英文论文中文文献中的句子

英文的.,8, 木桥人 举报 However, in China, when we talk with others, we usually ask the question “how old are you?” In Chinese, that means “你多大年纪了？”. For Chinese people, it is very mon to ask “你收入是多少？” “你是不是党员？”. But in English, asking “How much are you salary?” “Are you Party member?” are forbidden.这里的中文句子后面的问号应该要用英式的么？ 举报 tjlijin56 这个就得用中式的了，我还以为你是用拼音打字的呢。 你有具体的证据么？最好能给我提供下参考的书或者论文，感谢你啊,英语论文中引用的中文句子的标点符号用中式还是英式? 如题,我们在写毕业论文,英语系,论文写的是中英文对比方面的,英语为主,但里面少不了会有中文对照的句子,那些句子的标点符号是用中式还是英式?请给出证据.

一、英语论文的文中引述正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节；既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式 （即英语论文参考文献）的规范性。引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。目前美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。现针对文中引述的不同情况,将部分规范格式分述如下。1.若引文不足三行,则可将引文有机地融合在论文中。如:The divorce of Arnold's personal desire from his inheritance results in “the familiar picture of Victorian man alone in an alien universe”(Roper9). 这里,圆括弧中的Roper为引文作者的姓(不必注出全名)；阿拉伯数字为引文出处的页码(不要写成)；作者姓与页码之间需空一格,但不需任何标点符号；句号应置于第二个圆括弧后。2.被引述的文字如果超过三行,则应将引文与论文文字分开,如下例所示:Whitman has proved himself an eminent democratic representative and precursor, and his “Democratic Vistas”is an admirable and characteristicdiatribe. And if one is sorry that in itWhitman is unable to conceive theextreme crises of society, one is certainthat no society would be tolerable whosescitizens could not find refreshment in itsbuoyant democratic idealism.(Chase 165) 这里的格式有两点要加以注意。一是引文各行距英语论文的左边第一个字母十个空格,即应从第十一格打起；二是引文不需加引号,末尾的句号应标在最后一个词后。3.如需在引文中插注,对某些词语加以解释,则要使用方括号(不可用圆括弧)。如: points out that“he [Charles Darw in] has been an important factor in the debate between evolutionary theory and biblical creationism”(9).值得注意的是,本例中引文作者的姓已出现在引导句中,故圆括弧中只需注明引文出处的页码即可。4.如果拟引用的文字中有与论文无关的词语需要删除,则需用省略号。如果省略号出现在引文中则用三个点,如出现在引文末,则用四个点,最后一点表示句号,置于第二个圆括弧后(一般说来,应避免在引文开头使用省略号)；点与字母之间,或点与点之间都需空一格。如:Mary Shelley hated tyranny and“looked upon the poor as pathetic victims of the social system and upon the rich and highborn...with undisguised scorn and contempt...(Nitchie 43).5.若引文出自一部多卷书,除注明作者姓和页码外,还需注明卷号。如:Professor Chen Jia's A History of English Literature aimed to give Chinese readers“a historical survey of English literature from its earliest beginnings down to the 20thcentury”(Chen,1:i).圆括弧里的1为卷号,小写罗马数字i为页码,说明引文出自第1卷序言(引言、序言、导言等多使用小写的罗马数字标明页码)。此外,书名 A History of English Literature 下划了线；规范的格式是:书名,包括以成书形式出版的作品名(如《失乐园》)均需划线,或用斜体字；其他作品,如诗歌、散文、短篇小说等的标题则以双引号标出,如“To Autumn”及前面出现的“Democratic Vistas”等。6.如果英语论文中引用了同一作者的两篇或两篇以上的作品,除注明引文作者及页码外,还要注明作品名。如:Bacon condemned Platoas“an obstacle to science”(Farrington, Philosophy 35).Farrington points out that Aristotle's father Nicomachus, a physician, probably trained his son in medicine(Aristotle 15).这两个例子分别引用了Farrington的两部著作,故在各自的圆括弧中分别注出所引用的书名,以免混淆。两部作品名均为缩写形式(如书名太长,在圆括弧中加以注明时均需使用缩写形式),其全名分别为 Founder of Scientific Philosophy 及 The Philosophy of Francis Baconand Aristotle。7.评析诗歌常需引用原诗句,其引用格式如下例所示。When Beowulf dives upwards through the water and reaches the surface,“The surging waves, great tracts of water, / were all cleansed...”().这里,被引用的诗句以斜线号隔开,斜线号与前后字母及标点符号间均需空一格；圆括弧中小写的1是line的缩写；21不必写成1621。如果引用的诗句超过三行,仍需将引用的诗句与论文文字分开(参见第四项第2点内容)。二、英语论文的文献目录论文作者在正文之后必须提供论文中全部引文的详细出版情况,即文献目录页。美国高校一般称此页为 Works Cited, 其格式须注意下列几点:1.目录页应与正文分开,另页打印,置于正文之后。2.目录页应视为英语论文的一页,按论文页码的顺序在其右上角标明论文作者的姓和页码；如果条目较多,不止一页,则第一页不必标出作者姓和页码(但必须计算页数),其余各页仍按顺序标明作者姓和页码。标题Works Cited与打印纸顶端的距离约为,与第一条目中第一行的距离仍为；各条目之间及各行之间的距离亦为,不必留出更多空白。3.各条目内容顺序分别为作者姓、名、作品名、出版社名称、出版地、出版年份及起止页码等；各条目应严格按各作者姓的首字母顺序排列,但不要给各条目编码,也不必将书条与杂志、期刊等条目分列。4.各条目第一行需顶格打印,回行时均需缩进五格,以将该条目与其他条目区分开来。现将部分较为特殊的条目分列如下,并略加说明,供读者参考。Two or More Books by the Same Author Brooks, Cleanth. Fundamentals of Good Writing: A Handbook of Modern Rhetoric. NewYork: Harcourt, Hidden God: Studies in Hemingway, Faulkner, Yeats,Eliot, and Warren. New Haven: Yale UP,1963.引用同一作者的多部著作,只需在第一条目中注明该作者姓名,余下各条目则以三条连字符及一句点代替该作者姓名；各条目须按书名的第一个词(冠词除外)的字母顺序排列。An Author with an EditorShake speare, William. The Tragedy of Macbeth. Ed. Louis . New York: Washington Square, 1959.本条目将作者 Shakespeare 的姓名排在前面,而将编者姓名(不颠倒)放在后面,表明引文出自 The Tragedy of Macbeth；如果引文出自编者写的序言、导言等,则需将编者姓名置前,如:Blackmur, Richard . The Art of the Novel:Critical Prefaces. By Henry James. New York: Scribner's,i-xxxix.如果引言与著作为同一人所写,则其格式如下例所示(By后只需注明作者姓即可):Emery, Donald. Preface. English Fundamentals. By : Macmillan, Multivolume WorkBrowne, Thomas. The Works of Sir Thomas Browne. Keynes. 4 vols. London: Faber, , Thomas. The Works of Sir Thomas Browne. Keynes. . London: Faber, 1928. 4 vols. 第一条目表明该著作共4卷,而论文作者使用了各卷内容；第二条目则表明论文作者只使用了第2卷中的内容。A Selection from an AnthologyAbram, M. H.“English Romanticism: The Spirit of the Age.”Romanticism Reconsidered. Ed. Northrop Frye. NewYork: Columbia UP,.被引用的英语论文名须用引号标出,并注意将英语论文名后的句点置于引号内。条目末尾必须注明该文在选集中的起止页码。Articles in Journals, Magazines, and NewspapersOtto, Mary L.“Child Abuse: Group Treatment for Parents.”Personnel and Guidance Journal 62(1984): 336-48.报刊杂志名需划线,但其后不需任何标点符号。62为卷号或期号,如既有卷号,又有期号,则要将二者以句号分开。如:()；1984为出版年份,应置于圆括弧中。Arnold, Marilgn.“Willa Cather's Nostalgia: A Study inAmbivalance.”Research Studies .月刊或双月刊须同时注明出版年月；23-24,28表示该文的前一部分刊于第23和24两页,后一部分则转至第28页。Gorney, Cynthia.“When the Gorilla Speaks.”Washington Post31 July,1985:B1.

你列举的感觉并不是引述句啊，引述一般都是要用你的话把别人的话转一道。你列的不就是直接引用吗

引用句有时会直接引用名词和形容词

引述名词

引用名词可在后面加that, to do或wh词，通常用名词或形容词引述的时候，不会用到原文，而是用自己的话来描述被引用的观点事实

1. 当遇到acknowldgement, advice, allegation, announcement, answer, argument, comment, decision, explanation, forecast, guarantee, indication, observation, promise, recommendation, reply, speculation, statement, suggestion, threat, warning，用名词+that从句的形式，且that通常不能省略。

例：The claim is often made that smoking causes heart disease.

The jury came to the conclusion that the woman was guilty.

2. 遇到名词decison, invitation, encouragement, instruction, order, promise, recommendation, refusal, threat, warning，通常用名词+to do从句，其中部分名词后面也可以跟that从句

例： I accept Luisa's invitation to visit her in Rome.

He gave me every encouragement to take up painting again.

They carried out their threat to dismiss workers on strike. （或...their threat that tehy would dismiss workers on strike.）

遇到名词question, issue, explanation, discussion, problem时，用名词+wh从句，且名词后通常加of

例：Juan raised the question of when the money would be collected.

Our previous meeting looked at the issue of how to increase income.

以上很多名词还可以在后面+as to+wh从句或as to+wh词+to do来引出问题或话题，as to也可以被对应的介词替代

例： She asked my advice as to what subject she should study at university. （或...advice on...）

There was some discussion as to whether the price included tax or not. （或...discussion of...）

Before we left we gave them strict instructions as to how to cook it. （或者...about how to...）

引述形容词

1. 引述某人的感受或观点时可以用形容词+that从句，此类形容词除以下例句还有adamant, agreed, angry, annoyed, grateful, insistent, sure

例：The builders are certain that they'll be finished by the end of next week.

2. 表示不确定的形容词后跟wh从句，这类形容词除以下例句还有doubtful（通常跟wheter），uncertain, not certain, unsure

例：Scientists aren't sure where the remains of the satellite will land.

3. 某些形容词后面通常跟介词+名词短语，这类形容词又apologetic, comlimentary, insulting, tactful(+about), dismissive, scornful(+of), abusive, sympathetic(+to/towards)

例：Today's newspapers are very critical of the President's decision to appoint Mr Walters.

可以查出来，知网已经可以识别到这种中英互译的内容了，如果你只有一两句可能识别不到，大量翻译外文文献伪装成原创内容来欺搜索引擎，现在已经不可行了，只是比直接复制中文的内容要稍微好一点而已。