心理学论文发表美食

My favourite job —— taster

My favourite job is taster, it is an interesting job what job is to taste many kinds of food in the world.

I can discern they are too sweet, sour, briny, bitter or spicy and so on……

I like my job very much because that: According each food's taste, I can discern what it is without looking and *** elling.

I think, the job is very patible for me! Because when I was a teenager, I was very hypersensitive to each food's taste. When my mother was cooking in the kitchen, and I can tell my father that what will we eat for dinner!

So, I was very pleasure to be a taster! And I think, I will try my best to do my favourite job —— taster!

我最喜欢的工作——品酒师

我最喜欢的工作是品酒师，这是一份有趣的工作职位是什么味道在世界上许多种类的食物。

我能看出他们是太甜，酸，咸，苦、辣等......

我很喜欢我的工作，因为：根据每一种食物的味道，我可以分辨出它是什么，没有看和闻。

我想，这份工作对我来说是非常兼容的！因为当我还是个孩子的时候，我是非常敏感的每个食物的味道。当我的妈妈在厨房里做饭的时候，我可以告诉我的父亲，我们晚餐吃什么！

所以，我是一个非常快乐的体验！我想，我会尽我最大的努力去做我喜欢的工作——品酒师！

bad for the waistline, but fort food is good for the soul Comfort food may be bad for the waistline but it is good for the soul, say researchers. A study found that even thinking about mashed potato, chicken soup or chocolate pudding can bat loneliness. It is thought that we choose certain foods when the going gets tough because they remind us of happier times, including childhood meals and family holidays. 我们都知道，儿时学的成语“画饼充饥”的意思是：画个饼来解除饥饿。

比喻用空想来安慰自己。

特别是用来欺别人，并有“自欺欺人”的含义。

然而，随着科学越来越发达，针对美食与心理学之间的研究成果越来越多，好事的科学家们竟然得出结论：画饼充饥并非用来形容自欺欺人用“空想”来安慰自己。

据悉，专家证实，空想美食（比如鸡汤、巧克力布丁、土豆泥等等）都能达到“排解寂寞”以及身心健康的目的。

结论解释，当我们处在焦虑的状态中，我们倘若能 “意念”凭空想象一下美食的样子，这种美好的行为可以促发我们想起欢乐的时候，包括童年生活以及家庭其乐融融的景象。

In an attempt to make a group of volunteers feel lonely, the U.S. researchers asked them to write about a row with someone close to them. Some then wrote about eating a fort food while others wrote about eating a new food. Finally, participants answered questions about their levels of loneliness. Those who were generally secure in their relationships were able to rescue themselves from loneliness by writing about a fort food, the journal Psychological Science reports. 在针对一群志愿者的调查中美国研究人员发现，当要求志愿者写下最希望和亲密的朋友做什么事情才不孤单时（来测试他们对孤独的反映，孤单程度），很多人写到：享用美食、或者尝试新的食物。

科学家认为，那些在两性关系中处于比较稳固状态的人，会通过写出与朋友分享美食来度过孤独的时光，这项研究发表在《心理科学》期刊上。

University of Buffalo researcher Jordan Troisi said: 'It seems fort food is a sort of ready-made easy resource for remedying a sense of loneliness.' Cure to loneliness? Certain foods make us remember better times. 来自布法罗大学的研究员Jordan Troisi 说：“美食的效果很神奇，它可以唤醒人们对生活的美好的记忆，不失为戒除孤单的一种良药。

”其实一直觉得西方人的食物都挺贫乏的。

感恩节刚吃完火鸡、圣诞又接着吃，总不至于新年还吃吧？于是老外们就开口啦，我们新年可是有＂幸运食物＂的！那么这些＂幸运食物＂到底是哪些食物呢？ 自己煮一餐幸运食物，给自己来年添点运气。

For many, January 1 offers an opportunity to fet the past and make a clean start. But instead of leaving everything up to fate, why not enjoy a meal to increase your good fortune? There are a variety of foods that are believed to be lucky. 对于很多人而言，新年是一个忘掉过去、重新开始的机会。

不过，相比把一切都交给命运，干嘛不给自己煮一餐幸运食物，给自己来年添点运气呢？在美国和其他一些西方国家，有这么一些食物是大家新年常吃的，也就是人们常说的幸运食物了。

西班牙人会在新年的夜晚吃掉12颗葡萄 Grapes New Year's revelers in Spain consume elve grapes at midnight-one grapefor each stroke of the clock. Lately, each grape then represents adifferent month, so if for instance the third grape is a bit sour,March might be a rocky month. For most, the goal is to swallow all the grapes before the last stroke of midnight. 西班牙人会在新年的夜晚吃掉12颗葡萄--每一粒葡萄就代表一个时辰。

而后，这项传统演变为：一粒葡萄代表每年的一个月。

所以，如果你吃到的第三粒葡萄有点酸，那么来年3月可能就不顺。

不过最盛行的习俗，还是赶在午夜钟响以前把所有葡萄都吃掉！ 美国南方，羽衣甘蓝也是选择之一。

Cooked Greens Cooked greens, including cabbage,collards, and chard, are consumed at New Year's in different countriesfor a simple reason - their green leaves look like folded money, andare thus symbolic of economic fortune. The Danish eat stewed kale sprinkled with sugar and cinnamon, the Germans consumesauerkraut (cabbage) while in the southern United States, collards arethe green of choice. It's widely believed that the more greens one eatsthe larger one's fortune next year. 诸如卷心菜、甘蓝菜和厚皮菜这样的绿色蔬菜也是很多国家的新年食品。

人们吃它原因很简单：它们绿油油的叶子就像是钞票上的绿色，所以吃掉它们就表示来年财运不断。

在丹麦，人们会吃炖甘蓝菜、配糖霜和桂皮；在德国，酸白菜是菜单之一；美国南方，羽衣甘蓝也是选择之一。

大部分人都相信，吃掉这些绿色蔬菜，来年就财源滚滚啦！ Legumes Legumesincluding beans, peas, and lentils are also symbolic of money. Their *** all, seedlike appearance resembles coins that swell when cooked sothey are ...

People in different parts of our country have very different ideas about what is good to eat. In our country, for example, people from the south like to eat rice whereas people living in the north prefer bread or noodles. The natives of Hunan or Sichuan enjoy hot food while those of Shanghai or Suzhou will choose sweet dish.

The attractive flavor of yolk and white appears to let me experience the source of life deeplyMy Favorite FoodTea egg, my best friend for breakfast, possesses the fragrance of tea mixed with the flavor of yolk and white. The fragrance of tea in the morning makes me feel emerged in the imaginary woods. Every time when I *** ell its flavor, I feel as if I am taking a stroll in the forest, “Here es a totally new day!”. A charming tea egg for my breakfast along with a cup of tea awaken me like a nearby alarm clock. Eating tea eggs with such characteristics as both natural plants and animals gives me the messages

chinese take pride in their food culture just as french do. to taste a dish , what would you care most, the nutrition of the ingredients , the taste of the dish , the atomsphere you enjoy or the fun you may have when you are eating. The way i see it, chiese pay more attention to the atomsphere. it is easy to prove . Just think of how many things do you take during the spring festival dinner. people talk ,laugh ,but seldom eat. They spend most of the time on drinking and toasting. My father say that he cannot eat anthing after several bouts of wine. Can we say dishes made during the Spring Festival not dilicious ? On the contrary , the courses are exquisitely prepared. so chinese enjoy the dining atomsphere most.

Eight Regional Variations For most foreigners, “Chinese food” usually implies a lot of deep-fried, strong-flavored and greasy dishes that all taste similar. However, for Chinese people, “Chinese food” is a concept as useless as “German beer,” because, like Chinese culture in general, Chinese food is extremely diverse. China covers a large territory and has many nationalities; hence there is a wide variety of Chinese foods, each with quite different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavors. Because China's local dishes have their own typical characteristics, Chinese food can be divided into eight regional cuisines, the distinction of which is now widely accepted. Certainly, there are many other local cuisines that are famous, such as Beijing Cuisine and Shanghai Cuisine. Shandong Cuisine Consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, clean, pure and not greasy, is characterized by its emphasis on aroma, freshness, crispness and tenderness. Shallots and garlic are frequently used as seasonings so Shandong dishes taste pungent. Soups are given much emphasis in Shandong cuisine. Thin soups are clear and fresh while creamy soups are thick and taste strong. Jinan chefs are adept at deep-frying, grilling, pan-frying and stir-frying while Jiaodong chefs are famous for cooking seafood with a fresh and light taste. Typical menu items: Bird's Nest Soup; Yellow River Carp in Sweet and Sour Sauce Sichuan Cuisine Sichuan Cuisine, known more monly in the West as “Szechuan,” is one of the most famous Chinese cuisines in the world. Characterized by its spicy and pungent flavors, Sichuan cuisine, with a myriad of tastes, emphasizes the use of chili. Pepper and prickly ash are always in acpaniment, producing the typical exciting tastes. Garlic, ginger and fermented soybean are also used in the cooking process. Wild vegetables and meats such as are often chosen as ingredients, while frying, frying without oil, pickling and braising are used as basic cooking techniques. It can be said that one who doesn't experience Sichuan food has never reached China. Typical menu items: Hot Pot; Smoked Duck; Kung Pao Chicken; Water-Boiled Fish; Tasty and Spicy Crab; Twice Cooked Pork; Mapo Tofu Guangdong (Cantonese) Cuisine Tasting clean, light, crisp and fresh, Guangdong cuisine, familiar to Westerners, usually has fowl and other meats that produce its unique dishes. The basic cooking techniques include roasting, stir-frying, sauteing, deep-frying, braising, stewing and steaming. Steaming and stir-frying are most frequently used to preserve the ingredients' natural flavors. Guangdong chefs also pay much attention to the artistic presentation of their dishes. Typical menu items: Shark Fin Soup; Steamed Sea Bass; Roasted Piglet; Dim Sum (a variety of side dishes and desserts) Fujian Cuisine Combining Fuzhou Cuisine, Quanzhou Cuisine and Xiamen Cuisine, Fujian Cuisine is renowned for its choice seafood, beautiful color and magical tastes of sweet, sour, salt and savory. The most distinct feature is their ＂pickled taste.＂ Typical menu items: Buddha Jumping Over the Wall; Snow Chicken; Prawn with Dragon's Body and Phoenix's tail Huaiyang Cuisine Huaiyang Cuisine, also called Jiangsu Cuisine, is popular in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Using fish and crustaceans as the main ingredients, it stresses their freshness. Its carving techniques are delicate, of which the melon carving technique is especially well known. Cooking techniques consist of stewing, braising, roasting, and simmering. The flavor of Huaiyang Cuisine is light, fresh and sweet and its presentation is delicately elegant. Typical menu items: Stewed Crab with Clear Soup, Long-boiled and Dry-shredded Meat, Duck Triplet, Crystal Meat, Squirrel with Mandarin Fish, and Liangxi Crisp Eel Zhejiang Cuisine Comprising local cuisines of Hanzhou, Ningbo, and Shaoxing, Zhejiang Cuisine is not greasy. It wins its reputation for freshness, tenderness, softness, and *** oothness of its dishes with their mellow fragrance. Hangzhou Cuisine is the most famous one of the three. Typical menu items: Sour West Lake Fish, Longjing Shelled Shrimp, Beggar's Chicken Hunan Cuisine Hunan cuisine consists of local cuisines of Xiangjiang Region, Dongting Lake and Xiangxi coteau areas. It is characterized by thick and pungent flavors. Chili, pepper and shallot are usually necessities in this variation. Typical menu items: Dongan Chicken; Peppery and Hot Chicken Anhui Cuisine Anhui Cuisine chefs focus much more attention on the temperature in cooking and ...

DUMPLING 饺子 Jiaozi(chinese Dumpling) is a traditional chinese food ,which is essention during holidays in nor thern china.Chinese dumpling bees one of the most widely love food in china. Chinese dumpling is one of the most important foods in chinese new year.Since the shape of chinese dumpling is similar to ancient chinese gold or silier ingots ,they symbolize wealth .Traditional,th e members of a family get togeter to make dumplings during the New Year's Eve.They may hide a coin in one of the dumplings. The person who finds the coin will likely have a good fortune in the New Year.Chinese dumpling is also popular in other chinese holidays or festivals,so it is part of the chinese culture or traditional. Chinese dumpling is a delicious food.You can make avariety of chinese dumplings using different filling based on your taste and how various ingredients mixed together by you . Making dumpling is really teamwork .Usually all family members will join the work .Some people starte to make dupling when they were kids in the family ,so most chinese know how to make dumpling . Many foreigners are found of dumpling and interested in making dumpling. They are very glad to join the work .

chinese food There are many different kinds of food in China. It's famous in the world. A lot of foreigners like it very much , too. It's very popular in the world.They're Cantonese food, Sichuan food, Shanghai food, Hunan food and so on. Generally speaking, Cantonese food is a bit light, Sichuan food is very hot, Shanghai food is rather oily, and Hunan dishes are very spicy, having a strong and hot taste. Mapo Beancurd, steamed fish sweet and sour pork ribs, spring roll and many Chinese dishes are very delicious.

I mostlikethe foodThere is a saying,a lot of peopleoften say:＂the world is boundless,eatthe largest.＂Different people,liketo eat the foodis notnecessarily the same,strange,table delicacies from land and sea,delicious food,a lot of peoplelove to eatthere,and I justloveto eategg.Speaking ofwhy Iliketo eategg,dad said,oran anecdote!When I was five,my father boughta fish.At dinner,I accidentally puta fishbonein thethroat,after a doubleafter the toss,tochokedown.Since then,everyfatherto buy a fish,my motherwithme eggs.Eggboneless,I ate very quickly,but also very relievedto eatslowly,Ilike to eategg.I mostliketo eatsteamed eggandfried eggs.Eggis theeggopen,putthe egg white and yolkis evenly mixed with water,addonion,putin the potsteamedto eat.In my perception,draftcan bedeliciouseggs!Wateregg may usespoonto eatapiece,alsocanputin the riceand ricestir aftereating,itparticularly sweet taste.Fried eggsare moreused to say,inside the egg yolkafterfried,spicy!My mother oftensaid to me:＂eat so muchegg,carefulexaminationto'0'points!＂I said:＂that's not true,eggproteinis rich,I eatso much,nutrition is rich,I willbee more intelligent.Maybe,Ishould be'arootchopsticksoegg!＂Oh dear.Do not say,I am hungry,Iwant to eategg.我最喜欢的食物有一句话，很多人常说：“天大地大，吃饭最大。

”不同的人，喜欢吃的食物不一定相同，说起来奇怪，山珍海味，美味佳肴，世上有很多人爱吃，而我偏偏喜欢吃鸡蛋。

说起我为什么喜欢吃鸡蛋，听爸爸说，还是一件趣事呢！在我五岁时，爸爸买回一条鱼。

在吃饭时，我不小心把一条鱼骨刺到了的喉咙里，经过一翻折腾后，才噎了下去。

自从那天后，凡是爸爸买鱼回来，妈妈就拌水蛋给我吃。

鸡蛋没骨，我吃得很快，也非常放心吃，慢慢地我居然很喜欢吃鸡蛋。

我最喜欢吃蒸水蛋和煎蛋。

蒸水蛋就是把鸡蛋打开，把蛋清和蛋黄加水搅拌均匀，加些葱，放在锅里蒸熟就可以吃了。

在我的感觉里，吃水蛋可香啊！水蛋可以用汤匙一块块地吃，也可以放进饭里和饭搅拌均匀后吃，那味道特别香。

煎蛋就更用说，里面的蛋黄经过煎，香味十足啊！妈妈经常对我说：“吃那么多鸡蛋，小心考试得'0'分啊！”我说：“才不是这样呢，鸡蛋里蛋白质丰富，我吃了这么多，营养丰富，我会变得更聪明。

说不定，我考试应该是‘一根筷子夹两个鸡蛋呢！”哎呀！不说了，我肚子饿了，我又想吃鸡蛋了。

Jiaozi(chinese Dumpling) is a traditional chinese food ,which is essention during holidays in nor thern china.Chinese dumpling bees one of the most widely love food in china. Chinese dumpling is one of the most important foods in chinese new year.Since the shape of chinese dumpling is similar to ancient chinese gold or silier ingots ,they symbolize wealth .Traditional,th e members of a family get togeter to make dumplings during the New Year's Eve.They may hide a coin in one of the dumplings. The person who finds the coin will likely have a good fortune in the New Year.Chinese dumpling is also popular in other chinese holidays or festivals,so it is part of the chinese culture or traditional. Chinese dumpling is a delicious food.You can make avariety of chinese dumplings using different filling based on your taste and how various ingredients mixed together by you . Making dumpling is really teamwork .Usually all family members will join the work .Some people starte to make dupling when they were kids in the family ,so most chinese know how to make dumpling . 饺子（饺子），是我国传统的食品，这是在假日essention的饺子也thern china.Chinese成为最广泛的爱，中国食品之一。

饺子是中国的农历新年year.Since的中国饺子形状的最重要的食物之一是类似于中国古代的黄金或西利耶尔锭，它们象征着财富。

传统，第一个家庭成员都得到togeter的位置，使在新的饺子今年的Eve.They可能隐藏在饺子一个硬币。

谁的人找到了硬币将很可能在新Year.Chinese饺子好运气也很受欢迎，在其他中国假日或节日，因此，它是中华文化传统的一部分。

中国饺子是一种美味食物.你可以利用中国饺子多种多样使用不同的灌装根据自己的口味和你在一起的混合各种成分如何。

制作饺子实在是团队精神。

通常所有的家庭成员将加入工作。

有些人斯塔特使dupling当他们在家庭中的孩子，所以大多数中国知道如何使饺子。

Today was the First Food Festival. Many different kinds people came to take part in it. Some people ordered Beijing roast duck. Some people would like Indian curries, and so on. All the food *** elt nice and tasted nice, too. Michael sold 20 cheese pies. I worked most carefully. I sold the most bowls of fried rice. What an interesting day it is. ·Talk about the color, size, style and material of your clothes, then write down a short passage. My favorite coat/ dress is a red one. My grandma bought it for me in Beijing o years ago. The size of my coat is M and it's made of cotton. I feel fortable in it. What's more, the style of the dress is great. It's very popular with young people. It's also a little like a Chinese Tang costume. I like it very much.

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中式烹调专业论文国家中式烹调技师：王合民论人类饮食“生食、熟食、烹饪”王合民商洛扶贫技工学校摘要：人类的发展历史过程也是饮食文化传承的过程。 人类各民族在不断发展，推动者文化与文明向前进化，然而饮食文化也在推动者社会文明和社会进步。一个国家或民族的生食出现早，熟食进化块，烹饪文化发展时间长，其饮食文化就发达。就我国而言，饮食文明的历程应当从170万年以前的元谋人时代开始。人们的生活烹饪文化的影响之大，烹饪文化就带动了社会文明向前进化。烹饪以三个阶段为基本发展规律即“生食、熟食。烹饪”，在这三个阶段的发展过程中离不开五个基本条件，那就是比较稳定的原料、人工能控制“火”、基本的调味品“盐”、能耐高温而又不漏水的器恤以及能切割打碎的工具。生食进化为熟食包括高度文明的烹饪才能顺利的实施。在实施的过程中也是由粗放简单到细致而复杂。随着生食、熟食以及烹饪的发展和个民族之间的推广传播过程，人类的语言交流、工具的使用，文化传播也在不断增进。因而饮食文化也在不断更新，推动者社会的文化，文明程度的发展。关键字:饮食 生食 熟食 烹饪一、 生食阶段远古时期人们活动范围很小，接受的食物原料液收到一定限制，生食是人类主要方式。以茹毛饮血、生吞活嚼的野蛮生活，与其他动物没有太大的区别。生活区域也是有着部落限制，道德意识自然狭小而自足。“生食“不仅对人类的健康有影响而且给人类社会的发展带来不利，因为人们性格暴躁、野蛮，交流缺乏；经常出现局部内乱和战争，受害者依然是弱小者好妇女，这是生食生活给人类的影响。生食过程，人们意识到生食对健康受到极大影响，卫生也和人类的发展不相适应，因而对群体生活来讲，原料浪费之大，随着每天换回的生食不能很好的保存，大量的食物将因气候的变化腐烂掉，当在人们需禁食时则需要付出采集，没有工具的时期采的东西很少，没有储存的能力，加上人类没有劳动的意识，每天24小时都在不停的吃东西，好像人类远古时期把大部分时间用在吃上。因此对社会的发展，特别是人类的交流、智慧、接触都受到不一定影响，所以人类就开始对雷电、火山、自然森林火灾、动物残骸很感兴趣；当出现类似现象后，人们便集中到有残骸的地方去寻找比生食更有味的食物，同事他们也在对外界观察分析并通过交流、传播来推广这一行为，这就为后来的进化熟食鉴定了基础。二．熟食阶段人类在日常生活打猎的过程中，遇到雷电火山及长期干旱自然形成森林火灾后，发现被烧死的动物残骸，拿回住地，在使用时的口感和生食口感有着不同变化，通过残骸的食用人来好像在仪式上接触了一种新的东西，这种感觉给原始人类带来了新启发和智慧以及人类在寻求熟食的制作途径。随着人类社会的发展，逐步积累了能控制能保存火种意识和能力的存在，为熟食的发展鉴定了重要的基础。因而人类有了熟食的概念和宿愿，在生活中推广和应用，改变了人类以生食为主的生活方式，这是人类文化的一大进步，也推动着社会文化的跨越式进化。从此人类进入了文明的发展时期。在人类漫长的生食生活岁月里，积累了正反两方面的实践经验，同时人类开发自己的智慧。面对生活，将钻木取火这一种发明广传应用，是人类各个部落的取火、用火得到了由简单到成熟，为熟食生活的进一步完善在不停的奋斗着，他们智慧创造出古老的陶瓷器工具来加工熟食，而且进一步在更新工具，有意识的开展生产活动，从而可以想象古人开发概念由陶器制作上升到瓷器的研究，由石器工具刀后来的铁器工具、铜器。尽管时间很长，但人类的研究创造发现和发明无不为明天奋进，就在这一发展熟食的伟大革命中，政治制度也随即产生，经济形势很原始，但是人类渴求发展思维，依然崛起。以原始社会到奴隶主生活奢侈，不能看出人类政治经济初级的简单和商品交换有了初步的形成，说明随着熟食生存方式改变，对人类的劳动能力的租金和规律生活是一大进步，由于政治制度建立人类住所，因智慧的差别和占有自然资源的多少而出现差别，为人类的追求也有更新宿愿，也推动了劳动技术的变化和发展，因而熟食的进化对人类的政治经济起到了推动作用。不仅如此，人类继续用自己的智慧和劳动，不断的追求者美好的未来，在生活、劳动、交流、发展中探索新的生活之路。二、 烹饪阶段烹饪阶段的出现与发展，是因为氏族公社的形成出现了商品原始交换活动，燧人氏发明了钻木取火，伏羲区渔猎牧和人工养殖，神农氏发明了种植，宿沙氏发明了煮海盐，借宿了生食和熟食的的单依性和粗放行为，人们开始改变饮食和生活的新历程，是人类饮食文化和生活的新历程，是人类饮食文化的又一飞跃。这一飞跃，对人类的烹饪带来灿烂的文化，将原始文化上升到新水平，而且有了著名论段，把“火“说成烹调的起源把”盐“说成是调的开始，这是一个真理，无法改变。后来人们要了解这一真理，必须学习历史，尊重历史，新的烹调意愿”享“是简单的熟食过程，随着”火“的利用在烹的基础上来完善意思是人类吃的好一点，随着”烹“的理念就在人们思想中形成了”烹“的概念！也就是说”烹“代替”亨“也是进化过程，从此人类把”烹“就规定下来了，碰的产生被人类认可，开始了发展时期。烹的文化形成，人们对盐的发展和利用没有停下脚步，烹的过程利用盐，烹的依托加上盐“调”的开始，是人类又进一大步，把烹调的理念广为流传。在烹饪大的概念指导和影响下，原料是烹饪的最基本的条件，原料的品种人类要去为它命名，原料的性质要为它去分类，原料的质地要为它去记载，因而出现了《易经.鼎》立于不败之地。享与烹的词语记载《齐民要术》、《食珍录》、《食.经》都面熟了烹饪的过去。而今天的烹饪又是如何呢？首先是八大菜系的形成，丰富了四大菜系流派的不足，到现在传统菜和流行菜品的结合真可谓推陈出新。比如中式菜肴的特点而论：取料广泛选料讲究而受到世界各民族的喜爱，因为我国地跨寒、温、热三带，疆域辽阔，物产丰富动植物原料非常盛产，应有尽有。历代厨师在烹调实践中，并非墨守成规，还善于开发，运用各种类型的原料在外国人看来很不可思议，时至今天，中式菜肴入菜原料足有两千多种。并且还有不少新兴的原料被越来越多地普遍采用，如鸵鸟、火鸟、仙人掌、芦荟等。烹饪原料选料必须讲究鲜活、产地、季节、品种、部位、质量等。以适应烹调方法和菜肴特点的需求。中式菜肴讲究刀工精湛配料巧妙；中式菜肴在烹调中讲究刀工，中式菜肴的刀工、刀法运用是外国厨师绝无仅有的。无论条丝、丁、片、块、段、沫、茸形状通过混合刀法，也可加工成麦穗、荔枝、裹、衣、梳子、菊花等。刀法以达到菜肴的美化为目的，加上中式菜肴的合理配料，从营养、形状、安全、色泽、口味、质量、食疗等方面得以体现。中式菜肴在烹饪上讲究火候，有大火、小火、微火等；早在《吕氏春秋、本味》篇中就有记载…….火为文纪，时及时徐。灭腥去燥除颤，必须基胜、无失其理、知味奇特，适度用火，不得违背用火原理。大、中、小微火交替进行，确保烹制形成爽、滑、酥、嫩、烂、软、糯、浓、弹、韧、硬等不同地口感。创新菜品，讲究盛器；在中式烹调进入盛世时期，由于中国地域宽广，民族历史悠久，文化、习俗各异，使中式烹调形成了多种不同的风味名菜就有5000多种，花色菜品的种类就有上万之多，是世界上任何其他国家所无法比拟的。人们常说，又美食要有美器，就是说没事和美器同样重要上，上等的菜品搭配上精美典雅的盛器，能使其形状锦上添花。用烹饪原料造型文章，雕琢的天地毕竟是有限的，结合原料的自然形色，巧用各种各样的美器，很能表情达意。多种多样的盛器与众多美食，文间大体构成这样的关系：对于整禽整鱼宜用长盘、煎炒爆熘宜用圆碟，汤羹甜菜宜用海碗，精湛闷罐宜淘砂，粉蒸酵点连笼上，刷煮羊鱼宜锅中，酱菜醋姜宜白盏，参翅燕鲍宜华恤。宜大则大宜小则小，或全席之恤，青成一色，或满桌之恤，杂色多形，皆成天趣，食与器的完美结合，充分体现了我国独特饮食文化特色。中西结合，借鉴求新：中式烹调即可在优秀传统的同时还善于结合本软食特点，借鉴西餐的一些先进的东西，主要表现在原料的选择，调料的使用，加热方法的改变和改进剂工艺革新等方面。如咖喱粉、吉士粉、西红柿酱中病改变技法，有的在中式烹调技法中添加西餐调味品；这方面都是保持我国的民族风格和地方特色，利用西餐的优势和特点丰富中餐，改善中餐中不足地方，结合地方特色，创新中介和使古老的东方文化在现代的精工巧艺中发挥出更加灿烂的辉煌。烹饪的诞生，以用火为标志，当人类明确了烹饪的原理和烹饪的规律之后，社会就有了明确的分工，烹饪的名词随即诞生，人类的生活方式于是发生了质的改变。《礼记.礼运》篇记载的“古者未有火化，食草木之食，鸟兽之肉，饮其血，茹其毛”的说法，人类对火源，火的功能认识！即人工取火的技能掌握。为烹饪打好了基础；恩格斯曾经讲过:”火的利用便是烹饪的起源。“因此火是烹饪的第一条件。大约在一万年前出现了陶器石器工具盒盐湖、海盐的发现。人类普遍用盐来使用熟食时”调“便开始了。因此人们说，发现火是烹饪的起源，发现盐是调的开始。有了烹和调，人类的饮食生活发生了质的变化，随着人类生活、生产交流区域扩大人，类发现了原始烹饪的原料，发明制造了许多石器、陶器，工具烹饪打下了走向饮食文明的基础。人类开始了人类社会特别是饮食文化又一新的文明时代，在长期生活过程中，人类对如陶器、石斧、石刀、鬲、陶鼎、陶瓷、骨赘、铜刀、铜釜、铜鼎的制造利用，说明了饮食文明，然而对烹饪的脆性和韧性，烹饪原料的分类利用，以及原料、调料的四性、五味的发明与认识也有了进一步的明确。因此出现了不同类型的加工方式和烹调方法。以我国最早的流派为例，从夏商三代为奴隶社会，商周味列九鼎的豪华饮食文化。以及魏晋南北朝时期《安平公食学》、《食珍录》、《食经》、《齐民要术》，烹饪实现了由术到学的飞跃。由唐宋瓷器的发明完成中国烹饪，色、香、味、形、器的五大属性。元明清时期中国形成了多民族的大融合，继而带来的中国烹饪技术，第二次交流、大竞争、大蓉和、大发展时期。中式菜肴已有四十几种烹调方法中国筵席个人剧也基本产生，饮食的风格形成以鲁苏奥四大菜系风味流派的飞跃使中国烹饪整体格局日趋向实膳食的新阶段。同时人类学会了种植和驯养，有了五菜、五谷、五畜、五果、和五味之说。南朝的酱、姜、蜜、桂、椒等多种品味。烹调也有了烘、烤、烧、煮、蒸的方法。刀工精湛、配料巧妙原料加工整体划一，条、丝、丁、片、块、段、米、沫、茸、型为主要形成手段。烹调上，调味不离三椒，变化精妙一菜一格，白菜百味，必须看到烹饪的分类运用，植物性，动物性，矿物性人工合成性。调味料做助料。以粮、蔬、果、肉、水产、干货加调味品，我国四大淡水鱼养《青鱼、草鱼、鲢鱼、鳙鱼》。四大海水鱼《大黄鱼、小黄鱼、带鱼》为主要。形成了我国烹饪原料，制作出人们喜爱的色、香、味、形、器一应俱全且使用安全，富有特色和营养的中式菜肴，使人类得到真正意义的美食享受。感到中国烹饪文化伟大和独特，把生食、熟食、烹饪的概念应传承下去，为中华民族的伟大复兴贡献力量。