王尔德英文论文题目

去学校图书馆，找相关的论文来参考比如：万方、维普……

英国的交际文化中，quick wit一直扮演举足轻重的地位，中文直译为急智，我更倾向理解为段子或金句。不好好说话、曲里拐弯、让人想好一会儿才能回过神却觉得的确如此甚至恰到好处的精妙，这是英国文化里十分推崇和偏爱的风格。如果两人若棋逢对手，你来我往的说着窗户纸里面的话，却又心知肚明会心一笑，简直就是酒逢知己千杯少，懂的人同样兴致勃勃，而get不到点的人就不知所云。在我看来，这个文化特性正是英国沙龙文化的基础，可持续性强又很排他。英国历史和现实中，很多极具quick wit的段子和金句堆积，闪闪发光受人景仰。其中英国金句金字塔的塔尖，晃得只瞎眼的，我敢说，定是奥斯卡王尔德（Oscar Wilde）无疑。这个19世纪西方文学史上“为艺术而艺术”（Art for art sake）唯美主义的代表人物，除了创造出无数纷繁芜杂却妙不可言的金句外，追求极致美的他一生放浪不羁桀骜不驯把自己的一生活成了艺术般的传奇。 第一次知道王尔德的名字还是初中时候看到一则小故事，说他经过一家花店径直走进去，让人家卖花姑娘从这儿拿一束那儿拿一束，最后姑娘累了问他到底要哪束花，王尔德说哦，我不买花，只是看到花太挤了，想帮她们透口气。然后就走了，就走了，走了，了。 当年同样一颗敏感悲悯心的我看得心头一颤，想着天呐，世界上竟然还有如此人设，于是秒粉，持续至今，以至于我在大学的毕业论文写的都是关于王尔德文学作品的美学研究。王尔德遣词造句讲究富丽华美，各种修辞和急智连绵不绝让人回味无穷。 他的作品其实并不算太多，但取材丰富、涉猎面广，有评论、有童话、有戏剧、有诗歌，长篇小说只有一部——《道林·格雷的画像》（The Picture of Dorian Gray）但也最知名。 《快乐王子及其他故事》（The Happy Prince and Other Tales）等童话集同样奠定他在儿童文学的高高地位。真正为王尔德赢得名誉的是戏剧作品，包括《理想的丈夫》（An Ideal Husband）、《温德米尔太太的扇子》（Lady Windermere`s Fan）、《认真的重要》（TheImportance of Being Earnest）、莎乐美（Salomé）等。 剧本里的每个人物都是段子高手出口成金，各种押韵暗喻反讽等高阶修辞手法脱口而出争锋相对，以至于王尔德的每一部戏剧作品都受着热烈的欢迎，有一个时期，伦敦的舞台上甚至同时上演着他的作品就多达三部。王尔德出生在都柏林，(尽管如今的爱尔兰在19世纪还是属于英国的管辖范围内，但我每次和英国人说王尔德是英国文学家时，他们都会纠正我，No, he is an Irish. 哦漏，他是个爱尔兰人。) 父母都是都柏林知名学者，成功人士，从小饱读诗书的王尔德很早就表现出他的天才过人。除了英文和爱尔兰语，王尔德很小精通法语德语，他的代表作之一《莎乐美》就是用法文创作的。他从小就表现出阅读速度方面的才能，半小时内可以精读一本三卷册的小说，还能复述十之八九。大学时期王尔德拿下全额奖学金就读都柏林三一学院和牛津大学，在19世纪最受推崇的古典文学方面，他有惊人的好成绩，不仅在都柏林三一学院时是头等生里的第一名，在牛津时代各种花天酒地之余，依然获得罕见的古典文学学位阶段考和学位终考的双一等成绩，绝对的天才生！ 这位天才留下很多灼灼其华的毒舌金句（quotes）广为流传，最为人津津乐道的莫过于在他入境美国海关时，当被问到需要申报什么，那句桀骜在人间的“I have nothing to declare except my genius. ”（除了我的天才，我没什么好申报的。）骄傲得迷倒众生一片。他讽刺爱情 How can a woman be expected to be happy with a man who insists on treating her as if she were a perfectly normal human being?（如果男人坚持把她当作一个完全正常的人，女人如何能期望会从他那里获得幸福？） When a love comes to an end, weaklings cry, efficient ones instantly find another love and wise already had one in reserve.（当爱情走到尽头，软弱者哭个不停，有效率的马上去寻找下一个目标，而聪明的早就预备了下一个） All women become like their mothers. That is their tragedy. No man does. That's his.（所有女人都会变得像她们的母亲一样，这是女人的悲剧。但没有男人变得像他们的父亲，这是男人的悲剧） Between men and women there is no friendship possible. There is passion, enmity, worship, love, but no friendship.（男女之间不可能存在友谊，有的只是爱恨情仇）他讽刺婚姻 Men marry because they are tired; women because they arecurious; both are disappointed.（男人因疲倦而结婚，女人因好奇而结婚；最终他们都会失望。） What is the chief cause of divorce? Marriage.（什么是离婚的主要原因？结婚。） Marriage is the triumph of imagination over intelligence. Second marriage is the triumph of hope over experience.（结婚是想象战胜了理智，再婚是希望战胜了经验。） 他嘲讽人性 It is absurd to divide people into good and bad. People are either charming or tedious（把人分为好坏挺荒谬的。人要不就有魅力，要不就无趣） It is only shallow people who do not judge by appearances.（只有肤浅的人才不会以貌取人） The commonest thing is delightful if only one hides it.（再普通的东西，只要你把它藏起来，它就讨人喜欢。） One can always be kind to people one cares nothing about.（一个人总是可以善待他毫不在意的人）他嘲讽这个时代 The difference between journalism and literature is that journalism is unreadable and literature is not read.（报纸和文学的区别是，报纸没法读，而文学则没人读） The public is wonderfully tolerant. It forgives everything except genius.（公众惊人地宽容。他们可以原谅一切，除了天才） Fashion is a form of ugliness so intolerable that we have to alter it every six months.（时尚就是一种丑陋，因为丑得太难容忍，所以我们每半年要换一拨） It is a very sad thing that nowadays there is so little useless information.（如今几乎没有无用的信息，这真是一件很悲哀的事） Death and vulgarity are the only two facts in the nineteenth century that one cannot explain away.（死亡和庸俗是十九世纪仅有的无法用巧辩逃避的东西。）他嘲讽自己 I was working on the proof of one of my poems all morning, and took out a comma. In the afternoon I put it back again.（我整个早上都在校对自己的一首诗，我去掉了一个逗号。下午我又把它加上去了） I like men who have a future and women who have a past.（我喜欢有未来的男人和有过去的女人）There are only two tragedies in life: one is not getting what one wants, and the other is getting it.（生活中只有两个悲剧：一个是没有得到你想要的，另外一个是得到了你想要的） The only thing to do with good advice is pass it on. It is never any use to oneself.（处理好建议的唯一方式就是将它传下去。好建议对自己是没有用的） To live is the rarest thing in the world. Most people exist, that is all.（生活是世上最罕见的事情，大多数人只是存在，仅此而已） Life is never fair…And perhaps it is a good thing formost of us that it is not.（生活从来不是公平的……而且，或许对我们大多数人来说，这是件好事）但毒舌金句王同样不失为正能量熬汤高手。 I don’t want to earn my living; I want to live.（我不想谋生；我想生活） Selfishness is not living as one wishes to live, it is asking others to live as one wishes to live.（过自己想要的生活不是自私，要求别人按自己的意愿生活才是） Discontent is the first step in the progress of a man or a nation.（不满是个人或民族迈向进步的第一步）除了王尔德的毒舌和惊世骇俗的着装外，被俗世所议论的还有他的私生活。王尔德是文学史上有名的同性恋，但更有名的是因为他痴恋的是昆斯伯理侯爵（Marquess of Queensberry）的儿子阿尔弗莱德·道格拉斯（Lord Alfred Douglas；昵称“波西Bosie”），以曾“与其他男性发生有伤风化的行为”（committing acts of gross indecency with other male persons）而被判有罪，在瑞丁和本顿维尔监狱服了两年苦役，出狱后破产并长期处于贫困潦倒直到去世。20世纪末，在遭到毁誉近一个世纪以后，英国终于给了王尔德树立雕像的荣誉。1998年11月30日，由麦姬·汉姆林雕塑的王尔德雕像在伦敦特拉法尔加广场附近的阿德莱德街揭幕。雕像标题为“与奥斯卡·王尔德的对话”（A Conversation with Oscar Wilde）。上面刻着王尔德最广为人知的那句：“我们都身处阴沟，但仍有人仰望星空。”（We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars.）正如他自己一生的写照。王尔德最打动你的是哪句？留言和我们分享你的感受和故事吧。 分享英伦的趣味与格调，欢迎关注英国范儿微信号：uktastes

英语论文开题报告范文及封面格式

关键字：英语论文开题报告

下面是一篇英语论文的开题报告范文，虽然不是特别好，但也反应了开题报告的格式和写法，有一定的'借鉴价值。

Function and Application of Descriptive Translation Studies

1 Introduction

The intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of Descriptive Translation Studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.

Since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. From then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. Among these schools is Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS).

DTS approaches translation from an empirical perspective. Translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. Therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.

My attention was first directed to DTS by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. The subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.

The method of DTS is basically descriptive. The prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. Translation phenomena are noted down. With accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. I will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.

A convenient tool has been set up to conduct DTS. “Norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. Function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. Translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.

The case taken in this thesis is the Chinese classic The Dream of Red Mansions. Two English versions translated respectively by Yang Hsien-yi and David Hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.

In this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, I hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of DTS.

2 Outline

Development and major concepts of DTS

In this part I will describe Holms’ basic map of DTS and the relationship between function, process and product. I will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.

Methodolgy

I will in this part discuss the methodology of DTS before I apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.

DTS in contrast to other theories

A contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of DTS from other theories such as equivalence theory and the Chinese Xin Da Ya criteria. Some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.

Case study

In this part, translation of The Dream of Red Mansions (also translated as The Story of The Stone) will be under investigation in light of DTS. Translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.

Conclusion

Based on the above elaboration of DTS and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of DTS in specific study of translation. Suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.

(Note: While the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)

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附录2- 引文范例(仅供参考)

“It is therefore pointless to try to make TC more scientific than is sensible in view of its complex subject-matter and available methods. Translating is a mental, multi-factorial activity which cannot exhaustively be investigated within a linguistic framework ignoring the person of the translator.”(Wilss, 1982: 217)

‘“噢，这就是恐水病吧？你们贵族圈子怎么流行起这种病来啦？真够呛的！费芬斯小姐，您喝点茶大概没关系吧！”’（张南峰，1990：59-60）

附录3- 参考文献范例(仅供参考)

Wilss, Wolfram. The Science of Translation – Problems and Methods. Gunter Narr Verlag Tubingen,1982.

Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. New York: Prentice Hall, 1988.

Delabastita, Dirk. Translating Puns: A false Opposition in Translation Studies. Target, 1991(3:2):137-152.

张南峰（译）. 王尔德戏剧选. 福州：海峡文艺出版社，1990.

戴炜栋. 构建具有中国特色的英语教学“一条龙”体系，外语教学与研究，2001（5）.

附录4- 封面范例(仅供参考)（中文）

对外经济贸易大学硕士学位论文

论品牌名称翻译的特殊性

专 业：

研究方向：

作 者：

导 师：

写作时间： —

对外经济贸易大学

英语学院

（英文）

School of International Studies

University of International Business and Economics

Pragmatic Strategies

in Advertising: Implicatures

Wang Ying

A thesis submitted to School of International Studies of

University of International Business and Economics

In partial fulfillment of the requirement

For the degree of Master of Arts

April 2002

Beijing, China

玩世不恭、唯美追求都体现在其著作中。