在lithos上发表论文怎么样

改进了镍硫火试金及碲同沉淀富集铂族元素制样方法，并建立了ICP-MS测定铂族元素方法；取得了萨德伯里Cu-Ni-(PGE)硫化物矿床成因的新证据；提出了豆荚状铬铁矿床成因新模式；此外，在科马提岩和蛇绿岩的研究中也取得了一些新成果。发表论文200余篇，其中国际SCI论文160余篇，SCI论文被SCI论文引用近2000次，在“Lithos和“Journal of Asian Earth Sciences上合编专辑各1辑，合作出版专著2部。合著专著2部。

Nature：克拉通岩石圈地幔的成因模型

克拉通是地球上古老而又稳定的大陆地块。克拉通的岩石圈地幔是金刚石的宝库，它们形成于25亿年前的太古宙和16-25亿年前的古元古代(Peslier et al., 2010; Lee et al., 2011)。克拉通型岩石圈地幔具有明显的特征：厚度巨大（可达300km）、密度较低、亏损玄武质成分、高度难熔、低温梯度低(Lee et al., 2011)，而且岩石圈地幔的年龄越古老，密度就越小，密度小的原因在于其特定的化学组成。

古老的克拉通岩石圈地幔是在地球演化的早期阶段经过壳幔分异事件之后形成的，它们是原始地幔（主要由易熔的二辉橄榄岩组成）经过高程度的部分熔融，大量玄武质熔体被抽取之后残余的难熔组分（以难熔的方辉橄榄岩为主），因此，古老的克拉通岩石圈地幔具有明显富Mg、贫Fe、高度难熔的组成特征。玄武质熔体被大量抽取之后，古老克拉通岩石圈地幔的密度小于下伏的软流圈，因此，它能够像船一样长期“漂浮”在软流圈之上。克拉通的岩石圈地幔具有机械抵抗力(Arndt et al., 2009)，能够防止由于地幔对流而造成的破坏，因而能够长期存在。

古老克拉通的岩石圈地幔是如何形成的？尽管科学家们针对这一问题开展了大量的研究，然而，目前对克拉通岩石圈地幔成因的认识仍然存在明显的分歧。分歧的焦点主要集中在两种不同的学术观点：熔融模型和堆积模型。

第一种观点（熔融模型）认为，克拉通岩石圈地幔是通过地幔物质底辟上升、地幔倒转、或者地幔柱携带地幔过渡带的物质上升并发生高程度熔融形成的(Boyd, 1989; Stein and Hofmann, 1994)，因此它们代表高度亏损玄武质熔体、相对干燥、低密度的熔融残余。该模型容易被大家接受，因为它能够合理地揭示很多观测到的现象，比如岩石圈地幔的低密度现象（高程度熔融的结果）、有浮力(Boyd, 1989; Stein and Hofmann, 1994)、岩石圈的厚度与年龄具有正相关性，无水地幔橄榄岩捕虏体的发现指示岩石圈地幔具有足够的粘度而不受下伏软流圈的影响(Peslier et al., 2010)。根据该模型可以预测，在地幔物质减压熔融的过程中，由于上部地幔物质的熔体抽取程度更高，因此地幔熔融柱顶部的密度应相对较低，而岩石圈地幔底部的密度应相对较高。然而，熔融模型所预测的岩石圈地幔化学分层与其他学者的观测资料和工作模型(Lee et al., 2011)所预测的结果有很大出入。

关于克拉通岩石圈地幔成因的第二种学术观点（堆积模型）认为，古老的克拉通岩石圈地幔最初是通过俯冲的大洋地壳及其最初形成于洋中脊的亏损地幔叠置堆积而成(Helmstaedt and Schulze, 1989; Beall et al.,2018)。该模型也成功地解释了一些地质现象，比如，岩石圈地幔巨大的厚度、岩石圈地幔相对于大洋岩石圈亏损玄武质熔体，以及克拉通地区金伯利岩中产出的榴辉岩捕虏体具有大洋地壳的地球化学特征。然而，堆积模型也存在着一些问题，比如，难以解释大洋岩石圈中相对大量的古大洋地壳物质与金伯利岩地幔捕虏体中相对稀少的榴辉岩捕虏体之间的不一致性(Arndt et al., 2009; Lee et al., 2011)。此外，由于古老的俯冲板片中含有相当厚度的大洋地壳，它可能会受到板块断裂和/或板块后撤的影响而不能发生多重堆积(Perchuk et al., 2019)。

为了解决上述存在争议的科学问题，一种新的替代模型——热-机械模型被提出(Sizova et al., 2010; Perchuk et al., 2019)，并在最近得到了进一步的发展。近期，Perchuk et al.（2020）在Nature上发表论文，建立了二维高分辨率岩浆-热-机械模型，通过模拟研究，他们发现：在太古代板块构造开始之后，位于俯冲大洋板块之下具有正浮力和韧性、亏损玄武质熔体的、热的地幔层，在大洋板块俯冲的过程中，不能随着大洋板块同步俯冲（图1），而是滞留于邻近的大陆板块之下，形成具有克拉通规模的粘性原始陆核。之后，随着地温梯度的下降，侵位于大陆之下具有高粘滞度的亏损地幔层也随之降温，与大陆合为一体，成为古老克拉通的岩石圈地幔。根据大陆岩石圈地幔的厚度估算表明，该模型所展示的动力学机制在古老克拉通岩石圈的主要形成时期是有效的。因此，前寒武纪时期携带高度亏损地幔层的大洋板块俯冲作用是陆下巨厚岩石圈地幔形成的先决条件，由于巨厚岩石圈地幔的存在，使得古老的克拉通在随后的板块构造过程中得以长期保存。这项研究为第二种观点提供了新的证据：古老克拉通岩石圈地幔是通过早期大洋板块俯冲引起的板片堆积形成的。

主要参考文献

Arndt N T, Coltice N, Helmstaedt H, et al. Origin of Archeansubcontinental lithospheric mantle: Some petrological constraints[J]. Lithos,2009, 109(1-2): 61-71.

Beall A P, Moresi L, Cooper C M. Formation of cratonic lithosphereduring the initiation of plate tectonics[J]. Geology, 2018, 46(6): 487-490.

Boyd F R. Compositional distinction between oceanic and cratoniclithosphere[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1989, 96(1-2): 15-26.

Helmstaedt H, Schulze D J. Southern African kimberlites and theirmantle sample: implications for Archean tectonics and lithosphere evolution[J].Kimberlites and Related Rocks, 1989, 1: 358-368.

Lee C T A, Luffi P, Chin E J. Building and destroying continentalmantle[J]. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 2011, 39: 59-90.

Perchuk A L, Gerya T V, Zakharov V S, et al. Building cratonic keelsin Precambrian plate tectonics[J]. Nature, 2020, 586(7829): 395-401.

Perchuk A L, Zakharov V S, Gerya T V, et al. Hotter mantle butcolder subduction in the Precambrian: What are the implications?[J].Precambrian Research, 2019, 330: 20-34.

Peslier A H, Woodland A B, Bell D R, et al. Olivine water contentsin the continental lithosphere and the longevity of cratons[J]. Nature, 2010,467(7311): 78-81.

Sizova E, Gerya T, Brown M, et al. Subduction styles in thePrecambrian: Insight from numerical experiments[J]. Lithos, 2010, 116(3-4):209-229.

Stein M, Hofmann A W. Mantle plumes and episodic crustal growth[J].Nature, 1994, 372(6501): 63-68.

校对：张腾飞

共发表论文200余篇，合作出版专著5部。代表性论文有：[1]Blattner P, Hu RZ, et al., Temperatures and isotopic evolution of silicic magmas, Taupo Volcanic Zone and Coromandel, New Zealand, N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 1996, 39: 353-362.[2]Hu RZ, Burnard PG, et al., Helium and argon isotope systematics in fluid inclusions of Machangqing copper deposit in west Yunnan province, China, Chemical Geology, 1998, 146: 55-63.[3]Burnard PG, Hu RZ, et al., Mantle, crustal and atomspheric noble gases in Ailaoshan gold deposits, Yunnan province, China, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1999, 63: 1595-1604.[4]Hu RZ, Su WC, et al., Geology and geochemistry of Carlin-type gold deposits in China, Mineralium [5]Bi XW, Cornell DH, Hu RZ, REE composition of primary and altered feldspar from the mineralized alteration zone of alkali-rich intrusive rocks, western Yunnan province, China, Ore Geology Reviews, 2002,19: 69-78.[6]Fang WX, Hu RZ, et al., Influence of black shales on soils and edible plants in the Ankang area, Shanxi Province, China, Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2002, 24: 35-46.[7]Peng JT, Hu RZ, et al., Samarium-Neodymium isotope systematics of hydrothermal calcites from the Xikuangshan antimony deposit (Hunan, China): The potential of calcite as a geochronometer, Chemical Geology, 2003, 200 : 129-136.[8]Hu RZ, Burnard PG, et al., Helium and argon isotope geochemistry of alkaline intrusion-associated gold and copper deposits along the Red River-Jinshajiang fault belt, SW China, Chemical Geology, 2004, 203:305-317.[9]Lee XQ, Hu RZ, et al., Ontogenetic trace element distribution in brachiopod shells: an indicator of original seawater chemistry, Chemical Geology, 2004, 209: 49-65.[10]Bi XW, Hu RZ, et al., The alkaline porphyry associated Yao'an gold deposit, Yunnan, China: rare earth element and stable isotope evidence for magmatic-hydrothermal ore formation, Mineralium Deposita, 2004,39:21-30.[11]Jia DC, Hu RZ, et al., Collision belt between the Kyanka block and the North China block in Yanbian region, Northeast China, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2004, 23: 211-219.[12]Zhao JH, Hu RZ, et al., Geochemistry, petrogenesis, and tectonic significance of Mesozoic mafic dikes, Fujian province, Southeastern China, International Geology Review, 2004, 46:542-557.[13]Zhong H, Hu RZ, et al., Review of the Link between the Hongges Layered Intrusion and Emeishan Flood Basalts, Southwest China: Internationgal Geology Review, 2005, 47, 971-985.[14]Liu S, Zou HB, Hu RZ, et al., Mesozoic mafic dikes from the Shandong Peninsula, North China Craton: Petrogenesis and tectonic implications, Geochemical Journal, 2006, 40: 181-195.[15]Li ZL, Hu RZ, et al., Helium isotope geochemistry of ore-forming fluids from Furong tin orefield in Hunan Province, China, Resource Geology, 2006, 56: 9-15.[16]Xie GQ, Hu RZ, et al., K-Ar dating, geochemical, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic systematics of late Mesozoic mafic dikes, southern Jiangxi Province, Southeast China: Petrogenesis and tectonic implications, International Geology Review, 2006, 48: 1023-1051.[17]Peng JT, Zhou MF, Hu RZ, et al., Precise molybdenite Re-Os and mica Ar-Ar dating of the Mesozoic Yaogangxian tungsten deposit, central Nanling district, South China, Mineralium Deposita, 2006, 41: 661-669.[18]Zhao JH, Hu RZ, et al., Elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic geochemistry of Mesozoic mafic intrusions in southern Fujian province, SE China: implications for lithospheric mantle evolution, Geological Magazine, 2007, 144: 937-952.[19]Li ZL, Hu RZ, et al., He, Pb and S isotopic constraints on the relationship between the A-type Qitianling granite and the Furong tin deposit, Hunan Province, China, Lithos, 2007, 97: 161-173.[20]Qi HW, Hu RZ, et al., Concentration and distribution of trace elements in lignite from the Shengli Coalfield, Inner Mongolia, China: Implications on origin of the associated Wulantuga Germanium Deposit, International Journal of Caol Geology, 2007, 71: 129-152.[21]Qi HW, Hu RZ, et al., REE Geochemistry of the Cretaceous lignite from Wulantuga Germanium Deposit, Inner Mongolia, Northeastern China, International Journal of Caol Geology, 2007, 71: 329-344.[22]Tao Y, Li CS, Hu RZ, et al., Petrogenesis of the Pt-Pd mineralized Jinbaoshan ultramafic intrusion in the Permian Emeishan Large Igneous Province, SW China, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 2007, 153: 321-337.[23]Hu RZ, Bi XW, et al., Uranium metallogenesis in South China and its relationship to crustal extension during the Cretaceous to Tertiary, Economic Geology, 2008, 103：583-598.[24]Liu S, Hu RZ, et al., U-Pb zircon age, geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopic constraints on age and origin of alkaline intrusions and associated mafic dikes from Sulu orogenic belt, Eastern China, Lithos, 2008, 106: 365-379.[25]Hu XY, Bi XW, Hu RZ, et al., Experimental study on tin partition between granitic silicate melt and coexisting aqueous fluid, Geochemical Journal, 2008, 42: 141-150.[26]Liu S, Hu RZ, et al., Zircon U-Pb geochronology and major, trace elemental and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic geochemistry of mafic dykes in western Shandong Province, east China: Constrains on their petrogenesis and geodynamic significance, Chemical Geology, 2008, 255: 329-345.[27]Liu S, Hu RZ, et al., K-Ar ages and geochemical plus Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of adakitic volcanic rocks, western Shandong Province, eastern China: Foundering of the lower continental crust, International Geology Review, 2008, 50: 763-779.[28]Liu S, Hu RZ, et al., Cenozoic high Sr/Y volcanic rocks in the Qiangtang terrane, northern Tibet: geochemical and isotopic evidence for the origin of delaminated lower continental melts, Geological Magazine, 2008, 145: 463-474.[29]Yuan SD, Peng JT, Hu RZ, et al., A precise U-Pb age on cassiterite from the Xianghualing tin-polymetallic deposit (Hunan, South China), Mineralium Deposita, 2008, 43: 375-382.[30]Hu RZ, Burnard PG, et al., Mantle-derived gaseous components in ore-forming fluids of the Xiangshan uranium deposit, Jiangxi province, China: Evidence from He, Ar and C isotopes, Chemical Geology, 2009, 266: 86-95.[31]Hu RZ, Qi HW, et al., Geological and geochemical constraints on the origin of the giant Lincang coal seam-hosted germanium deposit, Yunnan, SW China: A review, Ore Geology Reviews, 2009, doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2009.02.007.[32]Liu S, Hu RZ, et al., Zircon U-Pb age, geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions of adakitic volcanic rocks from Jiaodong, Shandong Province, Eastern China: Constraints on petrogenesis and implications, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2009, 35: 445-458.[33]Zhong H, Zhu WG, Hu RZ, et al., Zircon U-Pb age and Sr-Nd-Hf isotope geochemistry of the Panzhihua A-type syenitic intrusion in the Emeishan large igneous province, southwest China and implications for growth of juvenile crust, Lithos, 2009, 110: 109-128.[34]Cao JJ, Hu RZ, et al., TEM observation of geogas-carried particles from the Changkeng concealed gold deposit, Guangdong Province, South China, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2009, 101: 247-253.[35]Bi XW, Hu RZ, et al., Crystallisation conditions (T, P, fO(2)) from mineral chemistry of Cu- and Au-mineralised alkaline intrusions in the Red River-Jinshajiang alkaline igneous belt, western Yunnan Province, China, Mineralogy and Petrology, 2009, 96: 43-58.[36]Su WC, Hu RZ, et al., Calcite Sm-Nd isochron age of the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit, Guizhou, China, Chemical Geology, 2009, 258: 269-274.