公司锅炉房电气设计毕业论文

Fuel gas boiler room electrical explosion-proof design abstract: Through the analysis fuel gas boiler room accident cause factor, as well as to the standard the understanding analysis, has carried on the explicit elaboration to the boiler room electricity explosion-proof design. Key word: Fuel gas; Boiler room; Explosion-proof; Flammable gas density examination foreword Because the fuel gas boiler room superiority and so on its inherent environmental protection are promoting, especially is producing is mad the rich area, massive newly built and the transformation fuel gas boiler room project starts in abundance. However the electrical explosion-proof part explicit design article, the regional designers have not known and the procedure are different, the following elaborated that to the standard the understanding, the difficult dispute question which and the solution in the exchange discussion design practice exists, refers for the fellow colleagues. 1 explosion hazard regionalism acts according to GB code "Boiler room Design Standard" GB50041-1992, in electrical part 13.2.2nd: The fuel oil accent presses, between the fuel oil pump house, the powdered coal preparation, the coal breaker and transports the coal corridor and so on to have detonation and the fire risk place rank division, must conform to the present national standards "Detonation And Fire risk Environment Power installation Design Standard" concerned requirements. Xinjiang Korla area natural gas relative density: 0.8, refer to "Detonation And Fire risk Environment Power installation Design Standard" GB50058-1992, the 2.3.1st note 2: The relative density is bigger than 0.75 fire damp stipulation for again in the air gas; Refers to the 2.3.4th explosion hazard regionalism, in seals up in the building to ventilate the bad process units area, [possibly namely the boiler room, the measurement and has in the room which the natural air line passes in and out is 1 area refers to when normal operation presents fire damp mixture environment]. According to "Architectural design Fire protection Standard" GB50016-2006, 3.1.1st, the boiler room is takes the fuel using the natural gas, carries on production which the combustion makes other to use, belongs to the Ding kind of production fire hazard, simultaneously rests on the 3.1.1st 4 article explanation②, “Ding kind” the 2nd item: Although using the gas, the fuel or the solid carries on the combustion for the fuel, is the open fire production, but in the fixed equipment internal combustion, is not easy to create the fire. Although also has some explosion accident, but belongs to the physical property to explode generally, like boiler room, lime-roasting, blast furnace workshop and so on production. The above two standard contrasts see, the open fire production's boiler room, in the actual movement, divided into 1 area already not to have the too big significance. However, now in the enterprise, for instance the oil gas production pursue essence security, is through pursues in its flow the human, the thing, the system, the system and so on various essential factor security reliable harmonious unification, causes each kind of harm factor to be at throughout the control state, then draws close gradually the essence, the permanent security goal. How then to carry on the electrical design? 2 accident cause factors analyze the fuel gas boiler room accident's reason, has two kind of possibilities: The boiler proper explodes, the boiler room fire damp to achieve the explosion ratio to have the detonation. The boiler proper explodes, is because has the explosivity gaseous mixture existence in the chamber or the flue, when achieves the explosive limit, creates the accident by the open fire or boiler's high temperature ignition. This point is related the article showing match case with "Architectural design Fire protection Standard". The actual present boiler product had already considered the safety in production measure avoids. The qualified gas-fired boiler itself has the explosion-proof technological design, like the burner in the unusual circumstance auto-stop, the automatic control installment also stops the output fuel; The gas-fired boiler combustion system automaticity was high, includes the fuel gas pressure to be high, lower limit warning protection and so on, when controlled which step logical judgement didn't satisfy the hypothesis condition, start corresponding interconnection protection. Avoided the boiler proper exploding the possibility, but still had the above other one kind of possibility, whether to avoid? How to avoid?

工业采暖锅炉房是北方地区厂矿工业场地、居民小区一个很重要的配套设施，由于在正常生产过程中，若系统意外停电，可能造成很严重的后果，所以在锅炉房设计阶段，选用一种完善、经济的供电系统方案是非常重要的。根据本人多年锅炉房设计的实践，采暖锅炉房供电系统大致可分为以下几种，具体见下图“锅炉房供电系统分类”。下面就以本人设计并已投入使用的内蒙通辽市科尔沁左翼后旗甘旗卡集中供热工程锅炉房为例，就电源系统谈一下自己的体会。一、工程概况甘旗卡集中供热工程锅炉房供热工程是科尔沁左翼后旗旗政府的重点建设项目，设计容量满足甘旗卡大部分的供热负荷。设计容量为一台20吨和两台35吨锅炉。电气的总装机容量为1068.2kW，其中一号锅炉（20t锅炉）为119.4kW，二号锅炉（35t锅炉）为290.4kW，三号锅炉（35t锅炉）为290.4kW，公共部分（包括水循环、补水、上煤、出灰等系统）为453kW.根据甲方要求采用手动和PLC两种控制方法。二、高压电源的选择供热锅炉房工程直接关系到普通百姓的正常生活，它的重要性是显而易见的；另外，由于在系统正常运行时，如果系统停电，直接威胁外网供水管路的安全，所以，本锅炉房应按二级负荷供电。根据当地的实际情况，该系统采用双回10kV电源，一回使用，一回备用。三、低压供电系统方案的确定1、负荷初步统计补偿前各设备组的计算负荷一号锅炉的计算负荷为95.5kW二号锅炉的计算负荷为232.32kW三号锅炉的计算负荷为232.32kW公共部分的计算负荷为362.4kW2、初步确定低压供电系统方案由于锅炉房系统运行本身的高可靠性，要求系统在一台炉故障、两台炉故障、三台炉故障或供电系统部分故障等严重的情况下，应保证不造成大的经济损失，并能维持系统最基本的运行。如在全部或部分锅炉故障的情况下，最基本的要求是要保证水循环系统的正常运行，否则有冻坏管路的危险，造成的损失可能是无法弥补的。反应在供电系统方面，就需要选用两台变压器分列运行的系统，并设置联络开关，这样，在一台变压器故障的情况下，另一台变压器可保证供暖系统最基本的运行。另外考虑到每台锅炉系统运行的可靠性，每台锅炉的负荷应由一台变压器供电。3、负荷统计及变压器的选择并确定低压供电系统根据以上的思想及负荷的初步统计结果，按两台变压器进行负荷计算，一台变压器（一号变压器）负责一号锅炉及公共部分的供电，另一台变压器（二号变压器）负责二号、三号锅炉的供电。无功补偿采用自动补偿屏。由此可见，选用两台变压器分列同时运行，并互为备用的方案，满足生产过程中对供电系统可靠性的要求。具体见下图“锅炉房供电系统图”。四、高压供电系统方案的确定由前述可知，锅炉房高压供电采用双回10kV电源，一用一备，选用两台变压器，变压器同时分列运行。因此，高压供电系统可采用以下系统，见“高压配电系统图”。五、控制系统供电本锅炉房控制系统包括手动控制和自动控制。手动控制是指操作人员根据安装在仪表盘上的二次仪表显示数据并经过分析对锅炉系统实施的控制。自动控制是指PLC系统根据安装在现场的一次仪表返回的数据对系统进行分析并实施对设备的控制。因此，控制系统供电包括控制台（仪表盘）供电系统和PLC控制系统的供电。控制台（仪表盘）供电系统又包括用电设备控制电源系统、各种报警回路电源系统、一次仪表供电系统和二次仪表供电系统。PLC控制系统的供电包括PLC控制模块供电和工控机系统供电。为了使锅炉系统运行更合理，维护更方便，并满足锅炉系统运行高可靠性的要求，在设计控制部分的供电系统时，应考虑以下几点：1、当任意一台锅炉停止运行时，应保证其它至少一台锅炉系统的正常运行或水循环系统的最基本运行，所以所有锅炉设备电源及其控制电源不应取自同一段母线，见“锅炉房供电系统图”。2、当任意一台变压器或任意一段母线故障时，不应影响其它母线上设备的正常运行，所以每一台锅炉设备电源与其控制电源应取自同一段母线，且两段母线之间应加装母联柜。3、为了增加控制系统的可靠性，同时在某一台锅炉停止运行时，控制系统仍然能对其各种参数进行监视，就需要从其它母线上引第二电源，作为该锅炉控制系统电源的后备电源。4、为了保证上位机系统的正常运行，上位机供电系统应增设UPS电源。5、任何一台锅炉的任意一个参数的一次测量仪表、二次测量仪表应取自同一个电源，且应使用同一个保护元件保护。如某一台锅炉的风门调节系统，手操器、调节器和执行器应由一个电源供电，并采用一个熔断器保护。具体见下图“风门控制系统供电系统图”。6、电机等动力设备由单独控制电源统一供电，同一系统的设备控制电源应为一个，且取自同一个回路。如锅炉燃烧系统中的鼓风机、引风机和炉排电机的控制电源应为一个，且接自同一个熔断器（或自动开关）。综上所述，为了保证锅炉系统运行的高可靠性，在设计锅炉房控制部分的供电系统时，应综合考虑在不同条件下的具体情况。在设计实践中，可参考下图“锅炉房控制系统供电系统图”。需要说明的是：①该图中并未包括接地系统；②一号锅炉的省略部分与图中给出的部分类似；③二号、三号锅炉同一号锅炉类似，图中未给出；④本图只对供热锅炉的部分系统进行了表述，具体设计时应根据不同的锅炉类型、工艺过程具体考虑。以上介绍的就是我在锅炉房设计中总结的一点体会，文中不可能把所有的问题都详细的交代完整，只希望能为大家在锅炉房的设计实践中多提供一种思路，并希望大家多提意见。更多关于工程/服务/采购类的标书代写制作，提升中标率，您可以点击底部官网客服免费咨询：

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