呼啸山庄论文的英文文献

The narrative is non-linear, involving several flashbacks, and involves two narrators - Mr. Lockwood and Nelly Dean. The novel opens in 1801, with Lockwood arriving at Thrushcross Grange, a grand house on the Yorkshire moors he is renting from the surly Heathcliff, who lives at nearby Wuthering Heights. Lockwood spends the night at Wuthering Heights and has a terrifying dream: the ghost of Catherine Earnshaw, pleading to be admitted to the house from outside. Intrigued, Lockwood asks the housekeeper Nelly Dean to tell the story of Heathcliff and Wuthering Heights while he is staying at the Grange recovering from a takes over the narration and begins her story thirty years earlier, when Heathcliff, a foundling living on the streets of Liverpool, is brought to Wuthering Heights by the then-owner, Mr. Earnshaw, and raised as his own. Earnshaw's daughter Catherine becomes Heathcliff's inseparable friend. Her brother Hindley, however, resents Heathcliff, seeing him as an interloper and rival. Mr. Earnshaw dies three years later, and Hindley (who has married a woman named Frances) takes over the estate. He brutalises Heathcliff, forcing him to work as a hired hand. Catherine becomes friends with a neighbor family, the Lintons of Thrushcross Grange, who mellow her initially wild personality. She is especially attached to the refined and mild young Edgar Linton, whom Heathcliff instantaneously year later, Hindley's wife dies, apparently of consumption, shortly after giving birth to a son, Hareton; Hindley takes to drink. Some two years after that, Catherine agrees to marry Edgar. Nelly knows that this will crush Heathcliff, and Heathcliff overhears Catherine's explanation that it would be "degrading" to marry him. Heathcliff storms out and leaves Wuthering Heights, not hearing Catherine's continuing declarations that Heathcliff is as much a part of her as the rocks are to the earth beneath. Catherine marries Edgar, and is initially very happy. Some time later, Heathcliff returns, intent on destroying those who prevent him from being with Catherine. He has, mysteriously, become very wealthy, and has duped Hindley into making him the heir to Wuthering Heights. Intent on ruining Edgar, Heathcliff elopes with Edgar's sister Isabella, which places him in a position to inherit Thrushcross Grange upon Edgar's becomes very ill after Heathcliff's return and dies a few hours after giving birth to a daughter also named Catherine, or Cathy. Heathcliff becomes only more bitter and vengeful. Isabella flees her abusive marriage a month later, and subsequently gives birth to a boy, Linton. At around the same time, Hindley dies. Heathcliff takes ownership of Wuthering Heights, and vows to raise Hindley's son Hareton with as much neglect as he had suffered at Hindley's hands years years later, the dying Isabella asks Edgar to raise her and Heathcliff's son, Linton. However, Heathcliff finds out about this and takes the sickly, spoiled child to Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff has nothing but contempt for his son, but delights in the idea of him ruling the property of his enemies. To that end, a few years later, Heathcliff attempts to persuade young Cathy to marry Linton. Cathy refuses, so Heathcliff kidnaps her and forces the two to marry. Soon after, Edgar Linton dies, followed shortly by Linton Heathcliff. This leaves Cathy a widow and a virtual prisoner at Wuthering Heights, as Heathcliff has gained complete control of both Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. It is at this point in the narrative that Lockwood arrives, taking possession of Thrushcross Grange, and hearing Nelly Dean's story. Shocked, Lockwood leaves for his absence from the area, however, events reach a climax that Nelly describes when he returns a year later. Cathy gradually softens toward her rough, uneducated cousin Hareton, just as her mother grew tender towards Heathcliff. When Heathcliff realizes that Cathy and Hareton are in love, he abandons his life-long vendetta. He dies broken and tormented, but glad to be rejoining Catherine, whose ghost had haunted him since she died. Cathy and Hareton marry. Heathcliff is buried next to Catherine (the elder), and the story concludes with Lockwood visiting the grave, unsure of what to fe

2012年02月13日 08时04分，《2011英语:英语论文：《呼啸山庄》汉译本翻译理论[1]》由英语我整理. 生的语言感情色彩和语言心理习惯上的视角差异,特别是英语存在着包括从词汇变化层面,到单个简单句的主谓人称、单复数、时态上,以及复杂句子的各个成分的纵横聚合选择上,都是不同的。这是造成英汉或汉英翻译障碍的其中一个主要原因。 再者,二者在选词择句上也是风格各异。例如: Hindley threw it,hitting him on the breast,and down he fell,but staggered up immediately,breathless and white……. 杨苡:辛德雷真的扔了,打在他的脸上,他倒了下去,可他又马上踉踉跄跄地站起来,气也喘不过来,脸也白了。——杨苡译译林出版社1990年8月版 方平:亨德来把铁秤砣仍过去,正中他的胸口,他一头到了下去,可是立即摇摇晃晃地站了起来,面无血色,气也喘不过来。——方平 译上海译文出版社 2001年8月版 从这里,我们看到方平的翻译读起来朗朗上口,句句精彩,好像在读一本武侠小说一样。因为他大量使用了极具动感的词汇,且用短句子表达,节奏非常轻快。而且,我们还会发现方平将后面的 breathless and white的顺序大胆地加以调整,使其更加符合人的逻辑思维和观察习惯。我们在观察事物的时候,一般是先有视觉上的印象然后才是听觉嗅觉等等。所以,从这一点看来,方平的翻译更加符合情景思维和逻辑思维。让我们继续来看。对于white这个词两个翻译家给出了不同的翻译结果。杨苡及其忠实于原文地将其译为“白”,而方平则根据中国读者的思维习惯和表达习惯,从读者所获得的视觉效果的角度将其译为“面无血色”.从这个问题上我们就能更加清楚地看到两位翻译家所采取的不同的翻译角度。杨苡侧重于意译也就是通过寻找外延意义上的对应的文字来忠实于原文,忠实于原作者的目的,其实这只是文字或文章的表层形式上的机械对等;但方平则从读者反映的角度对其加以描述性的阐释。直接译出了 white一词的内涵意义。 对于这个问题实质上涉及到关于翻译的本质问题,特别是文学翻译的本质问题。文学翻译的本质客体在特地高层次和范围内给主体提供了具有艺术创造性的客观基础,见于其主观表现形式;文学翻译具有艺术创造性,是译者在一定的自由度之内对原作的艺术再现和艺术表现文学作品的艺术再现和艺术表现是出于满足读者的审美要求,是同过语符化手段与情景的动态模拟重构并给以特定语言形式的再现(曾利沙,2001a)。 结论:由于两位翻译家采用了不同的翻译理论,而有了两个属于完全不同的译本。对此,我们不可能采用一刀切的翻译批评观,而只是说不同的理论指导下的具体的翻译方法,没有孰优孰劣之分,只有具体情况下的谁更合适的比较。 参考文献: [1]方平.呼啸山庄.上海译文出版社,2001. [2]蒋骁华.符号学翻译研究——文学语言的理据及其再创造.外语教学与研究出版社, 2003. [3]奈达.语言与文化——翻译中的语境.上海教育出版社,2001. [4]萧立明.新译学论稿.中国对外翻译出版公司,2001.

'Thrushcross Grange is my own, sir,' he interrupted, wincing. 'I should not allow any one to inconvenience me, if I could hinder it - walk in!' The 'walk in' was uttered with closed teeth, and expressed the sentiment, 'Go to the Deuce:' even the gate over which he leant manifested no sympathising movement to the words; and I think that circumstance determined me to accept the invitation: I felt interested in a man who seemed more exaggeratedly reserved than myself. When he saw my horse's breast fairly pushing the barrier, he did put out his hand to unchain it, and then sullenly preceded me up the causeway, calling, as we entered the court, - 'Joseph, take Mr. Lockwood's horse; and bring up some wine.' 'Here we have the whole establishment of domestics, I suppose,' was the reflection suggested by this compound order. 'No wonder the grass grows up between the flags, and cattle are the only hedge- cutters.'