断章取义！
崇洋媚外固然不好，媒体一味的放大了“美国的空气都是新鲜而甜美的”这一点，却不关注杨同学演讲的主旨，是希望所有人不要失去自我判断能力、积极投身于社会当中，至少我是这么理解的。
说中国空气质量差，虽然是事实，但却是夸张了，这一点杨同学做的确实过分，为了经济发展，我们牺牲了环境，这也是所有西方发达国家走的道路——先污染后治理，面对目前国内环境问题，国人是很无奈，但不应该在毕业演讲这么隆重的场合公然指责，俗话说家丑尚不可外扬，何况我们的血脉里流淌的是中华民族的热血，我们应该给祖国的发展和建设更多的信心、耐心和支持，而不是背弃。
再来说说杨同学演讲的主旨，杨同学说道“我们都是自己人生下一章节的剧作家。我们一起，可以书写人类的历史。我的朋友们，请尽情享受新鲜的空气，永远别让它被夺走。”
在我看来很励志啊，我国的教育模式让学生为了得到高分而一味的提高应试能力，缺失去了独立思考的能力，这是很恐怖的，这也是中国为什么国际一流大学这么少的原因。
试问大学毕业后的我们，有几个还相信公平、公正与自由？
有几个还满怀雄心壮志想改变世界，而不是被世界改变？
我们都应该是有思想的独立个体，怀揣着梦想，在时代中发出自己的声音，而不是被时代所湮灭。
这才是杨同学演讲想要表达的内容。
5213zxjx果CEO乔布斯在斯坦福大学的演讲稿[中英]苹果计算机公司CEO史蒂夫•乔布斯在斯坦福大学对即将毕业的大学生们进行演讲时说，从大学里辍学是他这一生做出的最为明智的一个选择，因为它逼迫他学会了创新。 乔布斯对操场上挤的满满的毕业生、校友和家长们说：“你的时间有限，所以最好别把它浪费在模仿别人这种事上。” －－同样地，如果还在学校的话，似乎不应该去模仿退学的牛人们。You've got to find what you love,' Jobs says Jobs说，你必须要找到你所爱的东西。 This is the text of the Commencement address by Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer and of Pixar Animation Studios, delivered on June 12, 2005. 这是苹果公司和Pixar动画工作室的CEO Steve Jobs于2005年6月12号在斯坦福大学的毕业典礼上面的演讲稿。 I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That's it. No big deal. Just three stories. 我今天很荣幸能和你们一起参加毕业典礼，斯坦福大学是世界上最好的大学之一。我从来没有从大学中毕业。说实话,今天也许是在我的生命中离大学毕业最近的一天了。今天我想向你们讲述我生活中的三个故事。不是什么大不了的事情,只是三个故事而已。 The first story is about connecting the dots. 第一个故事是关于如何把生命中的点点滴滴串连起来。 I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? 我在Reed大学读了六个月之后就退学了,但是在十八个月以后——我真正的作出退学决定之前,我还经常去学校。我为什么要退学呢？ It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" They said: "Of course." My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college. 故事从我出生的时候讲起。我的亲生母亲是一个年轻的,没有结婚的大学毕业生。她决定让别人收养我, 她十分想让我被大学毕业生收养。所以在我出生的时候，她已经做好了一切的准备工作，能使得我被一个律师和他的妻子所收养。但是她没有料到,当我出生之后,律师夫妇突然决定他们想要一个女孩。 所以我的生养父母（他们还在我亲生父母的观察名单上）突然在半夜接到了一个电话:“我们现在这儿有一个不小心生出来的男婴,你们想要他吗？”他们回答道:“当然！”但是我亲生母亲随后发现，我的养母从来没有上过大学,我的父亲甚至从没有读过高中。她拒绝签这个收养合同。只是在几个月以后,我的父母答应她一定要让我上大学,那个时候她才同意。 And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting. 在十七岁那年,我真的上了大学。但是我很愚蠢的选择了一个几乎和你们斯坦福大学一样贵的学校, 我父母还处于蓝领阶层，他们几乎把所有积蓄都花在了我的学费上面。在六个月后, 我已经看不到其中的价值所在。我不知道我想要在生命中做什么,我也不知道大学能帮助我找到怎样的答案。 但是在这里，我几乎花光了我父母这一辈子的所有积蓄。所以我决定要退学,我觉得这是个正确的决定。不能否认,我当时确实非常的害怕, 但是现在回头看看,那的确是我这一生中最棒的一个决定。在我做出退学决定的那一刻, 我终于可以不必去读那些令我提不起丝毫兴趣的课程了。然后我还可以去修那些看起来有点意思的课程。 It wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5¢ deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example: 但是这并不是那么罗曼蒂克。我失去了我的宿舍,所以我只能在朋友房间的地板上面睡觉,我去捡5美分的可乐瓶子，仅仅为了填饱肚子, 在星期天的晚上,我需要走七英里的路程，穿过这个城市到Hare Krishna寺庙（注：位于纽约Brooklyn下城）,只是为了能吃上饭——这个星期唯一一顿好一点的饭。但是我喜欢这样。我跟着我的直觉和好奇心走, 遇到的很多东西,此后被证明是无价之宝。让我给你们举一个例子吧： Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I found it fascinating. Reed大学在那时提供也许是全美最好的美术字课程。在这个大学里面的每个海报, 每个抽屉的标签上面全都是漂亮的美术字。因为我退学了, 没有受到正规的训练, 所以我决定去参加这个课程，去学学怎样写出漂亮的美术字。我学到了san serif 和serif字体, 我学会了怎么样在不同的字母组合之中改变空格的长度, 还有怎么样才能作出最棒的印刷式样。那是一种科学永远不能捕捉到的、美丽的、真实的艺术精妙, 我发现那实在是太美妙了。 None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later. 当时看起来这些东西在我的生命中，好像都没有什么实际应用的可能。但是十年之后,当我们在设计第一台Macintosh电脑的时候,就不是那样了。我把当时我学的那些家伙全都设计进了Mac。那是第一台使用了漂亮的印刷字体的电脑。如果我当时没有退学, 就不会有机会去参加这个我感兴趣的美术字课程, Mac就不会有这么多丰富的字体，以及赏心悦目的字体间距。那么现在个人电脑就不会有现在这么美妙的字型了。当然我在大学的时候，还不可能把从前的点点滴滴串连起来,但是当我十年后回顾这一切的时候,真的豁然开朗了。 Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something - your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life. 再次说明的是,你在向前展望的时候不可能将这些片断串连起来；你只能在回顾的时候将点点滴滴串连起来。所以你必须相信这些片断会在你未来的某一天串连起来。你必须要相信某些东西：你的勇气、目的、生命、因缘。这个过程从来没有令我失望（let me down）,只是让我的生命更加地与众不同而已。 My second story is about love and loss. 我的第二个故事是关于爱和损失的。 I was lucky – I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a billion company with over 4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation - the Macintosh - a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating. 我非常幸运, 因为我在很早的时候就找到了我钟爱的东西。Woz和我在二十岁的时候就在父母的车库里面开创了苹果公司。我们工作得很努力, 十年之后, 这个公司从那两个车库中的穷光蛋发展到了超过四千名的雇员、价值超过二十亿的大公司。在公司成立的第九年,我们刚刚发布了最好的产品,那就是Macintosh。我也快要到三十岁了。在那一年, 我被炒了鱿鱼。你怎么可能被你自己创立的公司炒了鱿鱼呢? 嗯,在苹果快速成长的时候，我们雇用了一个很有天分的家伙和我一起管理这个公司, 在最初的几年,公司运转的很好。但是后来我们对未来的看法发生了分歧, 最终我们吵了起来。当争吵不可开交的时候, 董事会站在了他的那一边。所以在三十岁的时候, 我被炒了。在这么多人的眼皮下我被炒了。在而立之年，我生命的全部支柱离自己远去, 这真是毁灭性的打击。 I really didn't know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me – I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over. 在最初的几个月里，我真是不知道该做些什么。我把从前的创业激情给丢了, 我觉得自己让与我一同创业的人都很沮丧。我和David Pack和Bob Boyce见面，并试图向他们道歉。我把事情弄得糟糕透顶了。但是我渐渐发现了曙光, 我仍然喜爱我从事的这些东西。苹果公司发生的这些事情丝毫的没有改变这些, 一点也没有。我被驱逐了,但是我仍然钟爱它。所以我决定从头再来。 I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life. 我当时没有觉察, 但是事后证明, 从苹果公司被炒是我这辈子发生的最棒的事情。因为，作为一个成功者的极乐感觉被作为一个创业者的轻松感觉所重新代替: 对任何事情都不那么特别看重。这让我觉得如此自由, 进入了我生命中最有创造力的一个阶段。 During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I retuned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together. 在接下来的五年里, 我创立了一个名叫NeXT的公司, 还有一个叫Pixar的公司, 然后和一个后来成为我妻子的优雅女人相识。Pixar 制作了世界上第一个用电脑制作的动画电影——“”玩具总动员”,Pixar现在也是世界上最成功的电脑制作工作室。在后来的一系列运转中,Apple收购了NeXT, 然后我又回到了Apple公司。我们在NeXT发展的技术在Apple的复兴之中发挥了关键的作用。我还和Laurence 一起建立了一个幸福的家庭。 I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You've got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking. Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don't settle. 我可以非常肯定,如果我不被Apple开除的话, 这其中一件事情也不会发生的。这个良药的味道实在是太苦了,但是我想病人需要这个药。有些时候, 生活会拿起一块砖头向你的脑袋上猛拍一下。不要失去信心。我很清楚唯一使我一直走下去的，就是我做的事情令我无比钟爱。你需要去找到你所爱的东西。对于工作是如此, 对于你的爱人也是如此。你的工作将会占据生活中很大的一部分。你只有相信自己所做的是伟大的工作, 你才能怡然自得。如果你现在还没有找到, 那么继续找、不要停下来、全心全意的去找, 当你找到的时候你就会知道的。就像任何真诚的关系, 随着岁月的流逝只会越来越紧密。所以继续找，直到你找到它，不要停下来！ My third story is about death. 我的第三个故事是关于死亡的。 When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: "If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: "If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?" And whenever the answer has been "No" for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something. 当我十七岁的时候, 我读到了一句话:“如果你把每一天都当作生命中最后一天去生活的话,那么有一天你会发现你是正确的。”这句话给我留下了深刻的印象。从那时开始,过了33年,我在每天早晨都会对着镜子问自己:“如果今天是我生命中的最后一天, 你会不会完成你今天想做的事情呢？”当答案连续很多次被给予“不是”的时候, 我知道自己需要改变某些事情了。 Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important tool I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything – all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart. “记住你即将死去”是我一生中遇到的最重要箴言。它帮我指明了生命中重要的选择。因为几乎所有的事情, 包括所有的荣誉、所有的骄傲、所有对难堪和失败的恐惧,这些在死亡面前都会消失。我看到的是留下的真正重要的东西。你有时候会思考你将会失去某些东西,“记住你即将死去”是我知道的避免这些想法的最好办法。你已经赤身裸体了, 你没有理由不去跟随自己的心一起跳动。 About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn't even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor's code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you'd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes. 大概一年以前, 我被诊断出癌症。我在早晨七点半做了一个检查, 检查清楚的显示在我的胰腺有一个肿瘤。我当时都不知道胰腺是什么东西。医生告诉我那很可能是一种无法治愈的癌症, 我还有三到六个月的时间活在这个世界上。我的医生叫我回家, 然后整理好我的一切, 那就是医生准备死亡的程序。那意味着你将要把未来十年对你小孩说的话在几个月里面说完.；那意味着把每件事情都搞定, 让你的家人会尽可能轻松的生活；那意味着你要说“再见了”。 I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I'm fine now. 我整天和那个诊断书一起生活。后来有一天早上我作了一个活切片检查，医生将一个内窥镜从我的喉咙伸进去,通过我的胃, 然后进入我的肠子, 用一根针在我的胰腺上的肿瘤上取了几个细胞。我当时很镇静,因为我被注射了镇定剂。但是我的妻子在那里, 后来告诉我，当医生在显微镜地下观察这些细胞的时候他们开始尖叫, 因为这些细胞最后竟然是一种非常罕见的可以用手术治愈的胰腺癌症。我做了这个手术, 现在我痊愈了。 This was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope its the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept: 那是我最接近死亡的时候, 我还希望这也是以后的几十年最接近的一次。从死亡线上又活了过来, 死亡对我来说，只是一个有用但是纯粹是知识上的概念的时候，我可以更肯定一点地对你们说： No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life's change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true. 没有人愿意死, 即使人们想上天堂, 人们也不会为了去那里而死。但是死亡是我们每个人共同的终点。从来没有人能够逃脱它。也应该如此。 因为死亡就是生命中最好的一个发明。它将旧的清除以便给新的让路。你们现在是新的, 但是从现在开始不久以后, 你们将会逐渐的变成旧的然后被清除。我很抱歉这很戏剧性, 但是这十分的真实。 Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma - which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of other's opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary. When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960's, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notionStewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: "Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish." It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. Thank you all very much.
来晚了，一楼强先一步乔布斯真的很强大啊，Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. 说的真好百度乔布斯贴吧里也有的，不过是中文版 史蒂夫•乔布斯（Steve Jobs）今年 6 月在斯坦福大学的演讲中谈到了他生活中的三次体验，这三次体验不仅在斯坦福大学的毕业生、也在硅谷乃至其他地方的技术同行中引起了巨大反响。尤其The Whole Earth Catalog提到的话，作为杂志，这是一种精神，一种气质。 “好学若饥、谦卑若愚” 很荣幸和大家一道参加这所世界上最好的一座大学的毕业典礼。我大学没毕业，说实话，这是我第一次离大学毕业典礼这么近。今天我想给大家讲三个我自己的故事，不讲别的，也不讲大道理，就讲三个故事。 第一个故事讲的是点与点之间的关系。我在里德学院（Reed College）只读了六个月就退学了，此后便在学校里旁听，又过了大约一年半，我彻底离开。那么，我为什么退学呢？ 这得从我出生前讲起。我的生母是一名年轻的未婚在校研究生，她决定将我送给别人收养。她非常希望收养我的是有大学学历的人，所以把一切都安排好了，我一出生就交给一对律师夫妇收养。没想到我落地的霎那间，那对夫妇却决定收养一名女孩。就这样，我的养父母—当时他们还在登记册上排队等著呢—半夜三更接到一个电话: “我们这儿有一个没人要的男婴，你们要么？”“当然要”他们回答。但是，我的生母后来发现我的养母不是大学毕业生，我的养父甚至连中学都没有毕业，所以她拒绝在最后的收养文件上签字。不过，没过几个月她就心软了，因为我的养父母许诺日后一定送我上大学。 17 年后，我真的进了大学。当时我很天真，选了一所学费几乎和斯坦福大学一样昂贵的学校，当工人的养父母倾其所有的积蓄为我支付了大学学费。读了六个月后，我却看不出上学有什么意义。我既不知道自己这一生想干什么，也不知道大学是否能够帮我弄明白自己想干什么。这时，我就要花光父母一辈子节省下来的钱了。所以，我决定退学，并且坚信日后会证明我这样做是对的。当年做出这个决定时心里直打鼓，但现在回想起来，这还真是我有生以来做出的最好的决定之一。从退学那一刻起，我就可以不再选那些我毫无兴趣的必修课，开始旁听一些看上去有意思的课。 那些日子一点儿都不浪漫。我没有宿舍，只能睡在朋友房间的地板上。我去退还可乐瓶，用那五分钱的押金来买吃的。每个星期天晚上我都要走七英里，到城那头的黑尔－科里施纳礼拜堂去，吃每周才能享用一次的美餐。我喜欢这样。我凭著好奇心和直觉所干的这些事情，有许多后来都证明是无价之宝。我给大家举个例子: 当时，里德学院的书法课大概是全国最好的。校园里所有的公告栏和每个抽屉标签上的字都写得非常漂亮。当时我已经退学，不用正常上课，所以我决定选一门书法课，学学怎么写好字。我学习写带短截线和不带短截线的印刷字体，根据不同字母组合调整其间距，以及怎样把版式调整得好上加好。这门课太棒了，既有历史价值，又有艺术造诣，这一点科学就做不到，而我觉得它妙不可言。 当时我并不指望书法在以后的生活中能有什么实用价值。但是，十年之后，我们在设计第一台 Macintosh 计算机时，它一下子浮现在我眼前。于是，我们把这些东西全都设计进了计算机中。这是第一台有这么漂亮的文字版式的计算机。要不是我当初在大学里偶然选了这么一门课，Macintosh 计算机绝不会有那么多种印刷字体或间距安排合理的字号。要不是 Windows 照搬了 Macintosh，个人电脑可能不会有这些字体和字号。要不是退了学，我决不会碰巧选了这门书法课，个人电脑也可能不会有现在这些漂亮的版式了。当然，我在大学里不可能从这一点上看到它与将来的关系。十年之后再回头看，两者之间的关系就非常、非常清楚了。 你们同样不可能从现在这个点上看到将来；只有回头看时，才会发现它们之间的关系。所以，要相信这些点迟早会连接到一起。你们必须信赖某些东西—直觉、归宿、生命，还有业力，等等。这样做从来没有让我的希望落空过，而且还彻底改变了我的生活。 我的第二个故事是关于好恶与得失。幸运的是，我在很小的时候就发现自己喜欢做什么。我在 20 岁时和沃兹（Woz，苹果公司创始人之一 Wozon 的昵称—译注）在我父母的车库里办起了苹果公司。我们干得很卖力，十年后，苹果公司就从车库里我们两个人发展成为一个拥有 20 亿元资产、4,000 名员工的大企业。那时，我们刚刚推出了我们最好的产品— Macintosh 电脑—那是在第 9 年，我刚满 30 岁。可后来，我被解雇了。你怎么会被自己办的公司解雇呢？是这样，随著苹果公司越做越大，我们聘了一位我认为非常有才华的人与我一道管理公司。在开始的一年多里，一切都很顺利。可是，随后我俩对公司前景的看法开始出现分歧，最后我俩反目了。这时，董事会站在了他那一边，所以在 30 岁那年，我离开了公司，而且这件事闹得满城风雨。我成年后的整个生活重心都没有了，这使我心力交瘁。 一连几个月，我真的不知道应该怎么办。我感到自己给老一代的创业者丢了脸—因为我扔掉了交到自己手里的接力棒。我去见了戴维•帕卡德（David Packard，惠普公司创始人之一—译注）和鲍勃•诺伊斯（Bob Noyce，英特尔公司创建者之一—译注），想为把事情搞得这么糟糕说声道歉。这次失败弄得沸沸扬扬的，我甚至想过逃离硅谷。但是，渐渐地，我开始有了一个想法—我仍然热爱我过去做的一切。在苹果公司发生的这些风波丝毫没有改变这一点。我虽然被拒之门外，但我仍然深爱我的事业。于是，我决定从头开始。 虽然当时我并没有意识到，但事实证明，被苹果公司炒鱿鱼是我一生中碰到的最好的事情。尽管前景未卜，但从头开始的轻松感取代了保持成功的沉重感。这使我进入了一生中最富有创造力的时期之一。 在此后的五年里，我开了一家名叫 NeXT 的公司和一家叫皮克斯的公司，我还爱上一位了不起的女人，后来娶了她。皮克斯公司推出了世界上第一部用电脑制作的动画片《玩具总动员》（Toy Story），它现在是全球最成功的动画制作室。世道轮回，苹果公司买下 NeXT 后，我又回到了苹果公司，我们在 NeXT 公司开发的技术成了苹果公司这次重新崛起的核心。我和劳伦娜（Laurene）也建立了美满的家庭。 我确信，如果不是被苹果公司解雇，这一切决不可能发生。这是一剂苦药，可我认为苦药利于病。有时生活会当头给你一棒，但不要灰心。我坚信让我一往无前的唯一力量就是我热爱我所做的一切。所以，一定得知道自己喜欢什么，选择爱人时如此，选择工作时同样如此。工作将是生活中的一大部分，让自己真正满意的唯一办法，是做自己认为是有意义的工作；做有意义的工作的唯一办法，是热爱自己的工作。你们如果还没有发现自己喜欢什么，那就不断地去寻找，不要急于做出决定。就像一切要凭著感觉去做的事情一样，一旦找到了自己喜欢的事，感觉就会告诉你。就像任何一种美妙的东西，历久弥新。所以说，要不断地寻找，直到找到自己喜欢的东西。不要半途而废。 我的第三个故事与死亡有关。17 岁那年，我读到过这样一段话，大意是:“如果把每一天都当作生命的最后一天，总有一天你会如愿以偿。”我记住了这句话，从那时起，33 年过去了，我每天早晨都对著镜子自问: “假如今天是生命的最后一天，我还会去做今天要做的事吗？”如果一连许多天我的回答都是“不”，我知道自己应该有所改变了。 让我能够做出人生重大抉择的最主要办法是，记住生命随时都有可能结束。因为几乎所有的东西—所有对自身之外的希求、所有的尊严、所有对困窘和失败的恐惧—在死亡来临时都将不复存在，只剩下真正重要的东西。记住自己随时都会死去，这是我所知道的防止患得患失的最好方法。你已经一无所有了，还有什么理由不跟著自己的感觉走呢。 大约一年前，我被诊断患了癌症。那天早上七点半，我做了一次扫描检查，结果清楚地表明我的胰腺上长了一个瘤子，可那时我连胰腺是什么还不知道呢！医生告诉我说，几乎可以确诊这是一种无法治愈的恶性肿瘤，我最多还能活 3 到 6 个月。医生建议我回去把一切都安排好，其实这是在暗示“准备后事”。也就是说，把今后十年要跟孩子们说的事情在这几个月内嘱咐完；也就是说，把一切都安排妥当，尽可能不给家人留麻烦；也就是说，去跟大家诀别那一整天里，我的脑子一直没离开这个诊断。到了晚上，我做了一次组织切片检查，他们把一个内窥镜通过喉咙穿过我的胃进入肠子，用针头在胰腺的瘤子上取了一些细胞组织。当时我用了麻醉剂，陪在一旁的妻子后来告诉我，医生在显微镜里看了细胞之后叫了起来，原来这是一种少见的可以通过外科手术治愈的恶性肿瘤。我做了手术，现在好了。 这是我和死神离得最近的一次，我希望也是今后几十年里最近的一次。有了这次经历之后，现在我可以更加实在地和你们谈论死亡，而不是纯粹纸上谈兵，那就是: 谁都不愿意死。就是那些想进天堂的人也不愿意死后再进。然而，死亡是我们共同的归宿，没人能摆脱。我们注定会死，因为死亡很可能是生命最好的一项发明。它推进生命的变迁，旧的不去，新的不来。现在，你们就是新的，但在不久的将来，你们也会逐渐成为旧的，也会被淘汰。对不起，话说得太过分了，不过这是千真万确的。 你们的时间都有限，所以不要按照别人的意愿去活，这是浪费时间。不要囿于成见，那是在按照别人设想的结果而活。不要让别人观点的聒噪声淹没自己的心声。最主要的是，要有跟著自己感觉和直觉走的勇气。无论如何，感觉和直觉早就知道你到底想成为什么样的人，其他都是次要的。 我年轻时有一本非常好的刊物，叫《全球概览》（The Whole Earth Catalog），这是我那代人的宝书之一，创办人名叫斯图尔特•布兰德（Stewart Brand），就住在离这儿不远的门洛帕克市。他用诗一般的语言把刊物办得生动活泼。那是 20 世纪 60 年代末，还没有个人电脑和桌面印刷系统，全靠打字机、剪刀和宝丽莱照相机（Polaroid）。它就像一种纸质的 Google，却比 Google 早问世了 35 年。这份刊物太完美了，查阅手段齐备、构思不凡。 斯图尔特和他的同事们出了好几期《全球概览》，到最后办不下去时，他们出了最后一期。那是 20 世纪 70 年代中期，我也就是你们现在的年纪。最后一期的封底上是一张清晨乡间小路的照片，就是那种爱冒险的人等在那儿搭便车的那种小路。照片下面写道: 好学若饥、谦卑若愚。那是他们停刊前的告别辞。 求知若渴，大智若愚。这也是我一直想做到的。眼下正值诸位大学毕业、开始新生活之际，我同样愿大家: 好学若饥、谦卑若愚。 出于对偶像的尊重我在发一遍这个讲演个人非常喜欢，呵呵 喜欢和大家分享。 大家可以发发留言，，， ！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！ 有演讲的mp3下载 希望看视频的朋友 好学若饥、谦卑若愚 大家共同进步
英语毕业的论文答辩稿（精选6篇）
毕业论文答辩是一种有组织、有准备、有计划、有鉴定的比较正规的审查论文的重要形式。为了搞好毕业论文答辩，在举行答辩会前，校方、答辩委员会、答辩者（撰写毕业论文的作者）三方都要作好充分的准备。下面是我整理的英语毕业的论文答辩稿（精选6篇），欢迎大家分享。
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. I am xxx and my supervisor is . With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style.
I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and A Rose for Emily by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !
晚上好，所有的评估委员会成员。我来自HUST，主修外国语言学和应用语言学。我是xxx，我的主管是教授。 xxx。凭着她的真诚和智慧的指导，近一年的辛苦工作，我已经完成了我的论文。最后，这是展示时间。今天晚上，我将向大家致以衷心的感谢，我衷心地欢迎您的加入。
我的论文的标题是哥特式风格的研究
我希望通过研究这个短小的故事，我们可以在某些历史和文化中更多地描述美国南方妇女，更多地要求帮助现代社会的妇女对自己有一个广泛的了解，帮助我们提高我的独立性和信心，并更多地关注我们的心理健康该
接下来，我将向您介绍。这是我演讲的大纲。他们是文学评论，哥特式传统，哥特式风格的故事和哥特风格的原因。
本文由六部分组成。第一部分提出了作者威廉·福克纳(William Faulkner)和艾米莉·艾丝丽(A Rose)的作者，指出了这项研究的目的.和意义。第二部分是文献综述，对国内外这本小说进行了相关研究，并指出了理论依据和方法。第三部分给出了小说中哥特式传统的时间表，即死亡主题，独特的人物和神秘的气氛。部分原因，详细介绍了这本小说中哥特式风格的原因：父权制的压迫，南方女士的神话和艾米莉对爱情的态度。最后，在结论中，笔者对以前的部分进行了梳理，再次强调了论文论证的意义。
好的，就是这样。现在你可以提出你的问题!我准备好了!谢谢 ！
Good morning,
Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ：
I am Wu Lin. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professor Hu Anjiang, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.
My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van Winkle).
The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Thank you!
good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. i am xxxx and my supervisor is xxx. with her constant encouragement and guidance, i have finished my paper. now, it is the show time. i will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!
stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!
Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m xxx and come from class x. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.
The title of my paper is xxxxxxxxxxxxx. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.
Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.
Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.
Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.
For the above facts, I select this title.
Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.
The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.
The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.
The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.
The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.
The last part is the conclusion.
I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.
When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.
That’s all. Thank you.
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
毕业论文答辩是一种有组织、有准备、有计划、有鉴定的比较正规的审查论文的重要形式。为了搞好毕业论文答辩，在举行答辩会前，校方、答辩委员会、答辩者(撰写毕业论文的作者)三方都要作好充分的准备。下面是我为您整理的毕业答辩英文演讲稿，供您参考！
Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am **** and my supervisor is ***. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction. The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation.
I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators.
So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.
The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.
So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.
Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.
Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.
Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.
Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices. OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions。
Good morning,
Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ： I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere grat-itude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.
My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts.
The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies.
In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society.
Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Thank you!
Teachers, good afternoon! My name is Chen Jing, the students of class * * * *, my thesis topic is《 the power of the giver and the victim, foucault power interpretation theory perspective, the heroine in “the golden notebook, Anna》，thesis is completed under Wang Zhiqin teacher of meticulous guidance, here, I express my deep appreciation to my supervisor, to the teachers to take part in my thesis express our heartfelt thanks to you for, and for the past three years I have a chance to listen to the teachings, teachers say heartfelt I will this paper design the research background, significance and main content of the teacher made a report, please the teacher criticism guidance.
First of all, I want to talk about the research background and significance of the graduation thesis design.
Since the Golden Notebook involves comprehensive themes such as colonialism,feminism,racism,communism etc. and due to its severely fragmented writing forms,it has intrigued groups of both domestic and overseas critics. The research abroad could be roughly divided into three stages. The first comes about the biography of the author”],the general introduction and reading background of this novel,then a number of explorations over the themes of this book have been conducted, from the most popular one feminism,psychological featuresto the philosophical elements^. Finally, critics shifted their concentration to the unique form or style applied by Lessing,for instance they analyzed the varied narrative techniques employed within ,the aesthetic value it displayed ,as well as its artistic nature generated by its messy it is worth mentioning that in 2006 Tapan has composed a specific collection of reviews on the Golden the study over this novel in foreign country has been quite fruitful and mature, the research in China is far lagging behind, most of them just emphasized the novel's multiplethemes such as feminism,eco-economic,psychology and modemism Thus more angels should be discovered by scholars at home, such as colonialism, religious and psychological exploration, and their research method should be more diversified,for instance,the potential inter-disciplinary study of this novel are waiting to be excavated, and seldomhave critics compared this masterpiece with other similar text.
Based on Foucault's power theory, this thesis is going to explore how the female protagonist Anna in Doris Lessing's the Golden Notebook, the producer and victim of power,fought against her catastrophic life. Through a close reading of the text, this thesis aims at making a Foucanldian interpretation on Lessing's motivation behind portraying such a schizophrenic female personality, convincing the reader that power permeates every capillary of the society mainly by exerting influence on power relations between individual. Sinceeverything concerns with the functioning of power, be it tragedy or comedy, Anna's destiny cannot be an exception, instead of restraining from the one-way suppress from men,Foucault's power theory enables us to put the heroine into a larger, more diverse cultural or social background where individual's identity could be perceived with much more plurality or heterogeneity. Ultimately, given Anna's gender attributes, the application of Foucault's power theory to the analysis of heroine can shed light on how women could wittedly deal with their counterpart, strike a balance between freedom and restriction, and thus heading feminism into a more reasonable and rational direction.
Secondly, I want to talk about the structure and main contents of this paper.
The author is going to divide this thesis into five chapters. The first chapter is a briefing about the research background of the Golden Notebook, which provides an overview on the fragmented content and complicated structure of this masterpiece. The second chapter is an introduction of the research status of this novel at home and abroad, at the same time,Foucault's power theory will be elaborated here as the theoretical framework. Chapter three concentrates on the text analysis of the female protagonist Anna's pursuit of the free woman identity, which will be conducted mainly from three perspectives, namely her political faith,marriage and love, as well we psychological status. Through asserting Foucault's power theory into the text analysis, we could get a clear view on how the heroine became the victim of the omnipresent power in contemporary social organizations, and also how individual resisted power via making explorations on the genealogy of the self. Chapter four gives two different interpretations of Anna's destiny, with each representing the common feminists'view and Foucault's version respectively. Via such comparison, the author attempts to find a correlation between Foucault's power theory and feminism, to tell in what ways Foucault'spower theory have modified parts of problems in current feminism, and how the formal convergent with the latter. The last chapter serves as a concluding part in which a summary of this thesis will be reached, and limitations as well as further implications will be point out.
Finally, I want to talk about the deficiency existing in this paper.
The limitations of this thesis cannot be regarded as the challenge to the relevance of Foucaxxlt's theory to feminism; on the contrary, it tells that the value of applying Foucault'spower theory lies precisely in his invitation to feminists to remain highly critical about their previous prejudices as well as their future trends. In order to make full use of Foucault's power theory in modifying feminism, we have to dig out more convergences they share with each other. With the idea that knowledge and truth are partial ones serving as a start,Genealogy is then an excellent perspective for farther explorations on the Foucauldian and feminist projects.
Thank you very much!
毕业论文答辩是教育教学计划中重要必不可少的一个环节，是高校对毕业生从论文的定题到资料的搜集、整理、运用，从开展社会调研到论文的脱稿，从论文的认识程度到分析到解决实际间题、当众论证问题的一次考验、也是高校对毕业生从论文写作技巧到语言表达能力以及各方面的综合素质和能力的一次训练。
一、毕业论文答辩的意义
毕业论文答辩是高校检阅学生毕业实习质量的重要形式之一，是对毕业生的研究能力的综合检验,也是推动高校创新教育,培养创新人才的重要途径之一。毕业论文答辩不但有如此重要的“检查”作用，而且还有“促进”的作用。
第一，它是检查“教书育人”质量高低的一种手段。
第二，答辩既是对学生的素质和能力的综合检验
第三，进一步考查学生对专业知识掌握的深度和广度
第四，答辩是检查学生“学”与“用”的效果的尺寸。
第五，答辩，对成人高校文科的教学改革能起到促进的作用.
第六，答辩，为成人高校文科学生毕业后进一步从事科研、解决工作中的实际间题，为
第七，今后评定专业职称的论文写作打下良好基础。
第八，答辩为用人单位择优用人提供了很好的依据。
第九，提高毕业生质量和扩大社会影响,也有重要作用。
二、毕业论文答辩技巧
经过毕业论文的选题、开题、设计、撰写,毕业论文进入答辩环节,毕业论文答辩是毕业论文流程的最后一关。如果准备不够充分万一失手那将是前功尽弃。
毕业论文答辩之前一定要熟悉论文的内容
毕业论文答辩的根本目的在于:在大庭广众场合，高校对每一个学生的毕业论文的真实性，不熟悉论文的内容,不对论文涉及的基本概念、原理、大意、结构、提要作深入的了解和分析,抱着投机和侥幸的心理,势必造成被动的局面，因此学生对毕业论文答辩要充分的准备和重视，熟悉论文及相关资料,作好应答准备;预测论题,作好答辩准备
对论文的谋篇布局和论文的内容要相当熟悉，才能应答如流
三、毕业论文答辩之前一定要加强锻炼,提高自己自信心
答辩对于学生来说是经历不多的,甚至是从来没有经历过的,严肃的考场、威严的答辩委员更加重了自我表现的心理负担。有许多毕业生在答辩场上脸红心跳、口齿不清,许多记忆中原有的信息都遗忘了,大脑一片空白。因此在答辩之前自己要对照镜子多模拟，加强训练，提高自信心，答辩之前要调整好心态,作好心理准备，在答辩场上要析事明理、针对性强、谦虚谨慎、态度平和、冷静思考、不忙不乱,灵活机动、变被动为主动
四、毕业论文答辩应该注重外在形象
站长答辩台上穿着最好正式点比如穿西装打领带，发型整洁清爽。虽然毕业论文答辩以口语为主,但在一定程度上还是会受到心、脑、口内在性因素的影响，如果运用适当的形体语言辅助你的答辩,将使答辩成绩更高。尤其是是手势的运用将显得自更加信和做好了充分的准备。假使在答辩过程中总是低着头,那样答辩成绩将会受大很大的不良的影响。答辩时候要在服装以及行为方面“再造”自我。更有利于得到评委的喜爱和认可。
我精心推荐
亲爱的老师、亲爱的同学们，上午好！谢谢大家让我有幸站在这里，分享我的感谢和不舍，表达我的惦念和祝愿。 MBA是学校里最大的专业硕士群体，其中有志于再次择业、投身经济管理事业的全日制学生，也有我这种平时从不露面、到了晚上和周末，才开始混迹于校园各个角落的在职班学生。我就职于在全国观众关注的目光里表示压力很大的中央电视台，也很小众地跻身在经管学院的各种金融人士、IT精英之中。我和我身边的同学们早已过了本科生花一样的年龄，又离EMBA的成熟和成功有点距离；没有办法把所有的时间都用来学习，却要接受所有严格的考核；在工作岗位上渐渐变得不可或缺，陆续成家过上了上有老下有小的生活 。三年的时光在我们的疲于奔走但充实快乐中悄然滑过，特别遗憾没有在平时多留些纪念，因为在学校的每一天都如此美好。亲爱的老师们，今天我们毕业了。你们一定对我们在小组作业中怎么都阻挡不了的团结友爱精神感到头疼，为我们在加班开会出差时错过的学习机会、在考试中并不完美的答卷感到无可奈何；也一定欣慰于我们在课堂上的积极参与，在论文答辩时的侃侃而谈，在走向未来时的自信和勇敢。尽管离老师们心目中优秀学生的标准还隔着千山万水，但是老师传授过的为人之道我们都记得，以身示范的平和、淡定、低调和阳光心态我们都记得。亲爱的老师，你们是最可爱的人！亲爱的同学们，今天我们毕业了。我们不用再对老师每次都有创新的签到方式耿耿于怀，不用再对无限大的考试范围感到痛苦，不用再纠结于加班还是上课的两难选择，不用再对着各种内网各种用户名抓狂，不用再忍受请假时领导愤慨的眼神，也不用在周末爱人孩子幽怨的目光里出门。可是，我们也没有机会再享受下班路上奔向学校的轻松心境了，没有机会在考试时体会“书到用时刚刚好”的窃喜，没有机会在课堂上提问、质疑或者小小地幽默一下，也没有机会再登上共聚同秀的舞台展示我们的才华。今天，我们不得不选择留恋不得不放手，但是等到风景都看透的时候，我相信我们仍然会清晰地记得一起上课的教室，一起腐败的饭局，一起挥汗如雨的球场，还有一起看过的细水长流。亲爱的家属们，今天我们毕业了。不知你们是否庆幸远远多过高兴，因为以后的家务活儿终于又有人分担了，孩子有人照顾了，深更半夜也没有同学再打电话来以讨论作业之名行密谋腐败之实了。你们承担了本该家人一起分担的重任，你们的好，我们都知道；你们的辛苦，我们都记着；你们伤不起，我们都了解。所以我们以清华MBA的身份保证，从今天起，一定努力赚钱养家，所有家务活全包，做全家人的开心果和提款机，你们只需要负责貌美如花、享受生活。今天，我们毕业了。万般不舍，终究到了离别的时刻。遗憾没有多去几次图书馆，没把作业写得再认真一些，没有在情人坡上多坐坐，没把舌尖上的清华都体验一遍。时光不会重来，但是我们让彼此变得更幸运。清华值得永远去爱，经管是我们不变的期待，MBA大家庭是我们最深的牵挂。祝愿学院培养出更多有sense懂business model的商界领袖，祝愿MBA项目越办越好，祝愿亲爱的老师们学术成就更上层楼，祝愿最最亲爱的同学们一生平安快乐！谢谢大家！在职生王晓迪作为毕业生代表发言稿。
“我想用一年不长的时间，做一件终生难忘的事情。 ” 在昨天上午举行的清华大学2019年本科生毕业典礼上， 大学生代表张薇温柔而坚定的说出了这样一句话， 令在场的几千名学生和家长无比动容。 张薇作为唯一一位本科学生代表发言， 站在台上的她个子小小的，声音轻轻的， 但是在她温柔的语气中，字字句句都带着坚持。 她来自甘肃镇原——一个黄土高原上的国家级贫困县， 那里交通不便，教育资源有限，经济相对落后。 第一次去省城参加物理竞赛实验环节，她甚至没有见过比赛所用的仪器 当她终于找到仪器开关时，实验时间已经到了。 她说： 那是我第一次意识到不同地域的教育差异如此巨大，短暂的失落也 在我心底埋下了改变家乡教育现状的种子。 经过高中三年的拼搏，张薇成为了清华大学的一名学子， 然而，接下来的学习生活也并没有那么顺利…… 她的微积分作业，要比别人多花三四倍的时间， 竞选班长不成功。报名实践支队长也失败了， 仰卧起坐100分只拿到了20分…… “无论如何，不许退缩，不许不努力，决不许放弃” 张薇在日记中写下这句话， 只要咬牙坚持，生活就会给你惊喜。 后来，她参加了辩论赛，和小伙伴一起获得了“辩论好声音”的冠军， 她的仰卧起坐及格了，当上了班长也开始指导实践支队 还顺利拿到了学业优秀奖学金…… 在毕业典礼上，她说： 我也始终记得，曾经想为教育事业贡献力量的懵懂初心， 推研成功以后，我决定延迟入学一年，加入清华大学研究生支教团。 清华培养我们成为“肩负使命、追求卓越的人”， 父母希望我不忘“饮水思源”， 朋友们希望我做自己真正想做的事， 而我想“用一年不长的时间，做一件终生难忘的事情！” 张薇出生寒门，却从来不忘初心， 在清华求学期间，她多次参加公益活动， 为甘肃贫困家庭争取到了资金支持， 改变家乡教育现状的这颗种子，真的在张薇的心中长成了一棵大树。 现在，她本科毕业，仍旧决定去支教一年， 因为她知道，贫困山区的孩子需要更好的教育资源， 而她自己也愿意为自己的人生添下这浓墨重彩的一笔！ “要用一年时间，做一件终生难忘的事。” 人生有很多个一年，在大学生活中，一年是一段很短的时间， 还不来不及去几次图书馆，还来不及和心爱的人儿去花前月下。 有多少人能牢牢把握这时间，去做让自己终生难忘的事呢？ 张薇的演讲让我想起曾经看到过的一篇新闻报道， 主角是哈佛大学优秀毕业生何江。 出生于湖南农村的何江，在经历了贫困和劳作的童年后， 在2016年，作为哈佛大学优秀毕业生登上毕业典礼演讲台， 成为获此殊荣的第一位中国大陆学生。 何江从湖南的一个小山村，到县城，到省城，再到美国波士顿，涵盖了社会发展的不同层面。 在他走入哈佛之后，媒体开始挖掘他的成长背景， 试图从他的成长背景里面找出一些不平常的东西，好来解释“农村娃”和“哈佛”这两个名词之间的关联。 但对于何江自己来说： “硬是要搜寻出一点可说的，我想或许是曾经那些苦难的经历，让我很早便明白了，要把握自己命运这样一个简单的道理吧。” 命运给你一个比别人低的起点，是希望你用你的一生去奋斗出一个绝地反击的故事。 英国有一部纪录片叫做《人生七年》， 片中采访了12个来自不同阶层的七岁男孩，并且每过七年都重新采访他们一次， 到了影片的最后，人们发现，富人的孩子还是富人，穷了的孩子还是穷人。 但是有一个叫做尼克的贫穷小孩，他到最后通过自己的奋斗变成了一名大学教授， 可见命运的手中是有漏网之鱼的。 寒门子弟逆袭的故事数不胜数， 马云开创阿里巴巴之前只是一名普通的乡村教师； 刘强东当初是揣着乡亲们一起凑的500多块钱和76个鸡蛋去北京上的学； 他们的成功是命定的吗？不是，任何一个人的成功都不是天定的， 他们之所以能够摆脱贫穷的泥潭，靠的是拼搏和努力。 两个人从监狱的铁窗往外看，一个看见烂泥，另一个看见星星。 漫漫历史中，没有人能告诉你，在当下的十字路口，究竟要怎么选怎么走，除了你自己。 至于最后怎么选择和怎么看，还是要结合自己的处境分析。 大部分迷茫的问题，其实都可以自己来回答自己： 我是谁？我从哪里来？要到哪里去？ 多追问自己，多盘点自己，你就能找到答案。 说这么多，并不是要逼着大家去赚钱，去发家致富，去寒门逆袭， 但是，至少要知道自己想要的到底是什么， 花一点时间，为自己想要的东西做出一些改变。 每天进步一点点，总归会过上自己想过的生活！ 就像张薇那样，用一年不长的时间，做一件终身难忘的事情！
论文答辩是一种比较正规的审查形式，有组织、有准备、有鉴定、有计划的。答辩会由校方、答辩委员会还有答辩者组成。我在此献上 毕业 答辩发言稿，希望大家喜欢。
毕业答辩发言稿一：
各位老师，上午好!
我叫赵晓琦，是土 木工 程__ 班的学生，我的论文题目为某某市八十八中学办公楼的设计。设计是在姚力老师的悉心指点下完成的，在那里我向我的老师表示深深的谢意，也向在坐各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢，并对上大学来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。
下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要资料向各位老师作一汇报，恳请各位老师批评指导。
首先我想简单介绍本设计。
本工程为某某市八十八中学办公楼采用多层框架结构，主体结构为6层，内外装修均为一般装修，为永久性建筑。该楼总建筑面积为3981㎡，拟建位置另行给定，抗震设防烈度为8度。
其次我想谈谈这篇论文的结构和主要资料。
毕业答辩发言稿二：
各位领导、来宾，老师、同学们：
大家上午好!
为了进一步提高广大学生的创业意识，鼓励创新观念的成长，促进同学们就业观念由“择业”向“创业”转换，促进产、学、研一体化发展，培养能够适应市场经济发展需求的骨干人才，厦门大学团委一直致力于激发大学生创新创业的热情，以“挑战杯” 创业计划 竞赛为契机，为大学生创新创业提供广阔的平台。
“恒安杯”厦门大学第五届创业计划竞赛从去年5月启动至今，共吸引了1000多名本科生、硕士生和博士生参加，申报了65个项目。有30支团队从去年10月的初赛中脱颖而出。经过初赛、复赛和决赛三个阶段的培训和角逐，目前闯入决赛的9支队伍今天在此进行决赛。现在我简要向各位介绍一下本次竞赛的举办情况。
毕业论文答辩流程
1、 自我介绍 ：自我介绍作为答辩的发言稿，包括姓名、学号、专业。介绍时要举止大方、态度从容、面带微笑，礼貌得体的介绍自己，争取给答辩小组一个良好的印象。好的开端就意味着成功了一半。
2、答辩人陈述：收到成效的自我介绍只是这场答辩的开始，接下来的自我陈述才进入正轨。自述的主要内容包括论文标题;课题背景、选择此课题的原因及课题现阶段的发展情况;有关课题的具体内容，其中包括答辩人所持的观点看法、研究过程、实验数据、结果;答辩人在此课题中的研究模块、承担的具体工作、解决方案、研究结果。 文章 的创新部分;结论、价值和展望; 自我评价 。
3、提问与答辩：答辩教师的提问安排在答辩人自述之后，是答辩中相对灵活的环节，有问有答，是一个相互交流的过程。一般为3个问题，采用由浅入深的顺序提问，采取答辩人当场作答的方式。
4、 总结 ：上述程序一一完毕，代表答辩也即将结束。答辩人最后纵观答辩全过程，做总结陈述，包括两方面的总结：毕业设计和论文写作的体会;参加答辩的收获。答辩教师也会对答辩人的表现做出点评：成绩、不足、建议。
5、致谢：感谢在毕业设计论文方面给予帮助的人们并且要礼貌地感谢答辩教师。
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★ 毕业论文答辩发言稿精选合集
《美国历史发挥作用的黑人》美国南北战争 亦称“美国内战”（1861—1865），美国北部诸州同南部发动叛乱的各奴隶制州之间的战争，是资本主义北部同奴隶制南部之间对抗性矛盾激化的结果。在美国历史上，黑人的作用比较明显的在体育运动上外，在政治上、宗教上都是很重要的，特别是奥巴马当选为美国总统，这种在政治上的地位黑人已经达到了巅峰；主要有以下方面的内容可以参考：1、在美国黑人政治地位明显提高，从林肯总统呼吁并解决对黑人的奴役和歧视被暗杀到现在出现美国历史上第一位黑人总统，可以看作是美国国内人权进步的一种象征。2、南北战争时期《解放黑人奴隶宣言》后积极参军，击败南方政府，促成国家再统一和强大；美国南北战争 约有19万黑人(其中72％来自南部各州)入伍，25万黑人在后方勤务部队中服役。3、人种融合，使用社会的发展，20世纪前绝大部分黑人生活的处境，他们先是充当奴隶，后来成为谷物分成制佃农，而后者是20世纪的产物，是农村黑人大规模迁往城市带来的后果。在这样两种环境下，黑人既吸收了白人文化，又发展了自己独特的亚文化。一方面，黑人接受了美国民主信条中的平等价值观；另一方面，他们不得不面对不平等和不为社会接受的现实。这促进了一个独特的文化共同体的形成。4、身体素质良好，推动了美国体育发展；这个比较多的，资金找找补充。5、黑人民权领袖马丁路德金为美国民主献出生命，马丁·路德·金为黑人谋求平等，发动了美国的民权运动，功绩卓著，闻名于世。金在成为民权运动积极分子之前，是黑人社区必有的浸礼会的牧师。民权运动是美国黑人教会的产物，本文记叙金的第一次民权演说，揭示了民权运动与黑人教会的关系。6、马尔科姆·艾克斯于1925年出生在美国内布拉斯加州东部的奥马哈市，少年时期是个不学无术的街头混混，贩毒、吸毒、滥交、抢劫、杀人几乎无恶不作。终于自食恶果，被抓入监狱。入狱后，他居然从看字典开始，学习了世界历史，哲学，政治，自然科学等方面的知识，并参加了黑色穆斯林组织。出狱后，他投身黑人运动，成为声望仅次于马丁·路德·金的黑人运动领袖。
首页日本美国搜索嗫?暁云?美国黑人论文一、关于美国黑人政治论文急需中英文资料如题【 标 题】20世纪美国黑人文学批评理论 【 作 者】黄晖 【作者简介】作者单位：苏州大学中文系 邮编：215006 【内容提要】美国黑人文学批评理论在20世纪初崛起并迅速发展，成为当今美国最重要的文学理论流派之一。从其发展线索来看，美国黑人文学批评理论经历了从激进到内省，从对非洲文化中心论和黑人民族主义的倡导到对人类共同问题的关注，从理论的建构、解构到重构这一逐步成熟的阶段。 美国黑人文学理论加深了人们对边缘话语和少数族裔话语的理解与认识。【关 键 词】黑人文学理论/黑人美学/黑人女权主义批评/文化研究 【 正 文】 自20世纪初，美国文坛上不断涌现出著名的黑人作家和优秀的黑人文学作品，在此基础上黑人文学批评理论也发展起来，正逐步由边缘走向中心，成为当今美国最重要的文学批评理论流派之一。 一、“双重意识”的坚守与疏离 美国黑人文学批评的真正形成并初具规模是在20世纪初期，以一系列黑人文学批评刊物的出现为标志。总部设在纽约的黑人政治文化组织及其刊物，如全国有色人种促进会的《危机》，全国城市联盟的《机遇》，以及《信使》、《黑人世界》等都致力于发展黑人文学艺术。 这些刊物对扩大黑人文学作品的影响，促进黑人文学批评的发展起了不可低估的作用。在创办于1900年的《美国有色人种杂志》上，保琳·霍普金斯（Pauline Hopkins）专门开设了一个论坛来宣扬黑人文学价值观。她认为真正优秀的小说应该是“一代代人成长和发展的历史记录”（注：Winston Napier,ed。African American Literary Theory,New York University Press,2000,p。1,pDu Bois）进一步发展了霍普金斯的功能主义美学观，他认为“黑人艺术家一定要去创造美、歌颂美和实现美”，但同时他又强调“在创造美的过程中，黑人艺术家必须认识到美不可能孤立地存在，它与真理、美德和公正是联系在一起的”。 因此，杜波依斯认为“黑人艺术本身一定是宣传”（注：袁霁：《非洲中心主义文学批评理论》，《吉林大学社会科学学报》，2000年第5期。）。杜波依斯用“双重意识”（double consciousness）这一概念解释黑人经验，认为美国黑人在文化身份上表现为既是黑人又是美国人这两种相互冲突的认证，“美国黑人的历史是这样一种抗争的历史——渴望获得有自我意识的人的地位，渴望把其双重自我融入更好更真的自我……在白色崇美主义的洪水中，他不会漂白他的黑人魂”（注：杜波依斯：《黑人的灵魂》，转引自刘捷：《美国黑人文学的传统》，《译林》，1999年第1期。
【篇一】毕业答辩演讲稿
晚上好，我叫xxx，来自xx专业，我的毕业论文题目是《xxx》。我的毕业论文资料真实、可靠，是我在xxx老师的指导下，独立地进行研究所完成。在那里我向肖老师表示深深的谢意，同时向各位老师参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢。
下面，我将从：研究资料，研究的目的和好处、研究的思路与方法、优缺点进行介绍，恳请各位老师批评指导。
首先，我谈一谈这篇毕业论文的资料：论文主要包括以下四部分：
第一部分：类比引入法，其中包括：表达形式类比法、基本性质类比法、运算方法类比法。
第三部分：设疑引入法，其中包括：问题引入法、悬念引入法、谜语引入法。
第二部分：故事引入法，其中包括：历史引入法、情景引入法、幽默引入法。
第四部分：直接引入法。
其次，我谈谈这篇论文的研究思路和方法：
在开始这个课题的研究的时候，我首先收集了超多初中数学课堂的案例以及一些相关的文献，并对这些案例、文献进行分析、研究。之后从收集到的材料中总结出一些我个人觉得其引入是十分高效的一些方法和案例，然后请肖老师给意见，然后对不足的地方进行修改。最后，对总结出来的方法和案例进行分门别类，并再次增加一些案例。从而使得这篇论文资料更加充实。
再次，我谈一谈这篇论文的研究目的和好处：
良好的开端是成功的一半，课堂引入是课堂教学的起步阶段。课堂讲授的引入是学生能否用心主动学习新知识的关键。因此初中数学课堂的高效引入在新课程改革中显得尤为重要。但是在日常教学中，如何科学地做到高效引入是我们一向探究的问题。为了在必须程度上解决这个问题，帮忙广大初中数学教师高效地引入新课，从而吸引住学生的注意力，唤起学生的求知欲望，使学生主动地去学习以到达预期的教学效果，本文对初中数学课堂的高效引入进行研究。
课堂导入是课堂教学的主要环节，它的成与败直接影响着课教学的效果。用心的思维活动是课堂教学成功的关键，而高效的导入能够激发学生学习数学的思维兴趣，所以教师在新课引入时就应注意采用恰当的导入来激发学生的思维，以引起其对新知识新资料的用心探求。
最后，我谈一谈这篇论文的优缺点：
这篇论文的优点：其一是研究的课题还是比较新颖的，对自己以后的从教之路也很有帮忙，其二是课堂引入方法的分类别具一格。
缺点是：由于我自身的水平所限对某些概念和方法的理解还不是很深刻，思考肯定还不够深刻也不够全面。此外虽然我已经很仔细的检查过了，但是依然可能还存在必须的错别字或语句不是很通顺的地方。
虽然我尽可能地收集材料，竭尽所能运用自己所学的知识进行的论文写作和分析，但论文还是存在着不足之处，分析不透彻或者推荐不具体，还有待改善。所以请各位老师提出宝贵的推荐，让我在今后的学习与工作中做到更好。
我的陈述完毕，请各位老师批评指正。谢谢！
【篇二】毕业答辩演讲稿
早上好！
我叫×××，20xx级社会学专业学生。我的毕业论文题目是《社会学视野下金庸小说中的婚恋观》。我的指导老师是xxx老师。从确定选题、拟定提纲、完成初稿，到最后定稿，我得到了张老师的精心细致指导，使我很快掌握了论文的写作方法，并在较短的时间里完成了论文的写作。不管这天答辩的结果如何，我都会由衷的感谢指导老师的辛勤劳动，感谢各位评委老师的批评指正。
截至目前，在学术界有关金庸武侠小说的论著十分多，但尚无从社会学视野下对金庸小说中婚恋观的研究。选取金庸小说作为毕业论文的写作题材，一方面是因为我对金庸小说比较喜欢，包括由金庸小说改编而成的电视剧。的确，金庸小说不仅仅向我们展现了侠客的快意恩仇，还借用江湖这个社会，使人物摆脱传统社会的束缚或少受社会制度的束缚。男女侠客不问出身，不讲家庭地位、社会背景，只讲两性相悦、以情相许，能实现真正好处上的男女平等、恋爱自由。另一方面结合当今社会现实，许多现象与金庸小说中的情节有一些相似，揭示其中的联系，警示世人，以倡导和谐的、理想的婚姻。
在这篇论文中，主要采用了资料分析和现实比较的写作手法，各部分安排按照先典型分析，具体对照现象，理论分析，再阐明现代性特征的层次进行。具体结构如下：
第一部分为所归纳的金庸小说中的五种感情类型；
第二部分为金庸小说中与现实相对应的婚姻类型；
第三部分为关于金庸小说中择偶的社会学分析，分为宏观和和微观两个方面分析。宏观方面的主要理论有：对于择偶的个人主义解释；择偶的社会文化解释；择偶梯度理论；同类匹配理论。微观方面的理论有：1、相似性理论；2、需求互补理论。从以上这些择偶理论我们能够做出如下推论：相似性原则是择偶的基本规律。无论从哪个理论角度这个结论总是成立的，虽做出如下推论：相似性原则是择偶的基本规律。无论从哪个理论角度这个结论总是成立的，虽然对具体是什么“相似”有些争议。在外在社会条件上贴合“同类匹配”，内在条件上又贴合“需求互补”，这似乎就是最完满的理想婚姻模式。
第四部分为金庸小说中婚恋观的现代性特征；在金庸小说中，男女侠客不问出身，不讲家庭地位、社会背景，只讲两性相悦、以情相许，能实现真正好处上的恋爱自由，而这些观念无疑与现代人的恋爱观相合。
第五部分：结论。
社会是历史积淀的产物，小说是反映生活、憧憬生活、甚至能够改造生活、提升生活品质的艺术。在某些传统思想仍在侵蚀当代人的这天，在已经冲破封建罗网，人们获得充分的个性自由，能够勇于追求自我感情的这天，回味金庸小说中具有现代性特征的感情婚恋，对我们仍有启迪。金庸小说中的感情不仅仅反映了作者心目中的感情观，也折射出传统文化孕育下的“群众无意识”及现代人的情感困惑与矛盾境况，从而具有重要的认识价值。因此，我们应当超越以感情为基础的内涵性婚姻和以现实利益为基础的功利性婚姻的简单对立，使工具理性与价值理性相结合来构建一种理想的婚姻模式——综合权衡模式。
限于各种条件的制约，个性是本人理论水平所限，使得本论文对金庸小说中婚恋观的现实好处仅停留在比较粗浅的层面，尤其是理论方面，还有很多问题需要继续进行深入、细致的思考和探索。
最后，再次感谢张红老师在我的毕业论文写作过程中所给予的悉心帮忙与指导；其次我要感谢各位专业师在这四年来对我的教育与培养，没有你们的教导，也就没有我的这天；最后也要感谢本专老业同学这几年来对我的关心与支持，和你们生活在一齐的日子我永远也不会忘记！
恳请各位老师、同学进行批评指正，谢谢大家！
【篇三】毕业答辩演讲稿
大家好！
我是来自酒店管理xx班的xxx，十分荣幸参加我们的毕业生论文答辩！我的论文题目是《浅析如何提升饭店服务质量》。在此我要十分感谢我的论文指导老师陈爱华老师！因为之前一向在浙江工作，没有太多空闲时间去寻找论文资料，所以工作的时候，我就一向在想我要找到一个怎样的题目利于我写作？最后，我结合自己学习和实习的经验，针对于自己认为酒店服务当中的不足或是确实需要改善的地方写出了自己的感受。由于时间仓促，写出的论文瑕疵较多，还好有陈老师的帮忙斧正，这才顺利完成！甭管这天答辩的结果如何，我都要感谢给予我这次帮忙的老师和同学。
这些年，是中国酒店业迅速发展的几年。各大城市的酒店建筑如雨后春笋般拔地而起，城市里威严耸立的酒店也为城市的发展注入了新鲜的血液。但随着不同国家，不同档次，不同文化的酒店在城市里面鱼龙混杂，导致各酒店之间产生了激烈的竞争。当然这些竞争在某些程度上来说，是有利于中国酒店业不断完善和发展的。由此可见，酒店业之间的竞争，必然给客人一个主动地选取权，从而他们对酒店服务也越来越苛刻和挑剔。没办法，将来我们作为酒店人就务必要勇于应对和努力解决。
在我的论文中，我首先以自己一个切身的实际案例作为开场，起到抛砖引玉的作用。随后我们从案例的角度出发，深思酒店存在的问题及解决问题的方法。为使论文更具论述性，我在开场并没有开门见山的大谈阔论，而是在三四部分说明了酒店服务质量的概念及资料，接踵而来的就是找出制约我国酒店服务质量水平提升缓慢的原因。它包括：酒店的硬件设施、酒店的安全保卫工作、服务人员的服务意识以及酒店工作人员的工作作风、工作态度、服务技能、素质修养等方面进行分析。找出了问题的所在，接下来自然是要解决问题了。对此我对改善和提高酒店服务质量提出几点对策和推荐，从七个角度出发：1提高酒店管理者的服务质量和意识、2以顾客需求为导向，带给优质满意的服务、3尊重员工，给员工一个平等竞争的环境、4提高酒店内部协调、5对员工授权、6加强员工管理、7治安管理。这七个观点主要从管理者、员工和客人三个角度为出发点，比较现实的提出了解决方法。最后做出总结：综以上述我们得出的结论便是：一方面是服务系统建立的不完善，当然这归根结底是要靠管理者了。另一方面则是因为服务人员的普遍素质低下，致使酒店里面鱼龙混杂。作为一个好的酒店，必须要有一流的设备，一流的服务和一流的形象才能紧跟时代步伐，实现可持续发展。
限于各种条件的制约以及本人写作水平及专业理论知识有限，得使本文还局限在一个比较粗浅的表面，当然这也必然会促使我在以后的工作事业中去深入的探索和挖掘。
最后，再次感谢陈爱华老师对我论文的指导，感谢各专业老师三年来对我的教育和关爱，也要感谢一齐陪伴我的同学们，三年，必须是我人生旅途中，浓墨重彩的一笔。接下来，请各位老师批评指正！谢谢！
【篇四】毕业答辩演讲稿
大家上午好！我叫xxx，是xxx专业xx班的学生，我的论文题目是《xxx》。我的论文是在xx老师的指导下完成的。选取这个题目，我下了很大的决心，因为我所认识的师哥师姐目前还没有人做过有关词汇速记的研究，之前也有同学劝我放弃，认为维吾尔语词汇速记方法是不存在的，即使存在，也不会被像我这样的学渣所发现。把这篇文章定为我的毕业论文，是我之前从未想象过、也不敢想象的，之前认为的不可能，经过不懈的努力也成为了可能。为了写好这边文章，真的付出了很多，思考了很多。在此，感谢一向相信我、鼓励我、帮忙我的老师和朋友！也向在座参与毕业答辩的各位老师表示衷心地感谢。下面我将本论文设计的目的及主要资料向各位老师作一汇报，恳请各位老师给予点评与指导。
首先，我想谈谈本论文的选题背景、设计目的及好处。
背景：对于学语言的学生来说，最头疼的问题之一莫过于记单词，尤其对于xx语专业学生来说更是如此。单词是遣词造句的基石，其地位和作用十分重要。新东方教育的出现，打破了传统的语言学习，在单词记忆上，不再是死记硬背，而是倡导快乐学习，高效学习。俞敏洪、周思成就是很好的例子。查了一下资料，发现有关英语、日语、法语词汇速记研究的文献很多，但是却找不到维吾尔语词汇速记有关的研究论文。难道维吾尔语的学习注定是枯燥乏味的吗？难道只有死记硬背才能把单词记住吗？受到俞敏洪和周思成老师的启发，我开始思考，去尝试寻找一种适和大多数学生快速记忆维吾尔语词汇的方法，期望帮忙更多的维吾尔语专业的学生提高学习兴趣，短时间内快速提升词汇量，摆脱死记硬背、前背后忘的困扰。
其次，我想谈谈本论文的结构和主要资料。
本文在现有的维吾尔语词汇记忆方法的基础上，透过研究维吾尔语构词法并结合科学有效的记忆规律，提出了适用于大多数维吾尔语学习者的词汇记忆体系——“编码+分析+联想”记忆法。全文分为四个部分：
第一部分：介绍论文选题缘起、研究依据和方法。
第二部分：详细介绍编码记忆法，如何设置字母编码表及字母编码在单词记忆中如何运用。
第三部分：详细介绍分析记忆——词根词缀法，重点论述词根在单词记忆中的作用，常用前缀和常用后缀。
第四部分：详细介绍联想记忆法，将联想记忆法进行分类，本文将联想记忆法分为六种，分别是：谐音联想法、故事联想法、基本以联想法、形义联想法、分解联想法、加减联想法。对于不同构型的单词，结合单词自身的特点和自身的兴趣，选取最适合自己的方法进行单词的记忆。
论文的创新点：
1.首次提出维吾尔语字母编记忆，并独自绘制出维吾尔语字母编码表，自制的记忆工具，简洁使用。
2.维吾尔语常用词缀汇总表。记忆的工具，尽可能地将常见的前缀、后缀做一汇总，并给出实例，便于理解。
最后，我想谈谈本论文的不足之处
由于受本人学术水平、学习习惯和思维的限制，本文所提出的的维吾尔语“编码+分析+联想”记忆体系对于部分人来讲可能并不适用，但并不排斥其他的记忆方法。从记忆法的角度上来说，不存在一个所谓科学或者正确的单词划分，而只要按照记忆联想的原则，尽量提高符号的可辨性，让划分方法尽量贴近逻辑和生活习惯就能够了。只要能够为大部分的人所理解，能够覆盖大部分的单词，同时给出一个贴合的、逻辑的解释，对于记忆法来说就足够了。此外，对于常用词缀的汇总方面也不甚全面，文中有些单词的记忆方法比较牵强，记忆方法、字母编码表仍需继续完善。这些不足都有待于笔者在以后学习和工作中进一步学习和研究，不妥之处敬请各位读者修正！
经过本次论文写作，我对记忆法、维吾尔语词汇构词法有了更系统深入地学习，体会到了单词记忆本身并不是枯燥乏味的，而是一件搞笑的快乐的事情。由于自身潜力不足、经验不够等因素，本论文还存在许多不足之处，例如字母编码表部分字母不够生动形象，部分记忆方法过于繁琐，缺少逻辑等。所以许多问题也有待于进一步思考与探索。因此，借答辩机会，期望各位老师提出宝贵意见，给予批评与指正。我将虚心地理解，以便于更好地学习。
谢谢！
【篇五】毕业答辩演讲稿
你们好！我叫，是xx级专升本行政管理专业的学生xxx，我的毕业论文题目是《浅析我国电子政务发展问题及路径选取》。本论文是在老师的悉心指点下完成的，在那里我深表谢意。同时向这天不辞辛苦参加我论文答辩的各位老师表示由衷的感谢，并对两年来向教育、培养过我的老师表示深深的敬意。
下面，我将我的毕业论文基本资料做一个简要的陈述：
首先，选题的来源。
随着经济全球化和因特网的快速发展，电子信息技术日益渗透到社会生活的各个方面，个性是此刻社会的飞速发展，深刻地改变着我们的工作方式与生活方式，同时也给传统政府的管理模式带来一场革命。但由于电子政务是一种新生事物，其技术理性与技术要求远远超出了政府管理的现实状况，这使得电子政务在建设的过程中凸现了一些问题。因此，正视问题并采取相应的对策成为电子政务建设的当务之急。
其次，课题价值。
透过对电子政务的研究，一方面了解并掌握了电子政务的概念和资料；另一方面，电子政务能过降低办公费用，提高工作效率，提高政务决策理性和公共政策的品质，从而能更好地给社会公众带给服务，为实现“以信息化促进工业化、现代化”的发展战略具有重要的好处。
再次，论文的结构、主要观点和大概资料。
本文共分成三个部分：第一部分主要阐述了电子政务的概念及好处；第二部分主要分析当今电子政务发展中存在的一些问题；第三部分指出了如何解决我国电子政务发展问题的路径选取。
本文综合运用了理论研究与实地调查相结合的方法对我国电子政务进行深入分析。最后，本文尚存在的不足之处：
第一，搜集第一手材料的问题，再加上理论层次深入不够，因此，在写作的过程中，出现引用书本原文的现象，独创性评论较少。
第二，对电子政务研究不够充分细致，论文对这些问题没有深入展开探讨，与老师期望到达的水平仍有很大的差距。
虽然自己翻阅了许多资料、进行了不懈努力，完成了对电子政务的研究。但由于水平有限、时间仓促，其观点尚不成熟，不系统之处，敬请各位专家、老师批评指正。谢谢大家！
这个论文的话，题目太大，你可以缩小范围，比如政治方面，或者限制在文学方面，这种大题目都够建立一个研究所去研究了
Racial terrorismAfter its founding in 1867, the Ku Klux Klan, a secret vigilante organization sworn to perpetuate white supremacy, became a power for a few years in the South and beyond, eventually establishing a northern headquarters in Greenfield, Indiana. Its members hid behind masks and robes to hide their identity while they carried out violence and property damage. The Klan employed lynching, cross burnings and other forms of terrorism, physical violence, house burnings, and intimidation. The Klan's excesses led to the passage of legislation against it, and with Federal enforcement, it was squeezed out by anti-Republican and anti-freedmen sentiment only briefly went underground, as violence arose in other incidents, especially after Louisiana's disputed state election in 1872, which contributed to the Colfax and Coushatta massacres in Louisiana in 1873 and 1874. Tensions and rumors were high in many parts of the South. when violence erupted, African Americans consistently were killed at a much higher rate than were European Americans. Historians of the 20th century have renamed events long called "riots" in southern history. The common stories featured whites' heroically saving the community from marauding blacks. Upon examination of the evidence, historians have called numerous such events "massacres", as at Colfax, because of the disproportionate number of fatalities for blacks as opposed to whites. The mob violence there resulted in 40-50 blacks dead for each of the three whites killed.[23]While not as widely known as the Klan, the paramilitary organizations that arose in the South during the mid-1870s as the white Democrats mounted a stronger insurgency, were more directed and effective than the Klan in challenging Republican governments, suppressing the black vote and achieving political goals. Unlike the Klan, paramilitary members operated openly, often solicited newspaper coverage, and had distinct political goals: to turn Republicans out of office and suppress or dissuade black voting in order to regain power in 1876. Groups included the White League, that started from white militias in Grant Parish, Louisiana, in 1874 and spread in the Deep South; the Red Shirts, that started in Mississippi in 1875 but had chapters arise and was prominent in the 1876 election campaign in South Carolina, as well as in North Carolina; and other White Line organizations such as rifle clubs.[24]The Jim Crow era accompanied the most cruel wave of "racial" suppression that America has yet experienced. Between 1890 and 1940, millions of African Americans were disfranchised, killed, and brutalized. According to newspaper records kept at the Tuskegee Institute, about 5,000 men, women, and children were murdered outright, tortured to death in documented extrajudicial public rituals of mob violence —human sacrifices called "lynchings." The journalist Ida B. Wells estimated that lynchings not reported by the newspapers, plus similar executions under the veneer of "due process", may have amounted to about 20,000 killings.[citation needed]Of the tens of thousands of lynchers and onlookers during this period, it is reported that fewer than 50 whites were ever indicted for their crimes, and only four sentenced. Because blacks were disfranchised, they could not sit on juries or have any part in the political process, including local offices. Meanwhile, the lynchings were a weapon of white mob terror with millions of Afro-Americans living in a constant state of anxiety and fear.[25] Most blacks were denied their right to keep and bear arms under Jim Crow laws, and they were therefore unable to protect themselves or their families.[26]Politically and economically, blacks have made substantial strides in the post-civil rights era. Civil rights leader Jesse Jackson, who ran for the Democratic Party's presidential nomination in 1984 and 1988, brought unprecedented support and leverage to blacks in 1989, Douglas Wilder became the first African-American elected governor in . history. In 1992 Carol Moseley-Braun of Illinois became the first black woman elected to the . Senate. There were 8,936 black officeholders in the United States in 2000, showing a net increase of 7,467 since 1970. In 2001 there were 484 black 38 African-American members of Congress form the Congressional Black Caucus, which serves as a political bloc for issues relating to African Americans. The appointment of blacks to high federal offices—including General Colin Powell, Chairman of the . Armed Forces Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1989-1993, United States Secretary of State, 2001 - 2005; Condoleezza Rice, Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, 2001-2004, Secretary of State in, 2005 - 2009; Ron Brown, United States Secretary of Commerce, 1993-1996; and Supreme Court justices Thurgood Marshall and Clarence Thomas—also demonstrates the increasing visibility of blacks in the political progress for blacks' reaching the extremes of wealth has been slow. According to Forbes richest lists, Oprah Winfrey was the richest African American of the 20th century and has been the world's only black billionaire in 2004, 2005, and 2006. [1] Not only was Winfrey the world's only black billionaire but she has been the only black on the Forbes 400 list nearly every year since 1995. BET founder Bob Johnson briefly joined her on the list from 2001-2003 before his ex-wife acquired part of his fortune; although he returned to the list in 2006, he did not make it in 2007. With Winfrey the only African American wealthy enough to rank among America's 400 richest people [2], blacks currently comprise of America's economic elite and comprise 13% of the . 2008, Illinois senator Barack Obama became the first black presidential nominee of the Democratic Party, making him the first African-American presidential candidate from a major political party. He was elected as the 44th President of the United States on November 4, 2008, and inaugurated on January 20, 2009.
分类: 教育/科学 >> 外语学习 问题描述: 口语课要考试了，我想说说自己感兴趣的黑人文化，但是稿子很难找啊！有好的素材的同志能不能帮我找一篇啊？谢了。明天晚上就要啊！~谢谢各位了！ 解析: Hip Hop Culture Essay Since the early to mid 90’s, hip-hop has undergone changes that purists would consider degenerating to its culture. At the root of these changes is what has been called “mercial hip-hop". Commercial hip-hop has deteriorated what so many emcees in the 80’s tried to build- a culture of music, dance, creativity, and artistry that would give people not only something to bob their head to, but also an avenue to express themselves and deliver a positive message to their surroundings.. What does the term “mercial” mean? It can take on various meanings, but in essence that term is used to label artists who have alienated parts of the hip-hop culture in their work. The High and Mighty, a duo from Philadelphia signed to Rawkus Records, summed up what mercial hip-hop is in their 1999 single release “The Meaning”. Mr. Eon says: “…they’re tryin’ to turn hip-hop to just plain rappin’/let the poppers pop/and the breakers break…”But the disenchantment with artists who don’t appreciate hip-hop as consisting of emceeing, breaking, graffiti art, beat boxing and dj-ing is not new. Underground artists, predominately hip-hop purists, have lashed out at biters and perpetrators for many years. For example, in 1989 3rd Bass released their first album, The Cactus Cee/D. Throughout the album, MC Serch and Prime Minister Pete Nice scold the mercialized booty shakers like MC Hammer for corrupting hip-hop, particularly on the track “The Gasface” they specifically call out Hammer for his antics. Inside the album jacket, Serch sums up hip-hop in ‘89: “There was a time when nothing was more important than the New York Rap Scene.” It’s dilluted, but not divided.” To hip-hop afficionados, Serch’s quote sounds like the equivalent to a Vietnam soldier’s letter home. Obviously, the group saw the possibility of the hip-hop culture being tainted. Another good example of a group batting the increase in mercial hip-hop was The Boot Camp Clik, consisting of Buckshot, Helter Skelter, Cocoa Brovaz, OGC, Illa Noyz and The Representativz. The Clik’s slogan throughout the duration of their 1997 release Album for the People was: “Commercial rap get the gun clap”. A descendent of the early backpacker days, Buckshot has always been opposed to mainstream artists who sacrfice artistic integrity in the lure for more money. The underground hip-hop scene has emerged as a circuit where young, talented and intelligent emcees can thrive. Their message is less abrasive and violent. While not all underground artists are choir boys, they are not barking over mics in a frenzy either.. They play *** all, sometimes dark and dank venues in front of a couple hundred people or much less than that. Like the Christians in ancient Rome who held mass in catabs and spread their religion secretly, underground artists are privately leading a revolution in these *** all clubs now in promotion of returning rap to hip-hop, and there probably has never been such a fierce fire lit under the artists like there is now to bring change. Underground artists are fed up with how hip-hop is treated by a lot of major labels that have changed the structure of songs. In 2000, especially on the radio, you may hear one or o verses, an R&B singer lacing the track and then a hook that is repeated enough times to take up 3 plus minutes. This is a brash example of today’s state of hip-hop, but the point is made- creativity in hip-hop has been pushed aside for tracks that incorporate overused samples, have no real message, and have virtually eliminated the DJ from the music. Remember when you could listen to a song for five minutes and all you heard was Rakim bouncing outrageous similes and euphemi *** s off his tongue and Eric B. blessing the 1s and 2s. Not only was there depth in those types of tracks, but there was creativity and ingenuity. What about groups like Afrika Baambata whose songs lasted as long as infommercials. Eric B. & Rakim and Baambata are perferct examples of the true hip-hop culture because they were innovators and trendsetters, and Rakim never had enough to say. Unless you are an underground fan, you never hear artists like that on the radio. In reality, people have been brainwashed into thinking that what they hear on the radio is hip-hop. It falls terribly short of hip-hop, and may not be worthy of being called rap. Since 1995, we have seen a trend in the implementation of R&B into hip-hop music. The problem with that is it has dilluted the music. Commercial artists like Jay Z, for example, know that the dough will roll in if Blackstreet does the hook for one of his tracks that he, as stated earlier, only writes a couple versus to. Money now controls hip-hop instead of the artists controlling it, and label execs have bee more powerful in determining how an artist’s music will sound. This explains the increase in the number of independent labels because artists have discovered that they lose creative control over their music when they sign on with major labels. Now that I’ve ranted over the gripes we purists have about hip-hop as a whole, the next few chapters will deal with separate issues surrounding the decline, yet hopeful resurrection of the elements of the hip-hop culture.
《美国历史发挥作用的黑人》美国南北战争 亦称“美国内战”（1861—1865），美国北部诸州同南部发动叛乱的各奴隶制州之间的战争，是资本主义北部同奴隶制南部之间对抗性矛盾激化的结果。在美国历史上，黑人的作用比较明显的在体育运动上外，在政治上、宗教上都是很重要的，特别是奥巴马当选为美国总统，这种在政治上的地位黑人已经达到了巅峰；主要有以下方面的内容可以参考：1、在美国黑人政治地位明显提高，从林肯总统呼吁并解决对黑人的奴役和歧视被暗杀到现在出现美国历史上第一位黑人总统，可以看作是美国国内人权进步的一种象征。2、南北战争时期《解放黑人奴隶宣言》后积极参军，击败南方政府，促成国家再统一和强大；美国南北战争 约有19万黑人(其中72％来自南部各州)入伍，25万黑人在后方勤务部队中服役。3、人种融合，使用社会的发展，20世纪前绝大部分黑人生活的处境，他们先是充当奴隶，后来成为谷物分成制佃农，而后者是20世纪的产物，是农村黑人大规模迁往城市带来的后果。在这样两种环境下，黑人既吸收了白人文化，又发展了自己独特的亚文化。一方面，黑人接受了美国民主信条中的平等价值观；另一方面，他们不得不面对不平等和不为社会接受的现实。这促进了一个独特的文化共同体的形成。4、身体素质良好，推动了美国体育发展；这个比较多的，资金找找补充。5、黑人民权领袖马丁路德金为美国民主献出生命，马丁·路德·金为黑人谋求平等，发动了美国的民权运动，功绩卓著，闻名于世。金在成为民权运动积极分子之前，是黑人社区必有的浸礼会的牧师。民权运动是美国黑人教会的产物，本文记叙金的第一次民权演说，揭示了民权运动与黑人教会的关系。6、马尔科姆·艾克斯于1925年出生在美国内布拉斯加州东部的奥马哈市，少年时期是个不学无术的街头混混，贩毒、吸毒、滥交、抢劫、杀人几乎无恶不作。终于自食恶果，被抓入监狱。入狱后，他居然从看字典开始，学习了世界历史，哲学，政治，自然科学等方面的知识，并参加了黑色穆斯林组织。出狱后，他投身黑人运动，成为声望仅次于马丁·路德·金的黑人运动领袖。