龋病微创治疗的英语论文

马诺库马尔Choudhuri 病理科，医学院校学士学位， Bankura ，西孟加拉，印度 根据现有的知识，分类，任何疾病的变化时，如与软组织肿瘤。世卫组织分类的软组织肿瘤是首次出版于1969年两次修订在1994年和2002年。 以下是一些主要发生的变化，在最新的分类： [ 1 ] ， [ 2 ] 成纤维细胞肿瘤/所谓fibrohistiocytic肿瘤：最引人注目的变化在这组是恶性纤维组织细胞瘤已经失去了荣耀，并已降级为“未分化多形性肉瘤。 ”黏液纤维组织细胞瘤已改为“ myxofibrosarcoma ， ”这是最常见的软组织肉瘤老人个人。 平滑肌肿瘤和骨骼肌肿瘤：没有重大变化，这一群体。 Adipocytic肿瘤：一种分化良好的脂肪肉瘤没有恶性潜能，因此， “非典型脂肪瘤”是首选的肿瘤时，出现四肢及其他手术经得起网站。然而，长期， “分化良好脂肪肉瘤”是保留的肿瘤中产生的后腹腔和纵隔。不完全切除的结果局部复发甚至在没有分化。 Myolipoma和软骨瘤有两个新的实体包括在最近的分类。 Pericytic肿瘤：一些肿瘤以前归类为血管外皮细胞瘤是无法区分的，由“孤立性纤维瘤。 ”然而，鼻腔血管外皮细胞似乎是真正的pericytic病变。大型群体pericytic /血管瘤已更名为“ myopericytomas ” 。 血管瘤：梭形细胞haemangioendotheliomas已更名为“梭形细胞血管瘤。 ” 我们大家都明白，诊断细针穿刺取决于模式识别。因此，细胞学分类的软组织肿瘤的基础是主要的格局。免疫组化已越来越多地使用在最近的过去作进一步分类的病变。 软组织肿瘤分为五组[ 3 ]的基础上，他们的细胞学结果： 多形性的模式：是该送气音丰富的移动电话和有一个显着变化，细胞大小和形状。核多形性十分突出，一些肿瘤细胞的核仁较大; bizzare肿瘤巨细胞可以检测。多形性脂肪肉瘤，多形性未分化肉瘤和多形性横纹肌肉瘤属于这个组。 梭形细胞模式：主轴细胞的下跌作为分册。一个典型的梭形细胞有梭形或卵核;细胞质是锥形，单极或双极;核分裂的变数。纤维肉瘤和平滑肌肉瘤目前这一经典梭形细胞格局。分给我吧，我求你了

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Cytology of soft tissue tumors: Cytological classification of soft tissue tumors 有关软组织肿瘤的细胞学：软组织肿瘤在细胞学上的分类 Manoj Kumar Choudhuri （名字） Department of Pathology, B S Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal, India BS医学院，病理学系，印度西孟加拉Bankura Depending on existing knowledge, classification of any disease changes from time to time, as is the case with soft tissue tumors. The WHO classification of soft tissue tumors was first published in 1969 and was revised twice in 1994 and 2002. 根据现存的知识，对於”疾病的变化”所做的分类，一直随时间在改变。对软组织肿瘤所做的分类就是这样一个例子。世界卫生组织(WHO)对软组织肿瘤所做的分类，最先发表於1969年，并分别於1994与2002年做过修订。 Following are some of the major changes that have taken place in the latest classification: [1],[2] 以下是”最新分类’上出现的一些主要改变。 Fibroblastic tumor / so-called fibrohistiocytic tumor : The most striking change in this group is that malignant fibrous histiocytoma has lost its glory and has been relegated to an "undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma." Myxoid fibrous histiocytoma has been replaced with "myxofibrosarcoma," which represents the most common soft tissue sarcoma in elderly individuals. 纤维组织母细胞肿瘤／即所谓的纤维组繊球性肿瘤(fibrohistiocytic tumor)： 这个群组最显著的改变在於，恶性纤维所构成的组织细胞瘤已经不像过去那样意义非凡，现已被贬为一种”未分化多形性肉瘤(undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma)”。 粘液样纤维构成的组织细胞瘤(myxoid fibrous histiocytoma)已经被黏液纤维肉瘤(myxofibrosarcoma)所取代，这是老年人最常见的软组织肉瘤。 Smooth muscle tumor and skeletal muscle tumors : There has been no significant change in this group. 平滑肌肿瘤与骨骼肌肿瘤：这个群组并未有明显的改变。 Adipocytic tumors : A well differentiated liposarcoma has no malignant potential, thus, "atypical lipomatous tumor" is the preferred term when the tumors arise at extremities and other surgically amenable sites. However, the term, "well differentiated liposarcoma" is reserved for tumors arising in the retroperitoneum and mediastinum. Incomplete resection results in local recurrence even in the absence of dedifferentiation. Myolipoma and chondroid lipoma are two new entities included in the recent classification. 脂肪细胞肿瘤：是一种不具恶性潜能的分化良好型脂肪肉瘤，因此，不典型脂肪瘤样肿瘤(atypical lipomatous tumor)这个名称被采用，因为肿瘤发生在身体末端如四肢，以及其它适合外科手术的地方。然而，分化良好型脂肪肉瘤(well differentiated liposarcoma)这个名称，则是被用於发生在后腹腔与纵膈腔的肿瘤。即使在没有”失分化”的情况下，切除不完整将导致局部性再发。肌脂瘤(myolipoma)与软骨样脂肪瘤(chondroid lipoma)是新加入分类中的两个种类。 Pericytic tumors : Some tumors previously categorized as hemangiopericytomas are indistinguishable from "solitary fibrous tumors." However, sinonasal hemangiopericytomas appear to be truly pericytic lesions. Large groups of pericytic / perivascular tumors have been renamed as "myopericytomas". 周细胞肿瘤：一些先前被归类为血管外皮细胞瘤(hemangiopericytoma)的肿瘤，与孤立性纤维性肿瘤(solitary fibrous tumor)的区分不是很明显。然而，鼻腔鼻窦血管外皮细胞瘤(sinonasal emangiopericytomas)看似真正周细胞的损害。 周细胞的大群组已被更名为肌周细胞瘤(myopericytomas)。 Vascular tumors : Spindle cell haemangioendotheliomas have been renamed as "spindle cell hemangiomas." 血管肿瘤：纺锤体细胞血管内皮瘤(Spindle cell haemangioendothelioma)已被更名为纺锤体细胞血管瘤(spindle cell hemangiomas)。 All of us appreciate that diagnosis by fine needle aspiration depends on pattern recognition. Thus, cytological classification of soft tissue tumors is based on the principal pattern. Immunocytochemistry has been increasingly used in the recent past for further categorization of the lesions. 藉细针吸取所做的诊断，是依赖於对形态(pattern)的辨识。因此，细胞学对软组织肿瘤的分类，就是根据”主要形态”(pattern)所建立的。免疫细胞化学於最近已经逐渐被使用在更进一步的器官损害之范畴内。 Soft tissue tumors are classified into five groups [3] on the basis of their cytological results: 根据细胞学上的结果，软组织肿瘤被分为五个群组： Pleomorphic pattern : The aspirate is richly cellular and there is a marked variation in cell size and shape. Nuclear pleomorphism is striking and some of the tumor cells show large nucleoli; bizzare tumor giant cells can be detected. Pleomorphic liposarcomas, pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcomas, and pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas belong to this group. 多形性形态：抽吸(aspirate)完全是细胞的，并且在细胞尺寸与形状上有非常大的差异。细胞核多形性很突出，并且有些肿瘤细胞显示有大细胞核；可侦测到怪异肿瘤巨大细胞。多形性脂肪肉瘤，多形性未分化肉瘤以及多形性横纹肌肉瘤都属於这个群组。 Spindle cell pattern : Spindle cells are shed as fascicles. A typical spindle cell has fusiform or ovoid nuclei; the cytoplasm is tapered, unipolar, or bipolar; mitotic figures are variable. Fibrosarcomas and leiomyosarcomas present with this classical spindle cell pattern. 纺锤体细胞形态：纺锤体细胞褪为丛团。典型的纺锤细胞呈纺绽状，或者卵圆形细胞核。该细胞质一端宽一端较细，单极的，或双极的；有丝分裂的外观是易变的。纤维肉瘤与子宫肌肉瘤出现典形的纺锤细胞形态。

软薄的纱织品肿瘤的细胞学: 软薄的纱织品肿瘤的 Cytological 分类Manoj Kumar Choudhuri病理学部, B S 医生学院、 Bankura 、西的孟加拉, 印度仰赖存在知识，任何疾病的分类时常改变, 如同用软的薄纱织品肿瘤是情形。 软薄的纱织品肿瘤的世界卫生组织分类首先在 1969 年被出版而且在 1994 和 2002 年被校订两次。 下列各项是已经在最新分类方面发生的一些主要变化: [1],[2]纤维母细胞的肿瘤 / 所谓的 fibrohistiocytic 肿瘤 : 在这一个小组方面的醒目改变是有恶意的纤维 histiocytoma 已经遗失它的光荣而且已经被命令撤离到一 "相同 pleomorphic 肉瘤 ." Myxoid 纤维的 histiocytoma 已经与 " myxofibrosarcoma",表现年老的个体中最通常的软薄纱织品肉瘤一起代替。 使肌肉肿瘤和骨骼的肌肉肿瘤光滑 : 已经没有明显的改变在这一个小组中。 Adipocytic 肿瘤 : 区别良好的 liposarcoma 没有有恶意的潜能,因此，当肿瘤在极端和另外外科上听从的位置出现的时候， " 不合型 lipomatous 肿瘤 " 是优先的期限。 然而,期限, " 区别良好的 liposarcoma" 为在 retroperitoneum 和 mediastinum 中出现的肿瘤被保留。 不完全的切除术缺乏 dedifferentiation 甚至造成当地的再现。 Myolipoma 和 chondroid lipoma 是被包含在最近的分类之中的二个新的实体。 Pericytic 肿瘤 : 当 hemangiopericytomas 与 " 孤独的纤维肿瘤 " 没有差别的时候，一些肿瘤先前分类。 然而， sinonasal hemangiopericytomas 似乎真正是 pericytic 损害。 大群体的 pericytic/ perivascular 肿瘤已经被当做 " myopericytomas" 重新命名. 脉管的肿瘤 : 纱锭细胞 haemangioendotheliomas 已经被当做 "纱锭细胞 hemangiomas." 重新命名 我们全部感激热望仰赖式样承认的好针的诊断。 因此, cytological 肿瘤以主要的式样为基础的软薄的纱织品的分类。 Immunocytochemistry 为损害的较进一步的编目方法已经逐渐地被用于最近的过去。 软的薄纱织品肿瘤被进入五个小组 [3] 之内根据他们的 cytological 结果分类:

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1楼和三楼是用GOOLE翻译的，2楼是用金山翻译的。