中西方问候语论文文献

An American studying in China had an appointment at noon. As he was getting on his bicycle a Chinese friend passed by. "Have you eaten yet？”The young Chinese asked. This, of course, is a common Chinese greeting around meal time and the American merely nodded with a smile, waved goodbye and went off. He realized that his friend’s remark was nothing more than a Chinese way of saying hello or Hi. If the greeting had been put literally into English "Have you eaten yet?" Or “Have you had your lunch? " It would have sounded rather unusual. To Americans, this greeting might mean this: "I haven't either. Come on, let’s go together and get something to eat." or "If you haven’t, I was just going to invite you to my place." In other words, it could indicate an invitation to a meal. Actually , another foreign student who had not been long in China once complained in such Chinese greetings: why you always ask me about eating meals, but I can pay for it by myself. To his way of thinking, people were concerned that he was not getting his meals properly because of lack of money. Clearly, he was offended. There is a similar Chinese greeting, such as ＂where are you going＂＂where have you been？＂ The natural reaction of most English-speaking people to this greeting would most likely be "It’s none of your business!" Fortunately, not all greetings sound strange or arouse displeasure. Many are similar, some are merely different. While greetings in many languages often indicate the time of day, there may be inconsistencies within a language. English has Good morning, Good afternoon and Good evening but not Good noon. And Good night is not a greeting at all, but an expression of farewell.

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中西方交际礼仪的差异 我国加入WTO已经三年多了，跨国交际日益增多，因中西方礼仪有着较大的差异，在交际中有可能会因不同的习惯、生活方式而产生距离，怎样才能尽量避免这些中外交际的隔阂呢？我们就得学习、解读中西方不同的礼仪，才能顺利地进行中外交流。 一、招呼语的差异 日常打招呼，中国人大多使用“去上班呀？”“吃了吗？”“上哪呢？”等等，这体现了人与人之间的一种亲切感。可是对西方人来说，这种打招呼的方式会令对方感到突然、尴尬，甚至不快，因为西方人会把这种问话理解成为一种“盘问”，感到对方在询问他们的私生活。在西方，这种问候他们只说一声“Hello”或按时间来分，说声“早上好！”“下午好！”“晚上好！”就可以了。 西方人最常用的问候语大多有两类：第一，谈天气。如英国人见面说：“今天天气不错呵！”这是因为英国终年西风带的影响，大西洋吹来的潮温气流使得天气无常，就连天气预报也没准，因此人们最关系天气。第二，谈近况。但只局限于泛泛而谈，不涉及隐私，可以说：“最近好吗？”初次见面总要说：“认识你很高兴”之类的客套话。 二、称谓的差异 在汉语里，一般只有彼此熟悉亲密的人之间才可以“直呼其名”。但在西方，“直呼其名比在汉语里的范围要广得多。 在西方，常用“先生“和”夫人“来称呼不知其名的陌生人。在英国，对十几或二十几岁的女子可称呼“小姐”，结婚了的女性可称“女士”或“夫人”等。 西方在称谓上似乎“不拘礼节”，习惯于对等式的称呼。如家庭成员之间，不分“上下长幼尊卑”，一般可互称姓名或昵称。在家里，可以直接叫爸爸、妈妈的名字。对所有的男性长辈都可以称“叔叔”，对所有的女性长辈都可以称“阿姨”。这在我们中国是不行的，必须要分清楚辈分、老幼等关系，否则就会认为你不懂礼貌，分不清上下长幼尊卑了。 对于家庭成员以外的称呼，中国人往往尊称对方为“李老师”、“陈师傅”，有时在姓后面加上此人当时所担任的职务，如“黄局长”、“王经理”等。但英美人除了几个传统习用的称呼――博士、医生、法官、教授等之外，对“李老师”、“陈师傅”一类的称呼是不能容忍的。也很少听他们称呼别人为“黄局长”“王经理”等。因为这一类称呼还没有变为像“博士、医生、法官、教授”等一样成为传统习用的称呼。 三、告别语的差异 中西语言中有多种不同的告别语。如在和病人告别时，中国人常说“多喝点开水”、多穿点衣服“、”早点休息“之类的话，表示对病人的关怀。但西方人绝不会说“多喝水”之类的话，因为这样说会被认为有指手画脚之嫌。他们会说“多保重”或“希望你早日康复”等等。 一位美国人在和他的中国朋友告别时说：“我会保持联系。”可是这位中国朋友等了一年多也未见只言片语，便抱怨他不讲信用。其实，这句话仅仅是一种告别词语，相当于“再见”，说话人并无他意，更没有作任何许诺。此外，西方文化中如果客人想告别，通常要提前几分钟将告别的意思暗示或委婉地向主人表达，并征得同意，然后才可以离开。如果突然说“时间不早了”，随即站起来和主人告别，这在西方文化中是被认为不礼貌的。

作文如下：

An American studying in China had an appointment at noon. As he was getting on

一位在中国学习的美国人中午有个约会。当他上车的时候。

his bicycle a Chinese friend passed by. "Have you eaten yet？”The young Chinese asked. This, of

一位中国朋友路过他的自行车。“你吃过饭了吗？”年轻的中国人问道。当然是这个。

course, is a common Chinese greeting around meal time and the American merely

当然，这是中国人在用餐时间和美国人之间常见的问候语。

nodded with a smile, waved goodbye and went off. He realized that his friend’s

他微笑着点点头，挥手告别，然后离开了。他意识到他的朋友。

remark was nothing more than a Chinese way of saying hello or Hi. If the

这句话只不过是中国人打招呼或打招呼的一种方式。

greeting had been put literally into English "Have you eaten yet?" Or“Have you

问候语的字面意思是“你吃过了吗？”或“你吃过了吗？”

had your lunch? " It would have sounded rather unusual. To Americans, this greeting might mean this: "I haven't either. Come on, let’s go together and get

“你吃过午饭吗？”这听起来很不寻常。对美国人来说，这问候语的意思可能是：“我也没有。来吧，我们一起去吃晚饭吧。”

something to eat." or "If you haven’t, I was just going to invite you to my

“吃点东西”或者“如果你没有，我只是想邀请你参加我的聚会。”

place." In other words, it could indicate an invitation to a meal.

换言之，它可以表示邀请吃饭。

英语作文技巧

1、审题，条理清楚

保证不跑提示写作当中第一任务，第二个重要任务就是要做到条理清楚。对于议论文来说，正反面要清楚，对于说明文来说条理要清楚，对于描述文来说，谁干什么要清楚。

2、写主题句

主题句是确保不跑题的前提，只有不跑题才有可得及格分。写主题句嘴保险的方法就是把中文提纲的各句译成英语。

3、问题阐述

适当用被动替换主动，这样能更客观地反映事实。